Version Bump

Added reference to the official repository in the README

.gitignore

@@ -13,4 +13,5 @@ env/
 .settings
 .project
 .pydevproject
-tests/bugfix.py
+tests/test_bugfix.py
+htmlcov/

.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# http://travis-ci.org/#!/MongoEngine/mongoengine
+language: python
+python:
+    - 2.6
+    - 2.7
+install:
+    - sudo apt-get install zlib1g zlib1g-dev
+    - sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib/
+    - pip install PIL --use-mirrors ; true
+    - python setup.py install
+script:
+    - python setup.py test

AUTHORS

@@ -100,3 +100,18 @@ that much better:
  * Jacob Peddicord
  * Nils Hasenbanck
  * mostlystatic
+ * Greg Banks
+ * swashbuckler
+ * Adam Reeve
+ * Anthony Nemitz
+ * deignacio
+ * shaunduncan
+ * Meir Kriheli
+ * Andrey Fedoseev
+ * aparajita
+ * Tristan Escalada
+ * Alexander Koshelev
+ * Jaime Irurzun
+ * Alexandre González
+ * Thomas Steinacher
+ * Tommi Komulainen

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Harry Marr
+Copyright (c) 2009-2012 See AUTHORS
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
 obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation

README.rst

@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 MongoEngine
 ===========
 :Info: MongoEngine is an ORM-like layer on top of PyMongo.
+:Repository: https://github.com/MongoEngine/mongoengine
 :Author: Harry Marr (http://github.com/hmarr)
 :Maintainer: Ross Lawley (http://github.com/rozza)
 
+.. image:: https://secure.travis-ci.org/MongoEngine/mongoengine.png?branch=master
+  :target: http://travis-ci.org/MongoEngine/mongoengine
+
 About
 =====
 MongoEngine is a Python Object-Document Mapper for working with MongoDB.
@@ -22,7 +26,7 @@ setup.py install``.
 
 Dependencies
 ============
-- pymongo 1.1+
+- pymongo 2.1.1+
 - sphinx (optional - for documentation generation)
 
 Examples
@@ -96,3 +100,4 @@ Contributing
 The source is available on `GitHub <http://github.com/MongoEngine/mongoengine>`_ - to
 contribute to the project, fork it on GitHub and send a pull request, all
 contributions and suggestions are welcome!
+

docs/apireference.rst

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ Documents
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.document.MapReduceDocument
   :members:
 
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.ValidationError
+  :members:
+
 Querying
 ========
 
@@ -44,25 +47,28 @@ Querying
 Fields
 ======
 
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.StringField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.URLField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.EmailField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.IntField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.FloatField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.DecimalField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.DateTimeField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.BinaryField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.BooleanField
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.ComplexDateTimeField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.ListField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.SortedListField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.DateTimeField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.DecimalField
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.DictField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.DynamicField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.EmailField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.EmbeddedDocumentField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.FileField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.FloatField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.GenericEmbeddedDocumentField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.GenericReferenceField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.GeoPointField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.ImageField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.IntField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.ListField
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.MapField
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.ObjectIdField
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.ReferenceField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.GenericReferenceField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.EmbeddedDocumentField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.GenericEmbeddedDocumentField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.BooleanField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.FileField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.BinaryField
-.. autoclass:: mongoengine.GeoPointField
 .. autoclass:: mongoengine.SequenceField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.SortedListField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.StringField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.URLField
+.. autoclass:: mongoengine.UUIDField

docs/changelog.rst

@@ -2,6 +2,115 @@
 Changelog
 =========
 
+Changes in 0.6.19
+=================
+
+- Added Binary support to UUID (MongoEngine/mongoengine#47)
+- Fixed MapField lookup for fields without declared lookups (MongoEngine/mongoengine#46)
+- Fixed BinaryField python value issue (MongoEngine/mongoengine#48)
+- Fixed SequenceField non numeric value lookup (MongoEngine/mongoengine#41)
+- Fixed queryset manager issue (MongoEngine/mongoengine#52)
+- Fixed FileField comparision (hmarr/mongoengine#547)
+
+Changes in 0.6.18
+=================
+- Fixed recursion loading bug in _get_changed_fields
+
+Changes in 0.6.17
+=================
+- Fixed issue with custom queryset manager expecting explict variable names
+
+Changes in 0.6.16
+=================
+- Fixed issue where db_alias wasn't inherited
+
+Changes in 0.6.15
+=================
+- Updated validation error messages
+- Added support for null / zero / false values in item_frequencies
+- Fixed cascade save edge case
+- Fixed geo index creation through reference fields
+- Added support for args / kwargs when using @queryset_manager
+- Deref list custom id fix
+
+Changes in 0.6.14
+=================
+- Fixed error dict with nested validation
+- Fixed Int/Float fields and not equals None
+- Exclude tests from installation
+- Allow tuples for index meta
+- Fixed use of str in instance checks
+- Fixed unicode support in transform update
+- Added support for add_to_set and each
+
+Changes in 0.6.13
+=================
+- Fixed EmbeddedDocument db_field validation issue
+- Fixed StringField unicode issue
+- Fixes __repr__ modifying the cursor
+
+Changes in 0.6.12
+=================
+- Fixes scalar lookups for primary_key
+- Fixes error with _delta handling DBRefs
+
+Changes in 0.6.11
+==================
+- Fixed inconsistency handling None values field attrs
+- Fixed map_field embedded db_field issue
+- Fixed .save() _delta issue with DbRefs
+- Fixed Django TestCase
+- Added cmp to Embedded Document
+- Added PULL reverse_delete_rule
+- Fixed CASCADE delete bug
+- Fixed db_field data load error
+- Fixed recursive save with FileField
+
+Changes in 0.6.10
+=================
+- Fixed basedict / baselist to return super(..)
+- Promoted BaseDynamicField to DynamicField
+
+Changes in 0.6.9
+================
+- Fixed sparse indexes on inherited docs
+- Removed FileField auto deletion, needs more work maybe 0.7
+
+Changes in 0.6.8
+================
+- Fixed FileField losing reference when no default set
+- Removed possible race condition from FileField (grid_file)
+- Added assignment to save, can now do: b = MyDoc(**kwargs).save()
+- Added support for pull operations on nested EmbeddedDocuments
+- Added support for choices with GenericReferenceFields
+- Added support for choices with GenericEmbeddedDocumentFields
+- Fixed Django 1.4 sessions first save data loss
+- FileField now automatically delete files on .delete()
+- Fix for GenericReference to_mongo method
+- Fixed connection regression
+- Updated Django User document, now allows inheritance
+
+Changes in 0.6.7
+================
+- Fixed indexing on '_id' or 'pk' or 'id'
+- Invalid data from the DB now raises a InvalidDocumentError
+- Cleaned up the Validation Error - docs and code
+- Added meta `auto_create_index` so you can disable index creation
+- Added write concern options to inserts
+- Fixed typo in meta for index options
+- Bug fix Read preference now passed correctly
+- Added support for File like objects for GridFS
+- Fix for #473 - Dereferencing abstracts
+
+Changes in 0.6.6
+================
+- Django 1.4 fixed (finally)
+- Added tests for Django
+
+Changes in 0.6.5
+================
+- More Django updates
+
 Changes in 0.6.4
 ================
 

docs/guide/defining-documents.rst

@@ -62,28 +62,31 @@ not provided. Default values may optionally be a callable, which will be called
 to retrieve the value (such as in the above example). The field types available
 are as follows:
 
-* :class:`~mongoengine.StringField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.URLField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.EmailField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.IntField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.FloatField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.DecimalField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.DateTimeField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.BinaryField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.BooleanField`
 * :class:`~mongoengine.ComplexDateTimeField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.ListField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.SortedListField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.DateTimeField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.DecimalField`
 * :class:`~mongoengine.DictField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.DynamicField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.EmailField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.EmbeddedDocumentField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.FileField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.FloatField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.GenericEmbeddedDocumentField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.GenericReferenceField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.GeoPointField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.ImageField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.IntField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.ListField`
 * :class:`~mongoengine.MapField`
 * :class:`~mongoengine.ObjectIdField`
 * :class:`~mongoengine.ReferenceField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.GenericReferenceField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.EmbeddedDocumentField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.GenericEmbeddedDocumentField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.BooleanField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.FileField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.BinaryField`
-* :class:`~mongoengine.GeoPointField`
 * :class:`~mongoengine.SequenceField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.SortedListField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.StringField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.URLField`
+* :class:`~mongoengine.UUIDField`
 
 Field arguments
 ---------------
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ arguments can be set on all fields:
 
 :attr:`required` (Default: False)
     If set to True and the field is not set on the document instance, a
-    :class:`~mongoengine.base.ValidationError` will be raised when the document is
+    :class:`~mongoengine.ValidationError` will be raised when the document is
     validated.
 
 :attr:`default` (Default: None)
@@ -256,6 +259,35 @@ as the constructor's argument::
         content = StringField()
 
 
+.. _one-to-many-with-listfields:
+
+One to Many with ListFields
+'''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+
+If you are implementing a one to many relationship via a list of references,
+then the references are stored as DBRefs and to query you need to pass an
+instance of the object to the query::
+
+    class User(Document):
+        name = StringField()
+
+    class Page(Document):
+        content = StringField()
+        authors = ListField(ReferenceField(User))
+
+    bob = User(name="Bob Jones").save()
+    john = User(name="John Smith").save()
+
+    Page(content="Test Page", authors=[bob, john]).save()
+    Page(content="Another Page", authors=[john]).save()
+
+    # Find all pages Bob authored
+    Page.objects(authors__in=[bob])
+
+    # Find all pages that both Bob and John have authored
+    Page.objects(authors__all=[bob, john])
+
+
 Dealing with deletion of referred documents
 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
 By default, MongoDB doesn't check the integrity of your data, so deleting
@@ -289,6 +321,10 @@ Its value can take any of the following constants:
 :const:`mongoengine.CASCADE`
   Any object containing fields that are refererring to the object being deleted
   are deleted first.
+:const:`mongoengine.PULL`
+  Removes the reference to the object (using MongoDB's "pull" operation)
+  from any object's fields of
+  :class:`~mongoengine.ListField` (:class:`~mongoengine.ReferenceField`).
 
 
 .. warning::

docs/guide/document-instances.rst

@@ -91,5 +91,5 @@ is an alias to :attr:`id`::
 .. note::
 
    If you define your own primary key field, the field implicitly becomes
-   required, so a :class:`ValidationError` will be thrown if you don't provide
-   it.
+   required, so a :class:`~mongoengine.ValidationError` will be thrown if
+   you don't provide it.

docs/guide/gridfs.rst

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Deleting stored files is achieved with the :func:`delete` method::
 
     marmot.photo.delete()
 
-.. note::
+.. warning::
 
     The FileField in a Document actually only stores the ID of a file in a
     separate GridFS collection. This means that deleting a document

docs/guide/querying.rst

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ custom manager methods as you like::
     BlogPost(title='test1', published=False).save()
     BlogPost(title='test2', published=True).save()
     assert len(BlogPost.objects) == 2
-    assert len(BlogPost.live_posts) == 1
+    assert len(BlogPost.live_posts()) == 1
 
 Custom QuerySets
 ================
@@ -243,11 +243,16 @@ a document, set ``queryset_class`` to the custom class in a
 :class:`~mongoengine.Document`\ s ``meta`` dictionary::
 
     class AwesomerQuerySet(QuerySet):
-        pass
+
+        def get_awesome(self):
+            return self.filter(awesome=True)
 
     class Page(Document):
         meta = {'queryset_class': AwesomerQuerySet}
 
+    # To call:
+    Page.objects.get_awesome()
+
 .. versionadded:: 0.4
 
 Aggregation

mongoengine/__init__.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from signals import *
 __all__ = (document.__all__ + fields.__all__ + connection.__all__ +
            queryset.__all__ + signals.__all__)
 
-VERSION = (0, 6, 6)
+VERSION = (0, 6, 19)
 
 
 def get_version():

mongoengine/base.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import warnings
+from collections import defaultdict
 
 from queryset import QuerySet, QuerySetManager
 from queryset import DoesNotExist, MultipleObjectsReturned
@@ -25,7 +26,15 @@ class InvalidDocumentError(Exception):
 
 class ValidationError(AssertionError):
     """Validation exception.
+
+    May represent an error validating a field or a
+    document containing fields with validation errors.
+
+    :ivar errors: A dictionary of errors for fields within this
+        document or list, or None if the error is for an
+        individual field.
     """
+
     errors = {}
     field_name = None
     _message = None
@@ -43,9 +52,11 @@ class ValidationError(AssertionError):
 
     def __getattribute__(self, name):
         message = super(ValidationError, self).__getattribute__(name)
-        if name == 'message' and self.field_name:
-            return message + ' ("%s")' % self.field_name
-        else:
+        if name == 'message':
+            if self.field_name:
+                message = '%s' % message
+            if self.errors:
+                message = '%s(%s)' % (message, self._format_errors())
         return message
 
     def _get_message(self):
@@ -57,6 +68,13 @@ class ValidationError(AssertionError):
     message = property(_get_message, _set_message)
 
     def to_dict(self):
+        """Returns a dictionary of all errors within a document
+
+        Keys are field names or list indices and values are the
+        validation error messages, or a nested dictionary of
+        errors for an embedded document or list.
+        """
+
         def build_dict(source):
             errors_dict = {}
             if not source:
@@ -73,6 +91,24 @@ class ValidationError(AssertionError):
             return {}
         return build_dict(self.errors)
 
+    def _format_errors(self):
+        """Returns a string listing all errors within a document"""
+
+        def generate_key(value, prefix=''):
+            if isinstance(value, list):
+                value = ' '.join([generate_key(k) for k in value])
+            if isinstance(value, dict):
+                value = ' '.join(
+                        [generate_key(v, k) for k, v in value.iteritems()])
+
+            results = "%s.%s" % (prefix, value) if prefix else value
+            return results
+
+        error_dict = defaultdict(list)
+        for k, v in self.to_dict().iteritems():
+            error_dict[generate_key(v)].append(k)
+        return ' '.join(["%s: %s" % (k, v) for k, v in error_dict.iteritems()])
+
 
 _document_registry = {}
 
@@ -191,16 +227,18 @@ class BaseField(object):
         pass
 
     def _validate(self, value):
-
+        from mongoengine import Document, EmbeddedDocument
         # check choices
         if self.choices:
+            is_cls = isinstance(value, (Document, EmbeddedDocument))
+            value_to_check = value.__class__ if is_cls else value
+            err_msg = 'an instance' if is_cls else 'one'
             if isinstance(self.choices[0], (list, tuple)):
                 option_keys = [option_key for option_key, option_value in self.choices]
-                if value not in option_keys:
-                    self.error('Value must be one of %s' % unicode(option_keys))
-            else:
-                if value not in self.choices:
-                    self.error('Value must be one of %s' % unicode(self.choices))
+                if value_to_check not in option_keys:
+                    self.error('Value must be %s of %s' % (err_msg, unicode(option_keys)))
+            elif value_to_check not in self.choices:
+                self.error('Value must be %s of %s' % (err_msg, unicode(self.choices)))
 
         # check validation argument
         if self.validation is not None:
@@ -233,8 +271,10 @@ class ComplexBaseField(BaseField):
         if instance is None:
             # Document class being used rather than a document object
             return self
-
-        if not self._dereference and instance._initialised:
+        from fields import GenericReferenceField, ReferenceField
+        dereference = self.field is None or isinstance(self.field,
+            (GenericReferenceField, ReferenceField))
+        if not self._dereference and instance._initialised and dereference:
             from dereference import DeReference
             self._dereference = DeReference()  # Cached
             instance._data[self.name] = self._dereference(
@@ -368,12 +408,12 @@ class ComplexBaseField(BaseField):
                 sequence = enumerate(value)
             for k, v in sequence:
                 try:
-                    self.field.validate(v)
-                except (ValidationError, AssertionError), error:
-                    if hasattr(error, 'errors'):
-                        errors[k] = error.errors
-                    else:
+                    self.field._validate(v)
+                except ValidationError, error:
+                    errors[k] = error.errors or error
+                except (ValueError, AssertionError), error:
                     errors[k] = error
+
             if errors:
                 field_class = self.field.__class__.__name__
                 self.error('Invalid %s item (%s)' % (field_class, value),
@@ -401,47 +441,6 @@ class ComplexBaseField(BaseField):
     owner_document = property(_get_owner_document, _set_owner_document)
 
 
-class BaseDynamicField(BaseField):
-    """Used by :class:`~mongoengine.DynamicDocument` to handle dynamic data"""
-
-    def to_mongo(self, value):
-        """Convert a Python type to a MongoDBcompatible type.
-        """
-
-        if isinstance(value, basestring):
-            return value
-
-        if hasattr(value, 'to_mongo'):
-            return value.to_mongo()
-
-        if not isinstance(value, (dict, list, tuple)):
-            return value
-
-        is_list = False
-        if not hasattr(value, 'items'):
-            is_list = True
-            value = dict([(k, v) for k, v in enumerate(value)])
-
-        data = {}
-        for k, v in value.items():
-            data[k] = self.to_mongo(v)
-
-        if is_list:  # Convert back to a list
-            value = [v for k, v in sorted(data.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(0))]
-        else:
-            value = data
-        return value
-
-    def lookup_member(self, member_name):
-        return member_name
-
-    def prepare_query_value(self, op, value):
-        if isinstance(value, basestring):
-            from mongoengine.fields import StringField
-            return StringField().prepare_query_value(op, value)
-        return self.to_mongo(value)
-
-
 class ObjectIdField(BaseField):
     """An field wrapper around MongoDB's ObjectIds.
     """
@@ -650,8 +649,13 @@ class TopLevelDocumentMetaclass(DocumentMetaclass):
                     del(attrs['meta']['collection'])
                 if base._get_collection_name():
                     collection = base._get_collection_name()
-                # Propagate index options.
-                for key in ('index_background', 'index_drop_dups', 'index_opts'):
+
+                # Propagate inherited values
+                keys_to_propogate = (
+                    'index_background', 'index_drop_dups', 'index_opts',
+                    'allow_inheritance', 'queryset_class', 'db_alias',
+                )
+                for key in keys_to_propogate:
                     if key in base._meta:
                         base_meta[key] = base._meta[key]
 
@@ -660,11 +664,6 @@ class TopLevelDocumentMetaclass(DocumentMetaclass):
                     abstract_base_indexes += base._meta.get('indexes', [])
                 else:
                     base_indexes += base._meta.get('indexes', [])
-                # Propagate 'allow_inheritance'
-                if 'allow_inheritance' in base._meta:
-                    base_meta['allow_inheritance'] = base._meta['allow_inheritance']
-                if 'queryset_class' in base._meta:
-                    base_meta['queryset_class'] = base._meta['queryset_class']
             try:
                 base_meta['objects'] = base.__getattribute__(base, 'objects')
             except TypeError:
@@ -672,6 +671,7 @@ class TopLevelDocumentMetaclass(DocumentMetaclass):
             except AttributeError:
                 pass
 
+        # defaults
         meta = {
             'abstract': False,
             'collection': collection,
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ class TopLevelDocumentMetaclass(DocumentMetaclass):
             meta['queryset_class'] = manager.queryset_class
         new_class.objects = manager
 
-        indicies = meta['indexes'] + abstract_base_indexes
+        indicies = list(meta['indexes']) + abstract_base_indexes
         user_indexes = [QuerySet._build_index_spec(new_class, spec)
                         for spec in indicies] + base_indexes
         new_class._meta['indexes'] = user_indexes
@@ -805,6 +805,7 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
                     dynamic_data[key] = value
         else:
             for key, value in values.items():
+                key = self._reverse_db_field_map.get(key, key)
                 setattr(self, key, value)
 
         # Set any get_fieldname_display methods
@@ -825,7 +826,8 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
 
             field = None
             if not hasattr(self, name) and not name.startswith('_'):
-                field = BaseDynamicField(db_field=name)
+                from fields import DynamicField
+                field = DynamicField(db_field=name)
                 field.name = name
                 self._dynamic_fields[name] = field
 
@@ -838,13 +840,6 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
                 if hasattr(self, '_changed_fields'):
                     self._mark_as_changed(name)
 
-        # Handle None values for required fields
-        if value is None and name in getattr(self, '_fields', {}):
-            self._data[name] = value
-            if hasattr(self, '_changed_fields'):
-                self._mark_as_changed(name)
-            return
-
         if not self._created and name in self._meta.get('shard_key', tuple()):
             from queryset import OperationError
             raise OperationError("Shard Keys are immutable. Tried to update %s" % name)
@@ -909,8 +904,7 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
                 errors[field.name] = ValidationError('Field is required',
                                                      field_name=field.name)
         if errors:
-            raise ValidationError('Errors encountered validating document',
-                                  errors=errors)
+            raise ValidationError('ValidationError', errors=errors)
 
     def to_mongo(self):
         """Return data dictionary ready for use with MongoDB.
@@ -947,8 +941,8 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
         """
         # get the class name from the document, falling back to the given
         # class if unavailable
-        class_name = son.get(u'_cls', cls._class_name)
-        data = dict((str(key), value) for key, value in son.items())
+        class_name = son.get('_cls', cls._class_name)
+        data = dict(("%s" % key, value) for key, value in son.items())
 
         if '_types' in data:
             del data['_types']
@@ -961,11 +955,18 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
             cls = get_document(class_name)
 
         changed_fields = []
+        errors_dict = {}
+
         for field_name, field in cls._fields.items():
             if field.db_field in data:
                 value = data[field.db_field]
+                try:
                     data[field_name] = (value if value is None
                                     else field.to_python(value))
+                    if field_name != field.db_field:
+                        del data[field.db_field]
+                except (AttributeError, ValueError), e:
+                    errors_dict[field_name] = e
             elif field.default:
                 default = field.default
                 if callable(default):
@@ -973,7 +974,13 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
                 if isinstance(default, BaseDocument):
                     changed_fields.append(field_name)
 
+        if errors_dict:
+            errors = "\n".join(["%s - %s" % (k, v) for k, v in errors_dict.items()])
+            raise InvalidDocumentError("""
+Invalid data to create a `%s` instance.\n%s""".strip() % (cls._class_name, errors))
+
         obj = cls(**data)
+
         obj._changed_fields = changed_fields
         obj._created = False
         return obj
@@ -1005,9 +1012,10 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
             field_list.update(self._dynamic_fields)
 
         for field_name in field_list:
+
             db_field_name = self._db_field_map.get(field_name, field_name)
             key = '%s.' % db_field_name
-            field = getattr(self, field_name, None)
+            field = self._data.get(field_name, None)
             if hasattr(field, 'id'):
                 if field.id in inspected:
                     continue
@@ -1044,13 +1052,16 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
             for path in set_fields:
                 parts = path.split('.')
                 d = doc
+                new_path = []
                 for p in parts:
-                    if hasattr(d, '__getattr__'):
-                        d = getattr(p, d)
+                    if isinstance(d, DBRef):
+                        break
                     elif p.isdigit():
                         d = d[int(p)]
-                    else:
+                    elif hasattr(d, 'get'):
                         d = d.get(p)
+                    new_path.append(p)
+                path = '.'.join(new_path)
                 set_data[path] = d
         else:
             set_data = doc
@@ -1107,7 +1118,11 @@ class BaseDocument(object):
         inspected = inspected or []
         geo_indices = []
         inspected.append(cls)
+
+        from fields import EmbeddedDocumentField, GeoPointField
         for field in cls._fields.values():
+            if not isinstance(field, (EmbeddedDocumentField, GeoPointField)):
+                continue
             if hasattr(field, 'document_type'):
                 field_cls = field.document_type
                 if field_cls in inspected:
@@ -1212,15 +1227,15 @@ class BaseList(list):
     def __init__(self, list_items, instance, name):
         self._instance = instance
         self._name = name
-        super(BaseList, self).__init__(list_items)
+        return super(BaseList, self).__init__(list_items)
 
     def __setitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseList, self).__setitem__(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseList, self).__setitem__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def __delitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseList, self).__delitem__(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseList, self).__delitem__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def __getstate__(self):
         self.observer = None
@@ -1274,23 +1289,23 @@ class BaseDict(dict):
     def __init__(self, dict_items, instance, name):
         self._instance = instance
         self._name = name
-        super(BaseDict, self).__init__(dict_items)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).__init__(dict_items)
 
     def __setitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).__setitem__(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).__setitem__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def __delete__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).__delete__(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).__delete__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def __delitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).__delitem__(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).__delitem__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def __delattr__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).__delattr__(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).__delattr__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def __getstate__(self):
         self.instance = None
@@ -1303,19 +1318,19 @@ class BaseDict(dict):
 
     def clear(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).clear(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).clear(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def pop(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).pop(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).pop(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def popitem(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).popitem(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).popitem(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def update(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._mark_as_changed()
-        super(BaseDict, self).update(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super(BaseDict, self).update(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def _mark_as_changed(self):
         if hasattr(self._instance, '_mark_as_changed'):

mongoengine/connection.py

@@ -63,7 +63,10 @@ def register_connection(alias, name, host='localhost', port=27017,
             'password': uri_dict.get('password'),
             'read_preference': read_preference,
         })
+        if "replicaSet" in host:
+            conn_settings['replicaSet'] = True
 
+    conn_settings.update(kwargs)
     _connection_settings[alias] = conn_settings
 
 
@@ -112,7 +115,11 @@ def get_connection(alias=DEFAULT_CONNECTION_NAME, reconnect=False):
             conn_settings['hosts_or_uri'] = conn_settings.pop('host', None)
             # Discard port since it can't be used on ReplicaSetConnection
             conn_settings.pop('port', None)
+            # Discard replicaSet if not base string
+            if not isinstance(conn_settings['replicaSet'], basestring):
+                conn_settings.pop('replicaSet', None)
             connection_class = ReplicaSetConnection
+
         try:
             _connections[alias] = connection_class(**conn_settings)
         except Exception, e:

mongoengine/dereference.py

@@ -112,6 +112,10 @@ class DeReference(object):
                     for ref in references:
                         if '_cls' in ref:
                             doc = get_document(ref["_cls"])._from_son(ref)
+                        elif doc_type is None:
+                            doc = get_document(
+                                ''.join(x.capitalize()
+                                        for x in col.split('_')))._from_son(ref)
                         else:
                             doc = doc_type._from_son(ref)
                         object_map[doc.id] = doc
@@ -162,7 +166,7 @@ class DeReference(object):
             else:
                 data[k] = v
 
-            if k in self.object_map:
+            if k in self.object_map and not is_list:
                 data[k] = self.object_map[k]
             elif hasattr(v, '_fields'):
                 for field_name, field in v._fields.iteritems():

mongoengine/django/auth.py

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ class User(Document):
                                 verbose_name=_('date joined'))
 
     meta = {
+        'allow_inheritance': True,
         'indexes': [
             {'fields': ['username'], 'unique': True}
         ]

mongoengine/django/sessions.py

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class SessionStore(SessionBase):
 
     def save(self, must_create=False):
         if self.session_key is None:
-            self.create()
+            self._session_key = self._get_new_session_key()
         s = MongoSession(session_key=self.session_key)
         s.session_data = self.encode(self._get_session(no_load=must_create))
         s.expire_date = self.get_expiry_date()

mongoengine/django/tests.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class MongoTestCase(TestCase):
     """
     db_name = 'test_%s' % settings.MONGO_DATABASE_NAME
     def __init__(self, methodName='runtest'):
-        self.db = connect(self.db_name)
+        self.db = connect(self.db_name).get_db()
         super(MongoTestCase, self).__init__(methodName)
 
     def _post_teardown(self):

mongoengine/document.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import pymongo
+
 from bson.dbref import DBRef
 
 from mongoengine import signals
@@ -39,6 +40,11 @@ class EmbeddedDocument(BaseDocument):
         else:
             super(EmbeddedDocument, self).__delattr__(*args, **kwargs)
 
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return self._data == other._data
+        return False
+
 
 class Document(BaseDocument):
     """The base class used for defining the structure and properties of
@@ -74,8 +80,14 @@ class Document(BaseDocument):
     names. Index direction may be specified by prefixing the field names with
     a **+** or **-** sign.
 
+    Automatic index creation can be disabled by specifying
+    attr:`auto_create_index` in the :attr:`meta` dictionary. If this is set to
+    False then indexes will not be created by MongoEngine.  This is useful in
+    production systems where index creation is performed as part of a deployment
+    system.
+
     By default, _types will be added to the start of every index (that
-    doesn't contain a list) if allow_inheritence is True. This can be
+    doesn't contain a list) if allow_inheritance is True. This can be
     disabled by either setting types to False on the specific index or
     by setting index_types to False on the meta dictionary for the document.
     """
@@ -147,8 +159,9 @@ class Document(BaseDocument):
                 :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.save` OR
                 :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.insert`
                 which will be used as options for the resultant ``getLastError`` command.
-                For example, ``save(..., w=2, fsync=True)`` will wait until at least two servers
-                have recorded the write and will force an fsync on each server being written to.
+                For example, ``save(..., write_options={w: 2, fsync: True}, ...)`` will
+                wait until at least two servers have recorded the write and will force an
+                fsync on each server being written to.
         :param cascade: Sets the flag for cascading saves.  You can set a default by setting
             "cascade" in the document __meta__
         :param cascade_kwargs: optional kwargs dictionary to be passed throw to cascading saves
@@ -213,6 +226,7 @@ class Document(BaseDocument):
                 if cascade_kwargs:  # Allow granular control over cascades
                     kwargs.update(cascade_kwargs)
                 kwargs['_refs'] = _refs
+                #self._changed_fields = []
                 self.cascade_save(**kwargs)
 
         except pymongo.errors.OperationFailure, err:
@@ -226,17 +240,24 @@ class Document(BaseDocument):
         self._changed_fields = []
         self._created = False
         signals.post_save.send(self.__class__, document=self, created=created)
+        return self
 
     def cascade_save(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """Recursively saves any references / generic references on an object"""
         from fields import ReferenceField, GenericReferenceField
         _refs = kwargs.get('_refs', []) or []
+
         for name, cls in self._fields.items():
+
             if not isinstance(cls, (ReferenceField, GenericReferenceField)):
                 continue
+
             ref = getattr(self, name)
             if not ref:
                 continue
+            if isinstance(ref, DBRef):
+                continue
+
             ref_id = "%s,%s" % (ref.__class__.__name__, str(ref._data))
             if ref and ref_id not in _refs:
                 _refs.append(ref_id)
@@ -351,10 +372,10 @@ class DynamicDocument(Document):
     way as an ordinary document but has expando style properties.  Any data
     passed or set against the :class:`~mongoengine.DynamicDocument` that is
     not a field is automatically converted into a
-    :class:`~mongoengine.BaseDynamicField` and data can be attributed to that
+    :class:`~mongoengine.DynamicField` and data can be attributed to that
     field.
 
-    ..note::
+    .. note::
 
         There is one caveat on Dynamic Documents: fields cannot start with `_`
     """

mongoengine/fields.py

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import decimal
 import gridfs
 import re
 import uuid
+import warnings
 
 from bson import Binary, DBRef, SON, ObjectId
-
 from base import (BaseField, ComplexBaseField, ObjectIdField,
                   ValidationError, get_document, BaseDocument)
 from queryset import DO_NOTHING, QuerySet
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ except ImportError:
 __all__ = ['StringField', 'IntField', 'FloatField', 'BooleanField',
            'DateTimeField', 'EmbeddedDocumentField', 'ListField', 'DictField',
            'ObjectIdField', 'ReferenceField', 'ValidationError', 'MapField',
-           'DecimalField', 'ComplexDateTimeField', 'URLField',
+           'DecimalField', 'ComplexDateTimeField', 'URLField', 'DynamicField',
            'GenericReferenceField', 'FileField', 'BinaryField',
            'SortedListField', 'EmailField', 'GeoPointField', 'ImageField',
            'SequenceField', 'UUIDField', 'GenericEmbeddedDocumentField']
@@ -49,10 +49,13 @@ class StringField(BaseField):
         super(StringField, self).__init__(**kwargs)
 
     def to_python(self, value):
-        return unicode(value)
+        if isinstance(value, unicode):
+            return value
+        else:
+            return value.decode('utf-8')
 
     def validate(self, value):
-        if not isinstance(value, (str, unicode)):
+        if not isinstance(value, basestring):
             self.error('StringField only accepts string values')
 
         if self.max_length is not None and len(value) > self.max_length:
@@ -164,6 +167,9 @@ class IntField(BaseField):
             self.error('Integer value is too large')
 
     def prepare_query_value(self, op, value):
+        if value is None:
+            return value
+
         return int(value)
 
 
@@ -182,7 +188,7 @@ class FloatField(BaseField):
         if isinstance(value, int):
             value = float(value)
         if not isinstance(value, float):
-            self.error('FoatField only accepts float values')
+            self.error('FloatField only accepts float values')
 
         if self.min_value is not None and value < self.min_value:
             self.error('Float value is too small')
@@ -191,6 +197,9 @@ class FloatField(BaseField):
             self.error('Float value is too large')
 
     def prepare_query_value(self, op, value):
+        if value is None:
+            return value
+
         return float(value)
 
 
@@ -369,7 +378,7 @@ class ComplexDateTimeField(StringField):
         return self._convert_from_string(data)
 
     def __set__(self, instance, value):
-        value = self._convert_from_datetime(value)
+        value = self._convert_from_datetime(value) if value else value
         return super(ComplexDateTimeField, self).__set__(instance, value)
 
     def validate(self, value):
@@ -441,6 +450,9 @@ class GenericEmbeddedDocumentField(BaseField):
     :class:`~mongoengine.EmbeddedDocument` to be stored.
 
     Only valid values are subclasses of :class:`~mongoengine.EmbeddedDocument`.
+
+    .. note:: You can use the choices param to limit the acceptable
+    EmbeddedDocument types
     """
 
     def prepare_query_value(self, op, value):
@@ -470,10 +482,56 @@ class GenericEmbeddedDocumentField(BaseField):
         return data
 
 
+class DynamicField(BaseField):
+    """A truly dynamic field type capable of handling different and varying
+    types of data.
+
+    Used by :class:`~mongoengine.DynamicDocument` to handle dynamic data"""
+
+    def to_mongo(self, value):
+        """Convert a Python type to a MongoDBcompatible type.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(value, basestring):
+            return value
+
+        if hasattr(value, 'to_mongo'):
+            return value.to_mongo()
+
+        if not isinstance(value, (dict, list, tuple)):
+            return value
+
+        is_list = False
+        if not hasattr(value, 'items'):
+            is_list = True
+            value = dict([(k, v) for k, v in enumerate(value)])
+
+        data = {}
+        for k, v in value.items():
+            data[k] = self.to_mongo(v)
+
+        if is_list:  # Convert back to a list
+            value = [v for k, v in sorted(data.items(), key=itemgetter(0))]
+        else:
+            value = data
+        return value
+
+    def lookup_member(self, member_name):
+        return member_name
+
+    def prepare_query_value(self, op, value):
+        if isinstance(value, basestring):
+            from mongoengine.fields import StringField
+            return StringField().prepare_query_value(op, value)
+        return self.to_mongo(value)
+
+
 class ListField(ComplexBaseField):
     """A list field that wraps a standard field, allowing multiple instances
     of the field to be used as a list in the database.
 
+    If using with ReferenceFields see: :ref:`one-to-many-with-listfields`
+
     .. note::
         Required means it cannot be empty - as the default for ListFields is []
     """
@@ -612,6 +670,18 @@ class ReferenceField(BaseField):
       * NULLIFY     - Updates the reference to null.
       * CASCADE     - Deletes the documents associated with the reference.
       * DENY        - Prevent the deletion of the reference object.
+      * PULL        - Pull the reference from a :class:`~mongoengine.ListField` of references
+
+    Alternative syntax for registering delete rules (useful when implementing
+    bi-directional delete rules)
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        class Bar(Document):
+            content = StringField()
+            foo = ReferenceField('Foo')
+
+        Bar.register_delete_rule(Foo, 'bar', NULLIFY)
 
     .. versionchanged:: 0.5 added `reverse_delete_rule`
     """
@@ -698,9 +768,11 @@ class GenericReferenceField(BaseField):
     """A reference to *any* :class:`~mongoengine.document.Document` subclass
     that will be automatically dereferenced on access (lazily).
 
-    ..note ::  Any documents used as a generic reference must be registered in the
+    .. note:: Any documents used as a generic reference must be registered in the
     document registry.  Importing the model will automatically register it.
 
+    .. note:: You can use the choices param to limit the acceptable Document types
+
     .. versionadded:: 0.3
     """
 
@@ -735,6 +807,9 @@ class GenericReferenceField(BaseField):
         if document is None:
             return None
 
+        if isinstance(document, (dict, SON)):
+            return document
+
         id_field_name = document.__class__._meta['id_field']
         id_field = document.__class__._fields[id_field_name]
 
@@ -770,13 +845,9 @@ class BinaryField(BaseField):
     def to_mongo(self, value):
         return Binary(value)
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
-        # Returns str not unicode as this is binary data
-        return str(value)
-
     def validate(self, value):
-        if not isinstance(value, str):
-            self.error('BinaryField only accepts string values')
+        if not isinstance(value, (basestring, Binary)):
+            self.error('BinaryField only accepts string or bson Binary values')
 
         if self.max_bytes is not None and len(value) > self.max_bytes:
             self.error('Binary value is too long')
@@ -829,6 +900,15 @@ class GridFSProxy(object):
         self_dict['_fs'] = None
         return self_dict
 
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s: %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.grid_id)
+
+    def __cmp__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, GridFSProxy):
+            return -1
+        return cmp((self.grid_id, self.collection_name, self.db_alias),
+                   (other.grid_id, other.collection_name, other.db_alias))
+
     @property
     def fs(self):
         if not self._fs:
@@ -875,10 +955,14 @@ class GridFSProxy(object):
         self.newfile.writelines(lines)
 
     def read(self, size=-1):
-        try:
-            return self.get().read(size)
-        except:
+        gridout = self.get()
+        if gridout is None:
             return None
+        else:
+            try:
+                return gridout.read(size)
+            except:
+                return ""
 
     def delete(self):
         # Delete file from GridFS, FileField still remains
@@ -923,19 +1007,20 @@ class FileField(BaseField):
 
         # Check if a file already exists for this model
         grid_file = instance._data.get(self.name)
-        self.grid_file = grid_file
-        if isinstance(self.grid_file, self.proxy_class):
-            if not self.grid_file.key:
-                self.grid_file.key = self.name
-                self.grid_file.instance = instance
-            return self.grid_file
-        return self.proxy_class(key=self.name, instance=instance,
+        if not isinstance(grid_file, self.proxy_class):
+            grid_file = self.proxy_class(key=self.name, instance=instance,
                                          db_alias=self.db_alias,
                                          collection_name=self.collection_name)
+            instance._data[self.name] = grid_file
+
+        if not grid_file.key:
+            grid_file.key = self.name
+            grid_file.instance = instance
+        return grid_file
 
     def __set__(self, instance, value):
         key = self.name
-        if isinstance(value, file) or isinstance(value, str):
+        if (hasattr(value, 'read') and not isinstance(value, GridFSProxy)) or isinstance(value, basestring):
             # using "FileField() = file/string" notation
             grid_file = instance._data.get(self.name)
             # If a file already exists, delete it
@@ -1203,7 +1288,7 @@ class SequenceField(IntField):
             instance._data[self.name] = value
             instance._mark_as_changed(self.name)
 
-        return value
+        return int(value) if value else None
 
     def __set__(self, instance, value):
 
@@ -1223,17 +1308,40 @@ class UUIDField(BaseField):
 
     .. versionadded:: 0.6
     """
+    _binary = None
 
-    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(self, binary=None, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Store UUID data in the database
+
+        :param binary: (optional) boolean store as binary.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.6.19
+        """
+        if binary is None:
+            binary = False
+            msg = ("UUIDFields will soon default to store as binary, please "
+                  "configure binary=False if you wish to store as a string")
+            warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning)
+        self._binary = binary
         super(UUIDField, self).__init__(**kwargs)
 
     def to_python(self, value):
+        if not self.binary:
             if not isinstance(value, basestring):
                 value = unicode(value)
             return uuid.UUID(value)
+        return value
 
     def to_mongo(self, value):
+        if not self._binary:
             return unicode(value)
+        return value
+
+    def prepare_query_value(self, op, value):
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        return self.to_mongo(value)
 
     def validate(self, value):
         if not isinstance(value, uuid.UUID):

mongoengine/queryset.py

@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ import copy
 import itertools
 import operator
 
+from functools import partial
+
 import pymongo
 from bson.code import Code
 
 from mongoengine import signals
 
 __all__ = ['queryset_manager', 'Q', 'InvalidQueryError',
-           'DO_NOTHING', 'NULLIFY', 'CASCADE', 'DENY']
+           'DO_NOTHING', 'NULLIFY', 'CASCADE', 'DENY', 'PULL']
 
 
 # The maximum number of items to display in a QuerySet.__repr__
@@ -21,6 +23,7 @@ DO_NOTHING = 0
 NULLIFY = 1
 CASCADE = 2
 DENY = 3
+PULL = 4
 
 
 class DoesNotExist(Exception):
@@ -340,6 +343,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         self._timeout = True
         self._class_check = True
         self._slave_okay = False
+        self._iter = False
         self._scalar = []
 
         # If inheritance is allowed, only return instances and instances of
@@ -394,61 +398,6 @@ class QuerySet(object):
             unique=index_spec.get('unique', False))
         return self
 
-    @classmethod
-    def _build_index_spec(cls, doc_cls, spec):
-        """Build a PyMongo index spec from a MongoEngine index spec.
-        """
-        if isinstance(spec, basestring):
-            spec = {'fields': [spec]}
-        if isinstance(spec, (list, tuple)):
-            spec = {'fields': spec}
-
-        index_list = []
-        use_types = doc_cls._meta.get('allow_inheritance', True)
-        for key in spec['fields']:
-            # Get ASCENDING direction from +, DESCENDING from -, and GEO2D from *
-            direction = pymongo.ASCENDING
-            if key.startswith("-"):
-                direction = pymongo.DESCENDING
-            elif key.startswith("*"):
-                direction = pymongo.GEO2D
-            if key.startswith(("+", "-", "*")):
-                key = key[1:]
-
-            # Use real field name, do it manually because we need field
-            # objects for the next part (list field checking)
-            parts = key.split('.')
-            fields = QuerySet._lookup_field(doc_cls, parts)
-            parts = [field.db_field for field in fields]
-            key = '.'.join(parts)
-            index_list.append((key, direction))
-
-            # Check if a list field is being used, don't use _types if it is
-            if use_types and not all(f._index_with_types for f in fields):
-                use_types = False
-
-        # If _types is being used, prepend it to every specified index
-        index_types = doc_cls._meta.get('index_types', True)
-        allow_inheritance = doc_cls._meta.get('allow_inheritance')
-        if spec.get('types', index_types) and allow_inheritance and use_types and direction is not pymongo.GEO2D:
-            index_list.insert(0, ('_types', 1))
-
-        spec['fields'] = index_list
-
-        if spec.get('sparse', False) and len(spec['fields']) > 1:
-            raise ValueError(
-                'Sparse indexes can only have one field in them. '
-                'See https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-2193')
-
-        return spec
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _reset_already_indexed(cls, document=None):
-        """Helper to reset already indexed, can be useful for testing purposes"""
-        if document:
-            cls.__already_indexed.discard(document)
-        cls.__already_indexed.clear()
-
     def __call__(self, q_obj=None, class_check=True, slave_okay=False, **query):
         """Filter the selected documents by calling the
         :class:`~mongoengine.queryset.QuerySet` with a query.
@@ -481,24 +430,15 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         """Returns all documents."""
         return self.__call__()
 
-    @property
-    def _collection(self):
-        """Property that returns the collection object. This allows us to
-        perform operations only if the collection is accessed.
+    def _ensure_indexes(self):
+        """Checks the document meta data and ensures all the indexes exist.
+
+        .. note:: You can disable automatic index creation by setting
+                  `auto_create_index` to False in the documents meta data
         """
-        if self._document not in QuerySet.__already_indexed:
-
-            # Ensure collection exists
-            db = self._document._get_db()
-            if self._collection_obj.name not in db.collection_names():
-                self._document._collection = None
-                self._collection_obj = self._document._get_collection()
-
-            QuerySet.__already_indexed.add(self._document)
-
         background = self._document._meta.get('index_background', False)
         drop_dups = self._document._meta.get('index_drop_dups', False)
-            index_opts = self._document._meta.get('index_options', {})
+        index_opts = self._document._meta.get('index_opts', {})
         index_types = self._document._meta.get('index_types', True)
 
         # determine if an index which we are creating includes
@@ -543,6 +483,86 @@ class QuerySet(object):
             self._collection.ensure_index(index_spec,
                 background=background, **index_opts)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_index_spec(cls, doc_cls, spec):
+        """Build a PyMongo index spec from a MongoEngine index spec.
+        """
+        if isinstance(spec, basestring):
+            spec = {'fields': [spec]}
+        if isinstance(spec, (list, tuple)):
+            spec = {'fields': spec}
+
+        index_list = []
+        direction = None
+        use_types = doc_cls._meta.get('allow_inheritance', True)
+        for key in spec['fields']:
+            # Get ASCENDING direction from +, DESCENDING from -, and GEO2D from *
+            direction = pymongo.ASCENDING
+            if key.startswith("-"):
+                direction = pymongo.DESCENDING
+            elif key.startswith("*"):
+                direction = pymongo.GEO2D
+            if key.startswith(("+", "-", "*")):
+                key = key[1:]
+
+            # Use real field name, do it manually because we need field
+            # objects for the next part (list field checking)
+            parts = key.split('.')
+            if parts in (['pk'], ['id'], ['_id']):
+                key = '_id'
+            else:
+                fields = QuerySet._lookup_field(doc_cls, parts)
+                parts = [field if field == '_id' else field.db_field for field in fields]
+                key = '.'.join(parts)
+            index_list.append((key, direction))
+
+            # If sparse - dont include types
+            if spec.get('sparse', False):
+                use_types = False
+
+            # Check if a list field is being used, don't use _types if it is
+            if use_types and not all(f._index_with_types for f in fields):
+                use_types = False
+
+        # If _types is being used, prepend it to every specified index
+        index_types = doc_cls._meta.get('index_types', True)
+        allow_inheritance = doc_cls._meta.get('allow_inheritance')
+        if spec.get('types', index_types) and allow_inheritance and use_types and direction is not pymongo.GEO2D:
+            index_list.insert(0, ('_types', 1))
+
+        spec['fields'] = index_list
+        if spec.get('sparse', False) and len(spec['fields']) > 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'Sparse indexes can only have one field in them. '
+                'See https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-2193')
+
+        return spec
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _reset_already_indexed(cls, document=None):
+        """Helper to reset already indexed, can be useful for testing purposes"""
+        if document:
+            cls.__already_indexed.discard(document)
+        cls.__already_indexed.clear()
+
+
+    @property
+    def _collection(self):
+        """Property that returns the collection object. This allows us to
+        perform operations only if the collection is accessed.
+        """
+        if self._document not in QuerySet.__already_indexed:
+            # Ensure collection exists
+            db = self._document._get_db()
+            if self._collection_obj.name not in db.collection_names():
+                self._document._collection = None
+                self._collection_obj = self._document._get_collection()
+
+            QuerySet.__already_indexed.add(self._document)
+
+            if self._document._meta.get('auto_create_index', True):
+                self._ensure_indexes()
+
         return self._collection_obj
 
     @property
@@ -603,6 +623,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                         "Can't use index on unsubscriptable field (%s)" % err)
                 fields.append(field_name)
                 continue
+
             if field is None:
                 # Look up first field from the document
                 if field_name == 'pk':
@@ -611,8 +632,8 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                 if field_name in document._fields:
                     field = document._fields[field_name]
                 elif document._dynamic:
-                    from base import BaseDynamicField
-                    field = BaseDynamicField(db_field=field_name)
+                    from fields import DynamicField
+                    field = DynamicField(db_field=field_name)
                 else:
                     raise InvalidQueryError('Cannot resolve field "%s"'
                                                 % field_name)
@@ -620,6 +641,9 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                 from mongoengine.fields import ReferenceField, GenericReferenceField
                 if isinstance(field, (ReferenceField, GenericReferenceField)):
                     raise InvalidQueryError('Cannot perform join in mongoDB: %s' % '__'.join(parts))
+                if hasattr(getattr(field, 'field', None), 'lookup_member'):
+                    new_field = field.field.lookup_member(field_name)
+                else:
                    # Look up subfield on the previous field
                     new_field = field.lookup_member(field_name)
                 from base import ComplexBaseField
@@ -680,7 +704,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                 cleaned_fields = []
                 for field in fields:
                     append_field = True
-                    if isinstance(field, str):
+                    if isinstance(field, basestring):
                         parts.append(field)
                         append_field = False
                     else:
@@ -781,15 +805,19 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         dictionary of default values for the new document may be provided as a
         keyword argument called :attr:`defaults`.
 
+        .. note:: This requires two separate operations and therefore a
+            race condition exists.  Because there are no transactions in mongoDB
+            other approaches should be investigated, to ensure you don't
+            accidently duplicate data when using this method.
+
         :param write_options: optional extra keyword arguments used if we
             have to create a new document.
             Passes any write_options onto :meth:`~mongoengine.Document.save`
 
-        .. versionadded:: 0.3
-
         :param auto_save: if the object is to be saved automatically if not found.
 
-        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.6 - added `auto_save`
+        .. versionadded:: 0.3
         """
         defaults = query.get('defaults', {})
         if 'defaults' in query:
@@ -824,11 +852,21 @@ class QuerySet(object):
             result = None
         return result
 
-    def insert(self, doc_or_docs, load_bulk=True):
+    def insert(self, doc_or_docs, load_bulk=True, safe=False, write_options=None):
         """bulk insert documents
 
+        If ``safe=True`` and the operation is unsuccessful, an
+        :class:`~mongoengine.OperationError` will be raised.
+
         :param docs_or_doc: a document or list of documents to be inserted
         :param load_bulk (optional): If True returns the list of document instances
+        :param safe: check if the operation succeeded before returning
+        :param write_options: Extra keyword arguments are passed down to
+                :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.insert`
+                which will be used as options for the resultant ``getLastError`` command.
+                For example, ``insert(..., {w: 2, fsync: True})`` will wait until at least two
+                servers have recorded the write and will force an fsync on each server being
+                written to.
 
         By default returns document instances, set ``load_bulk`` to False to
         return just ``ObjectIds``
@@ -837,6 +875,10 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         """
         from document import Document
 
+        if not write_options:
+            write_options = {}
+        write_options.update({'safe': safe})
+
         docs = doc_or_docs
         return_one = False
         if isinstance(docs, Document) or issubclass(docs.__class__, Document):
@@ -854,7 +896,13 @@ class QuerySet(object):
             raw.append(doc.to_mongo())
 
         signals.pre_bulk_insert.send(self._document, documents=docs)
-        ids = self._collection.insert(raw)
+        try:
+            ids = self._collection.insert(raw, **write_options)
+        except pymongo.errors.OperationFailure, err:
+            message = 'Could not save document (%s)'
+            if u'duplicate key' in unicode(err):
+                message = u'Tried to save duplicate unique keys (%s)'
+            raise OperationError(message % unicode(err))
 
         if not load_bulk:
             signals.post_bulk_insert.send(
@@ -907,6 +955,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
     def next(self):
         """Wrap the result in a :class:`~mongoengine.Document` object.
         """
+        self._iter = True
         try:
             if self._limit == 0:
                 raise StopIteration
@@ -923,6 +972,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
 
         .. versionadded:: 0.3
         """
+        self._iter = False
         self._cursor.rewind()
 
     def count(self):
@@ -1273,11 +1323,17 @@ class QuerySet(object):
             document_cls, field_name = rule_entry
             rule = doc._meta['delete_rules'][rule_entry]
             if rule == CASCADE:
-                document_cls.objects(**{field_name + '__in': self}).delete(safe=safe)
+                ref_q = document_cls.objects(**{field_name + '__in': self})
+                if doc != document_cls or (doc == document_cls and ref_q.count() > 0):
+                    ref_q.delete(safe=safe)
             elif rule == NULLIFY:
                 document_cls.objects(**{field_name + '__in': self}).update(
                         safe_update=safe,
                         **{'unset__%s' % field_name: 1})
+            elif rule == PULL:
+                document_cls.objects(**{field_name + '__in': self}).update(
+                        safe_update=safe,
+                        **{'pull_all__%s' % field_name: self})
 
         self._collection.remove(self._query, safe=safe)
 
@@ -1318,7 +1374,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                 cleaned_fields = []
                 for field in fields:
                     append_field = True
-                    if isinstance(field, str):
+                    if isinstance(field, basestring):
                         # Convert the S operator to $
                         if field == 'S':
                             field = '$'
@@ -1332,18 +1388,34 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                 # Convert value to proper value
                 field = cleaned_fields[-1]
 
-                if op in (None, 'set', 'push', 'pull', 'addToSet'):
+                if op in (None, 'set', 'push', 'pull'):
                     if field.required or value is not None:
                         value = field.prepare_query_value(op, value)
                 elif op in ('pushAll', 'pullAll'):
                     value = [field.prepare_query_value(op, v) for v in value]
+                elif op == 'addToSet':
+                    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple, set)):
+                        value = [field.prepare_query_value(op, v) for v in value]
+                    elif field.required or value is not None:
+                        value = field.prepare_query_value(op, value)
 
             key = '.'.join(parts)
 
             if not op:
                 raise InvalidQueryError("Updates must supply an operation eg: set__FIELD=value")
 
-            if op:
+            if 'pull' in op and '.' in key:
+                # Dot operators don't work on pull operations
+                # it uses nested dict syntax
+                if op == 'pullAll':
+                    raise InvalidQueryError("pullAll operations only support a single field depth")
+
+                parts.reverse()
+                for key in parts:
+                    value = {key: value}
+            elif op == 'addToSet' and isinstance(value, list):
+                value = {key: {"$each": value}}
+            else:
                 value = {key: value}
             key = '$' + op
 
@@ -1435,8 +1507,6 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         def lookup(obj, name):
             chunks = name.split('__')
             for chunk in chunks:
-                if hasattr(obj, '_db_field_map'):
-                    chunk = obj._db_field_map.get(chunk, chunk)
                 obj = getattr(obj, chunk)
             return obj
 
@@ -1648,10 +1718,11 @@ class QuerySet(object):
     def _item_frequencies_map_reduce(self, field, normalize=False):
         map_func = """
             function() {
-                path = '{{~%(field)s}}'.split('.');
-                field = this;
+                var path = '{{~%(field)s}}'.split('.');
+                var field = this;
+
                 for (p in path) {
-                    if (field)
+                    if (typeof field != 'undefined')
                        field = field[path[p]];
                     else
                        break;
@@ -1660,7 +1731,7 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                     field.forEach(function(item) {
                         emit(item, 1);
                     });
-                } else if (field) {
+                } else if (typeof field != 'undefined') {
                     emit(field, 1);
                 } else {
                     emit(null, 1);
@@ -1684,12 +1755,12 @@ class QuerySet(object):
             if isinstance(key, float):
                 if int(key) == key:
                     key = int(key)
-                key = str(key)
-            frequencies[key] = f.value
+            frequencies[key] = int(f.value)
 
         if normalize:
             count = sum(frequencies.values())
-            frequencies = dict([(k, v / count) for k, v in frequencies.items()])
+            frequencies = dict([(k, float(v) / count)
+                                for k, v in frequencies.items()])
 
         return frequencies
 
@@ -1697,12 +1768,11 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         """Uses exec_js to execute"""
         freq_func = """
             function(path) {
-                path = path.split('.');
+                var path = path.split('.');
 
-                if (options.normalize) {
                 var total = 0.0;
                 db[collection].find(query).forEach(function(doc) {
-                        field = doc;
+                    var field = doc;
                     for (p in path) {
                         if (field)
                             field = field[path[p]];
@@ -1715,13 +1785,11 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                        total++;
                     }
                 });
-                }
 
                 var frequencies = {};
+                var types = {};
                 var inc = 1.0;
-                if (options.normalize) {
-                    inc /= total;
-                }
+
                 db[collection].find(query).forEach(function(doc) {
                     field = doc;
                     for (p in path) {
@@ -1736,34 +1804,48 @@ class QuerySet(object):
                         });
                     } else {
                         var item = field;
+                        types[item] = item;
                         frequencies[item] = inc + (isNaN(frequencies[item]) ? 0: frequencies[item]);
                     }
                 });
-                return frequencies;
+                return [total, frequencies, types];
             }
         """
-        data = self.exec_js(freq_func, field, normalize=normalize)
-        if 'undefined' in data:
-            data[None] = data['undefined']
-            del(data['undefined'])
-        return data
+        total, data, types = self.exec_js(freq_func, field)
+        values = dict([(types.get(k), int(v)) for k, v in data.iteritems()])
+
+        if normalize:
+            values = dict([(k, float(v) / total) for k, v in values.items()])
+
+        frequencies = {}
+        for k, v in values.iteritems():
+            if isinstance(k, float):
+                if int(k) == k:
+                    k = int(k)
+
+            frequencies[k] = v
+
+        return frequencies
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        limit = REPR_OUTPUT_SIZE + 1
-        start = (0 if self._skip is None else self._skip)
-        if self._limit is None:
-            stop = start + limit
-        if self._limit is not None:
-            if self._limit - start > limit:
-                stop = start + limit
-            else:
-                stop = self._limit
+        """Provides the string representation of the QuerySet
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.6.13 Now doesnt modify the cursor
+        """
+
+        if self._iter:
+            return '.. queryset mid-iteration ..'
+
+        data = []
+        for i in xrange(REPR_OUTPUT_SIZE + 1):
             try:
-            data = list(self[start:stop])
-        except pymongo.errors.InvalidOperation:
-            return ".. queryset mid-iteration .."
+                data.append(self.next())
+            except StopIteration:
+                break
         if len(data) > REPR_OUTPUT_SIZE:
             data[-1] = "...(remaining elements truncated)..."
+
+        self.rewind()
         return repr(data)
 
     def select_related(self, max_depth=1):
@@ -1779,6 +1861,17 @@ class QuerySet(object):
 
 
 class QuerySetManager(object):
+    """
+    The default QuerySet Manager.
+
+    Custom QuerySet Manager functions can extend this class and users can
+    add extra queryset functionality.  Any custom manager methods must accept a
+    :class:`~mongoengine.Document` class as its first argument, and a
+    :class:`~mongoengine.queryset.QuerySet` as its second argument.
+
+    The method function should return a :class:`~mongoengine.queryset.QuerySet`
+    , probably the same one that was passed in, but modified in some way.
+    """
 
     get_queryset = None
 
@@ -1799,10 +1892,13 @@ class QuerySetManager(object):
         queryset_class = owner._meta['queryset_class'] or QuerySet
         queryset = queryset_class(owner, owner._get_collection())
         if self.get_queryset:
-            if self.get_queryset.func_code.co_argcount == 1:
+            arg_count = self.get_queryset.func_code.co_argcount
+            if arg_count == 1:
                 queryset = self.get_queryset(queryset)
-            else:
+            elif arg_count == 2:
                 queryset = self.get_queryset(owner, queryset)
+            else:
+                queryset = partial(self.get_queryset, owner, queryset)
         return queryset
 
 

python-mongoengine.spec

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 %define srcname mongoengine
 
 Name:           python-%{srcname}
-Version:        0.6.6
+Version:        0.6.19
 Release:        1%{?dist}
 Summary:        A Python Document-Object Mapper for working with MongoDB
 
@@ -51,24 +51,4 @@ rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 # %{python_sitearch}/*
 
 %changelog
-* Wed Apr 24 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6.5
-- 0.6.6 released
-* Wed Apr 18 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6.5
-- 0.6.5 released
-* Wed Apr 18 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6.5
-- 0.6.4 released
-* Wed Mar 24 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6.5
-- 0.6.3 released
-* Wed Mar 22 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6.5
-- 0.6.2 released
-* Wed Mar 05 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6.5
-- 0.6.1 released
-* Mon Mar 05 2012 Ross Lawley <ross.lawley@gmail.com> 0.6
-- 0.6 released
-* Thu Oct 27 2011 Pau Aliagas <linuxnow@gmail.com> 0.5.3-1
-- Update to latest dev version
-- Add PIL dependency for ImageField
-* Wed Oct 12 2011 Pau Aliagas <linuxnow@gmail.com> 0.5.2-1
-- Update version
-* Fri Sep 23 2011 Pau Aliagas <linuxnow@gmail.com> 0.5.0-1
-- Initial version
+* See: http://readthedocs.org/docs/mongoengine-odm/en/latest/changelog.html

setup.cfg

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[aliases]
+test = nosetests
+
+[nosetests]
+verbosity = 2
+detailed-errors = 1
+#with-coverage = 1
+#cover-erase = 1
+#cover-html = 1
+#cover-html-dir = ../htmlcov
+#cover-package = mongoengine
+where = tests
+#tests = test_bugfix.py

setup.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ CLASSIFIERS = [
 
 setup(name='mongoengine',
       version=VERSION,
-      packages=find_packages(),
+      packages=find_packages(exclude=('tests',)),
       author='Harry Marr',
       author_email='harry.marr@{nospam}gmail.com',
       maintainer="Ross Lawley",
@@ -48,6 +48,5 @@ setup(name='mongoengine',
       platforms=['any'],
       classifiers=CLASSIFIERS,
       install_requires=['pymongo'],
-      test_suite='tests',
-      tests_require=['blinker', 'django>=1.3', 'PIL']
+      tests_require=['nose', 'coverage', 'blinker', 'django>=1.3', 'PIL']
 )

tests/test_connection.py

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
-import unittest
+import datetime
 import pymongo
+import unittest
 
 import mongoengine.connection
 
+from bson.tz_util import utc
+
 from mongoengine import *
 from mongoengine.connection import get_db, get_connection, ConnectionError
 
@@ -65,6 +68,31 @@ class ConnectionTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(isinstance(db, pymongo.database.Database))
         self.assertEqual(db.name, 'mongoenginetest2')
 
+    def test_connection_kwargs(self):
+        """Ensure that connection kwargs get passed to pymongo.
+        """
+        connect('mongoenginetest', alias='t1', tz_aware=True)
+        conn = get_connection('t1')
+
+        self.assertTrue(conn.tz_aware)
+
+        connect('mongoenginetest2', alias='t2')
+        conn = get_connection('t2')
+        self.assertFalse(conn.tz_aware)
+
+    def test_datetime(self):
+        connect('mongoenginetest', tz_aware=True)
+        d = datetime.datetime(2010, 5, 5, tzinfo=utc)
+
+        class DateDoc(Document):
+            the_date = DateTimeField(required=True)
+
+        DateDoc.drop_collection()
+        DateDoc(the_date=d).save()
+
+        date_doc = DateDoc.objects.first()
+        self.assertEqual(d, date_doc.the_date)
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()

tests/test_dereference.py

@@ -810,3 +810,56 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         room = Room.objects.first().select_related()
         self.assertEquals(room.staffs_with_position[0]['staff'], sarah)
         self.assertEquals(room.staffs_with_position[1]['staff'], bob)
+
+    def test_document_reload_no_inheritance(self):
+        class Foo(Document):
+            meta = {'allow_inheritance': False}
+            bar = ReferenceField('Bar')
+            baz = ReferenceField('Baz')
+
+        class Bar(Document):
+            meta = {'allow_inheritance': False}
+            msg = StringField(required=True, default='Blammo!')
+
+        class Baz(Document):
+            meta = {'allow_inheritance': False}
+            msg = StringField(required=True, default='Kaboom!')
+
+        Foo.drop_collection()
+        Bar.drop_collection()
+        Baz.drop_collection()
+
+        bar = Bar()
+        bar.save()
+        baz = Baz()
+        baz.save()
+        foo = Foo()
+        foo.bar = bar
+        foo.baz = baz
+        foo.save()
+        foo.reload()
+
+        self.assertEquals(type(foo.bar), Bar)
+        self.assertEquals(type(foo.baz), Baz)
+
+    def test_list_lookup_not_checked_in_map(self):
+        """Ensure we dereference list data correctly
+        """
+        class Comment(Document):
+            id = IntField(primary_key=True)
+            text = StringField()
+
+        class Message(Document):
+            id = IntField(primary_key=True)
+            comments = ListField(ReferenceField(Comment))
+
+        Comment.drop_collection()
+        Message.drop_collection()
+
+        c1 = Comment(id=0, text='zero').save()
+        c2 = Comment(id=1, text='one').save()
+        Message(id=1, comments=[c1, c2]).save()
+
+        msg = Message.objects.get(id=1)
+        self.assertEqual(0, msg.comments[0].id)
+        self.assertEqual(1, msg.comments[1].id)

tests/test_django.py

@@ -103,3 +103,8 @@ class MongoDBSessionTest(SessionTestsMixin, unittest.TestCase):
         MongoSession.drop_collection()
         super(MongoDBSessionTest, self).setUp()
 
+    def test_first_save(self):
+        session = SessionStore()
+        session['test'] = True
+        session.save()
+        self.assertTrue('test' in session)

tests/test_document.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import os
 import pickle
 import pymongo
 import bson
@@ -6,13 +7,15 @@ import warnings
 
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from fixtures import Base, Mixin, PickleEmbedded, PickleTest
+from tests.fixtures import Base, Mixin, PickleEmbedded, PickleTest
 
 from mongoengine import *
 from mongoengine.base import NotRegistered, InvalidDocumentError
 from mongoengine.queryset import InvalidQueryError
 from mongoengine.connection import get_db
 
+TEST_IMAGE_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'mongoengine.png')
+
 
 class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
@@ -661,6 +664,49 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         BlogPost.drop_collection()
 
+    def test_db_field_load(self):
+        """Ensure we load data correctly
+        """
+        class Person(Document):
+            name = StringField(required=True)
+            _rank = StringField(required=False, db_field="rank")
+
+            @property
+            def rank(self):
+                return self._rank or "Private"
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
+        Person(name="Jack", _rank="Corporal").save()
+
+        Person(name="Fred").save()
+
+        self.assertEquals(Person.objects.get(name="Jack").rank, "Corporal")
+        self.assertEquals(Person.objects.get(name="Fred").rank, "Private")
+
+    def test_db_embedded_doc_field_load(self):
+        """Ensure we load embedded document data correctly
+        """
+        class Rank(EmbeddedDocument):
+            title = StringField(required=True)
+
+        class Person(Document):
+            name = StringField(required=True)
+            rank_ = EmbeddedDocumentField(Rank, required=False, db_field='rank')
+
+            @property
+            def rank(self):
+                return self.rank_.title if self.rank_ is not None else "Private"
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
+        Person(name="Jack", rank_=Rank(title="Corporal")).save()
+
+        Person(name="Fred").save()
+
+        self.assertEquals(Person.objects.get(name="Jack").rank, "Corporal")
+        self.assertEquals(Person.objects.get(name="Fred").rank, "Private")
+
     def test_explicit_geo2d_index(self):
         """Ensure that geo2d indexes work when created via meta[indexes]
         """
@@ -741,6 +787,28 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(info.keys(), ['_types_1_user_guid_1', '_id_', '_types_1_name_1'])
         Person.drop_collection()
 
+    def test_disable_index_creation(self):
+        """Tests setting auto_create_index to False on the connection will
+        disable any index generation.
+        """
+        class User(Document):
+            meta = {
+                'indexes': ['user_guid'],
+                'auto_create_index': False
+            }
+            user_guid = StringField(required=True)
+
+
+        User.drop_collection()
+
+        u = User(user_guid='123')
+        u.save()
+
+        self.assertEquals(1, User.objects.count())
+        info = User.objects._collection.index_information()
+        self.assertEqual(info.keys(), ['_id_'])
+        User.drop_collection()
+
     def test_embedded_document_index(self):
         """Tests settings an index on an embedded document
         """
@@ -804,15 +872,26 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_geo_indexes_recursion(self):
 
-        class User(Document):
-            channel = ReferenceField('Channel')
+        class Location(Document):
+            name = StringField()
             location = GeoPointField()
 
-        class Channel(Document):
-            user = ReferenceField('User')
-            location = GeoPointField()
+        class Parent(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            location = ReferenceField(Location)
 
-        self.assertEquals(len(User._geo_indices()), 2)
+        Location.drop_collection()
+        Parent.drop_collection()
+
+        list(Parent.objects)
+
+        collection = Parent._get_collection()
+        info = collection.index_information()
+
+        self.assertFalse('location_2d' in info)
+
+        self.assertEquals(len(Parent._geo_indices()), 0)
+        self.assertEquals(len(Location._geo_indices()), 1)
 
     def test_covered_index(self):
         """Ensure that covered indexes can be used
@@ -842,6 +921,26 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         query_plan = Test.objects(a=1).only('a').exclude('id').explain()
         self.assertTrue(query_plan['indexOnly'])
 
+    def test_index_on_id(self):
+
+        class BlogPost(Document):
+            meta = {
+                'indexes': [
+                    ['categories', 'id']
+                ],
+                'allow_inheritance': False
+            }
+
+            title = StringField(required=True)
+            description = StringField(required=True)
+            categories = ListField()
+
+        BlogPost.drop_collection()
+
+        indexes = BlogPost.objects._collection.index_information()
+        self.assertEquals(indexes['categories_1__id_1']['key'],
+                                 [('categories', 1), ('_id', 1)])
+
     def test_hint(self):
 
         class BlogPost(Document):
@@ -1217,6 +1316,22 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         comment.date = datetime.now()
         comment.validate()
 
+    def test_embedded_db_field_validate(self):
+
+        class SubDoc(EmbeddedDocument):
+            val = IntField()
+
+        class Doc(Document):
+            e = EmbeddedDocumentField(SubDoc, db_field='eb')
+
+        Doc.drop_collection()
+
+        Doc(e=SubDoc(val=15)).save()
+
+        doc = Doc.objects.first()
+        doc.validate()
+        self.assertEquals([None, 'e'], doc._data.keys())
+
     def test_save(self):
         """Ensure that a document may be saved in the database.
         """
@@ -1286,6 +1401,30 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         p0.name = 'wpjunior'
         p0.save()
 
+    def test_save_max_recursion_not_hit_with_file_field(self):
+
+        class Foo(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            picture = FileField()
+            bar = ReferenceField('self')
+
+        Foo.drop_collection()
+
+        a = Foo(name='hello')
+        a.save()
+
+        a.bar = a
+        a.picture = open(TEST_IMAGE_PATH, 'rb')
+        a.save()
+
+        # Confirm can save and it resets the changed fields without hitting
+        # max recursion error
+        b = Foo.objects.with_id(a.id)
+        b.name='world'
+        b.save()
+
+        self.assertEquals(b.picture, b.bar.picture, b.bar.bar.picture)
+
     def test_save_cascades(self):
 
         class Person(Document):
@@ -1549,6 +1688,77 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         site = Site.objects.first()
         self.assertEqual(site.page.log_message, "Error: Dummy message")
 
+    def test_circular_reference_deltas(self):
+
+        class Person(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            owns = ListField(ReferenceField('Organization'))
+
+        class Organization(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            owner = ReferenceField('Person')
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+        Organization.drop_collection()
+
+        person = Person(name="owner")
+        person.save()
+        organization = Organization(name="company")
+        organization.save()
+
+        person.owns.append(organization)
+        organization.owner = person
+
+        person.save()
+        organization.save()
+
+        p = Person.objects[0].select_related()
+        o = Organization.objects.first()
+        self.assertEquals(p.owns[0], o)
+        self.assertEquals(o.owner, p)
+
+    def test_circular_reference_deltas_2(self):
+
+        class Person( Document ):
+           name = StringField()
+           owns = ListField( ReferenceField( 'Organization' ) )
+           employer = ReferenceField( 'Organization' )
+
+        class Organization( Document ):
+           name = StringField()
+           owner = ReferenceField( 'Person' )
+           employees = ListField( ReferenceField( 'Person' ) )
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+        Organization.drop_collection()
+
+        person = Person( name="owner" )
+        person.save()
+
+        employee = Person( name="employee" )
+        employee.save()
+
+        organization = Organization( name="company" )
+        organization.save()
+
+        person.owns.append( organization )
+        organization.owner = person
+
+        organization.employees.append( employee )
+        employee.employer = organization
+
+        person.save()
+        organization.save()
+        employee.save()
+
+        p = Person.objects.get(name="owner")
+        e = Person.objects.get(name="employee")
+        o = Organization.objects.first()
+
+        self.assertEquals(p.owns[0], o)
+        self.assertEquals(o.owner, p)
+        self.assertEquals(e.employer, o)
+
     def test_delta(self):
 
         class Doc(Document):
@@ -2376,6 +2586,22 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertRaises(InvalidDocumentError, throw_invalid_document_error)
 
+    def test_invalid_son(self):
+        """Raise an error if loading invalid data"""
+        class Occurrence(EmbeddedDocument):
+            number = IntField()
+
+        class Word(Document):
+            stem = StringField()
+            count = IntField(default=1)
+            forms = ListField(StringField(), default=list)
+            occurs = ListField(EmbeddedDocumentField(Occurrence), default=list)
+
+        def raise_invalid_document():
+            Word._from_son({'stem': [1,2,3], 'forms': 1, 'count': 'one', 'occurs': {"hello": None}})
+
+        self.assertRaises(InvalidDocumentError, raise_invalid_document)
+
     def test_reverse_delete_rule_cascade_and_nullify(self):
         """Ensure that a referenced document is also deleted upon deletion.
         """
@@ -2438,6 +2664,40 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         author.delete()
         self.assertEqual(len(BlogPost.objects), 0)
 
+    def test_two_way_reverse_delete_rule(self):
+        """Ensure that Bi-Directional relationships work with
+        reverse_delete_rule
+        """
+
+        class Bar(Document):
+            content = StringField()
+            foo = ReferenceField('Foo')
+
+        class Foo(Document):
+            content = StringField()
+            bar = ReferenceField(Bar)
+
+        Bar.register_delete_rule(Foo, 'bar', NULLIFY)
+        Foo.register_delete_rule(Bar, 'foo', NULLIFY)
+
+
+        Bar.drop_collection()
+        Foo.drop_collection()
+
+        b = Bar(content="Hello")
+        b.save()
+
+        f = Foo(content="world", bar=b)
+        f.save()
+
+        b.foo = f
+        b.save()
+
+        f.delete()
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(Bar.objects), 1)  # No effect on the BlogPost
+        self.assertEqual(Bar.objects.get().foo, None)
+
     def test_invalid_reverse_delete_rules_raise_errors(self):
 
         def throw_invalid_document_error():
@@ -2739,7 +2999,7 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(User.objects.first(), bob)
         self.assertEqual(Book.objects.first(), hp)
 
-        # DeRefecence
+        # DeReference
         class AuthorBooks(Document):
             author = ReferenceField(User)
             book = ReferenceField(Book)
@@ -2767,6 +3027,18 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(Book._get_collection(), get_db("testdb-2")[Book._get_collection_name()])
         self.assertEqual(AuthorBooks._get_collection(), get_db("testdb-3")[AuthorBooks._get_collection_name()])
 
+    def test_db_alias_propagates(self):
+        """db_alias propagates?
+        """
+        class A(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            meta = {"db_alias": "testdb-1", "allow_inheritance": True}
+
+        class B(A):
+            pass
+
+        self.assertEquals('testdb-1', B._meta.get('db_alias'))
+
     def test_db_ref_usage(self):
         """ DB Ref usage in __raw__ queries """
 
@@ -2839,5 +3111,114 @@ class DocumentTest(unittest.TestCase):
                                         }
                                     ) ]), "1,2")
 
+
+class ValidatorErrorTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_to_dict(self):
+        """Ensure a ValidationError handles error to_dict correctly.
+        """
+        error = ValidationError('root')
+        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict(), {})
+
+        # 1st level error schema
+        error.errors = {'1st': ValidationError('bad 1st'), }
+        self.assertTrue('1st' in error.to_dict())
+        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict()['1st'], 'bad 1st')
+
+        # 2nd level error schema
+        error.errors = {'1st': ValidationError('bad 1st', errors={
+            '2nd': ValidationError('bad 2nd'),
+        })}
+        self.assertTrue('1st' in error.to_dict())
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(error.to_dict()['1st'], dict))
+        self.assertTrue('2nd' in error.to_dict()['1st'])
+        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd'], 'bad 2nd')
+
+        # moar levels
+        error.errors = {'1st': ValidationError('bad 1st', errors={
+            '2nd': ValidationError('bad 2nd', errors={
+                '3rd': ValidationError('bad 3rd', errors={
+                    '4th': ValidationError('Inception'),
+                }),
+            }),
+        })}
+        self.assertTrue('1st' in error.to_dict())
+        self.assertTrue('2nd' in error.to_dict()['1st'])
+        self.assertTrue('3rd' in error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd'])
+        self.assertTrue('4th' in error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd']['3rd'])
+        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd']['3rd']['4th'],
+                         'Inception')
+
+        self.assertEquals(error.message, "root(2nd.3rd.4th.Inception: ['1st'])")
+
+    def test_model_validation(self):
+
+        class User(Document):
+            username = StringField(primary_key=True)
+            name = StringField(required=True)
+
+        try:
+            User().validate()
+        except ValidationError, e:
+            expected_error_message = """ValidationError(Field is required: ['username', 'name'])"""
+            self.assertEquals(e.message, expected_error_message)
+            self.assertEquals(e.to_dict(), {
+                'username': 'Field is required',
+                'name': 'Field is required'})
+
+    def test_spaces_in_keys(self):
+
+        class Embedded(DynamicEmbeddedDocument):
+            pass
+
+        class Doc(DynamicDocument):
+            pass
+
+        Doc.drop_collection()
+        doc = Doc()
+        setattr(doc, 'hello world', 1)
+        doc.save()
+
+        one = Doc.objects.filter(**{'hello world': 1}).count()
+        self.assertEqual(1, one)
+
+
+    def test_fields_rewrite(self):
+        class BasePerson(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            age = IntField()
+            meta = {'abstract': True}
+
+        class Person(BasePerson):
+            name = StringField(required=True)
+
+
+        p = Person(age=15)
+        self.assertRaises(ValidationError, p.validate)
+
+    def test_cascaded_save_wrong_reference(self):
+
+        class ADocument(Document):
+            val = IntField()
+
+        class BDocument(Document):
+            a = ReferenceField(ADocument)
+
+        ADocument.drop_collection()
+        BDocument.drop_collection()
+
+        a = ADocument()
+        a.val = 15
+        a.save()
+
+        b = BDocument()
+        b.a = a
+        b.save()
+
+        a.delete()
+
+        b = BDocument.objects.first()
+        b.save(cascade=True)
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()

tests/test_fields.py

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@ import datetime
 import os
 import unittest
 import uuid
+import StringIO
+import tempfile
+import gridfs
 
+from bson import Binary
 from decimal import Decimal
 
 from mongoengine import *
@@ -18,6 +22,10 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         connect(db='mongoenginetest')
         self.db = get_db()
 
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self.db.drop_collection('fs.files')
+        self.db.drop_collection('fs.chunks')
+
     def test_default_values(self):
         """Ensure that default field values are used when creating a document.
         """
@@ -75,7 +83,6 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # Retrive data from db and verify it.
         ret = HandleNoneFields.objects.all()[0]
-
         self.assertEqual(ret.str_fld, None)
         self.assertEqual(ret.int_fld, None)
         self.assertEqual(ret.flt_fld, None)
@@ -121,6 +128,19 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertRaises(ValidationError, ret.validate)
 
+    def test_int_and_float_ne_operator(self):
+        class TestDocument(Document):
+            int_fld = IntField()
+            float_fld = FloatField()
+
+        TestDocument.drop_collection()
+
+        TestDocument(int_fld=None, float_fld=None).save()
+        TestDocument(int_fld=1, float_fld=1).save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(1, TestDocument.objects(int_fld__ne=None).count())
+        self.assertEqual(1, TestDocument.objects(float_fld__ne=None).count())
+
     def test_object_id_validation(self):
         """Ensure that invalid values cannot be assigned to string fields.
         """
@@ -252,26 +272,55 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         person.admin = 'Yes'
         self.assertRaises(ValidationError, person.validate)
 
-    def test_uuid_validation(self):
-        """Ensure that invalid values cannot be assigned to UUID fields.
+    def test_uuid_field_string(self):
+        """Test UUID fields storing as String
         """
         class Person(Document):
-            api_key = UUIDField()
+            api_key = UUIDField(binary=False)
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
+        uu = uuid.uuid4()
+        Person(api_key=uu).save()
+        self.assertEqual(1, Person.objects(api_key=uu).count())
 
         person = Person()
-        # any uuid type is valid
-        person.api_key = uuid.uuid4()
-        person.validate()
-        person.api_key = uuid.uuid1()
+        valid = (uuid.uuid4(), uuid.uuid1())
+        for api_key in valid:
+            person.api_key = api_key
             person.validate()
 
-        # last g cannot belong to an hex number
-        person.api_key = '9d159858-549b-4975-9f98-dd2f987c113g'
+        invalid = ('9d159858-549b-4975-9f98-dd2f987c113g',
+                   '9d159858-549b-4975-9f98-dd2f987c113')
+        for api_key in invalid:
+            person.api_key = api_key
             self.assertRaises(ValidationError, person.validate)
-        # short strings don't validate
-        person.api_key = '9d159858-549b-4975-9f98-dd2f987c113'
+
+    def test_uuid_field_binary(self):
+        """Test UUID fields storing as Binary object
+        """
+        class Person(Document):
+            api_key = UUIDField(binary=True)
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
+        uu = uuid.uuid4()
+        Person(api_key=uu).save()
+        self.assertEqual(1, Person.objects(api_key=uu).count())
+
+        person = Person()
+        valid = (uuid.uuid4(), uuid.uuid1())
+        for api_key in valid:
+            person.api_key = api_key
+            person.validate()
+
+        invalid = ('9d159858-549b-4975-9f98-dd2f987c113g',
+                   '9d159858-549b-4975-9f98-dd2f987c113')
+        for api_key in invalid:
+            person.api_key = api_key
             self.assertRaises(ValidationError, person.validate)
 
+
     def test_datetime_validation(self):
         """Ensure that invalid values cannot be assigned to datetime fields.
         """
@@ -339,24 +388,6 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertNotEquals(log.date, d1)
         self.assertEquals(log.date, d2)
 
-        # Pre UTC microseconds above 1000 is wonky.
-        # log.date has an invalid microsecond value so I can't construct
-        # a date to compare.
-        #
-        # However, the timedelta is predicable with pre UTC timestamps
-        # It always adds 16 seconds and [777216-776217] microseconds
-        for i in xrange(1001, 3113, 33):
-            d1 = datetime.datetime(1969, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, i)
-            log.date = d1
-            log.save()
-            log.reload()
-            self.assertNotEquals(log.date, d1)
-
-            delta = log.date - d1
-            self.assertEquals(delta.seconds, 16)
-            microseconds = 777216 - (i % 1000)
-            self.assertEquals(delta.microseconds, microseconds)
-
         LogEntry.drop_collection()
 
     def test_complexdatetime_storage(self):
@@ -906,6 +937,61 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         Extensible.drop_collection()
 
+    def test_embedded_mapfield_db_field(self):
+
+        class Embedded(EmbeddedDocument):
+            number = IntField(default=0, db_field='i')
+
+        class Test(Document):
+            my_map = MapField(field=EmbeddedDocumentField(Embedded), db_field='x')
+
+        Test.drop_collection()
+
+        test = Test()
+        test.my_map['DICTIONARY_KEY'] = Embedded(number=1)
+        test.save()
+
+        Test.objects.update_one(inc__my_map__DICTIONARY_KEY__number=1)
+
+        test = Test.objects.get()
+        self.assertEqual(test.my_map['DICTIONARY_KEY'].number, 2)
+        doc = self.db.test.find_one()
+        self.assertEqual(doc['x']['DICTIONARY_KEY']['i'], 2)
+
+    def test_map_field_lookup(self):
+        """Ensure MapField lookups succeed on Fields without a lookup method"""
+
+        class Log(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            visited = MapField(DateTimeField())
+
+        Log.drop_collection()
+        Log(name="wilson", visited={'friends': datetime.datetime.now()}).save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(1, Log.objects(
+                                visited__friends__exists=True).count())
+
+    def test_embedded_db_field(self):
+
+        class Embedded(EmbeddedDocument):
+            number = IntField(default=0, db_field='i')
+
+        class Test(Document):
+            embedded = EmbeddedDocumentField(Embedded, db_field='x')
+
+        Test.drop_collection()
+
+        test = Test()
+        test.embedded = Embedded(number=1)
+        test.save()
+
+        Test.objects.update_one(inc__embedded__number=1)
+
+        test = Test.objects.get()
+        self.assertEqual(test.embedded.number, 2)
+        doc = self.db.test.find_one()
+        self.assertEqual(doc['x']['i'], 2)
+
     def test_embedded_document_validation(self):
         """Ensure that invalid embedded documents cannot be assigned to
         embedded document fields.
@@ -1300,6 +1386,74 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEquals(repr(Person.objects(city=None)),
                             "[<Person: Person object>]")
 
+
+    def test_generic_reference_choices(self):
+        """Ensure that a GenericReferenceField can handle choices
+        """
+        class Link(Document):
+            title = StringField()
+
+        class Post(Document):
+            title = StringField()
+
+        class Bookmark(Document):
+            bookmark_object = GenericReferenceField(choices=(Post,))
+
+        Link.drop_collection()
+        Post.drop_collection()
+        Bookmark.drop_collection()
+
+        link_1 = Link(title="Pitchfork")
+        link_1.save()
+
+        post_1 = Post(title="Behind the Scenes of the Pavement Reunion")
+        post_1.save()
+
+        bm = Bookmark(bookmark_object=link_1)
+        self.assertRaises(ValidationError, bm.validate)
+
+        bm = Bookmark(bookmark_object=post_1)
+        bm.save()
+
+        bm = Bookmark.objects.first()
+        self.assertEqual(bm.bookmark_object, post_1)
+
+    def test_generic_reference_list_choices(self):
+        """Ensure that a ListField properly dereferences generic references and
+        respects choices.
+        """
+        class Link(Document):
+            title = StringField()
+
+        class Post(Document):
+            title = StringField()
+
+        class User(Document):
+            bookmarks = ListField(GenericReferenceField(choices=(Post,)))
+
+        Link.drop_collection()
+        Post.drop_collection()
+        User.drop_collection()
+
+        link_1 = Link(title="Pitchfork")
+        link_1.save()
+
+        post_1 = Post(title="Behind the Scenes of the Pavement Reunion")
+        post_1.save()
+
+        user = User(bookmarks=[link_1])
+        self.assertRaises(ValidationError, user.validate)
+
+        user = User(bookmarks=[post_1])
+        user.save()
+
+        user = User.objects.first()
+        self.assertEqual(user.bookmarks, [post_1])
+
+        Link.drop_collection()
+        Post.drop_collection()
+        User.drop_collection()
+
     def test_binary_fields(self):
         """Ensure that binary fields can be stored and retrieved.
         """
@@ -1317,7 +1471,7 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         attachment_1 = Attachment.objects().first()
         self.assertEqual(MIME_TYPE, attachment_1.content_type)
-        self.assertEqual(BLOB, attachment_1.blob)
+        self.assertEqual(BLOB, str(attachment_1.blob))
 
         Attachment.drop_collection()
 
@@ -1344,7 +1498,7 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         attachment_required = AttachmentRequired()
         self.assertRaises(ValidationError, attachment_required.validate)
-        attachment_required.blob = '\xe6\x00\xc4\xff\x07'
+        attachment_required.blob = Binary('\xe6\x00\xc4\xff\x07')
         attachment_required.validate()
 
         attachment_size_limit = AttachmentSizeLimit(blob='\xe6\x00\xc4\xff\x07')
@@ -1356,6 +1510,18 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         AttachmentRequired.drop_collection()
         AttachmentSizeLimit.drop_collection()
 
+    def test_binary_field_primary(self):
+
+        class Attachment(Document):
+            id = BinaryField(primary_key=True)
+
+        Attachment.drop_collection()
+
+        att = Attachment(id=uuid.uuid4().bytes).save()
+        att.delete()
+
+        self.assertEqual(0, Attachment.objects.count())
+
     def test_choices_validation(self):
         """Ensure that value is in a container of allowed values.
         """
@@ -1456,13 +1622,13 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         """Ensure that file fields can be written to and their data retrieved
         """
         class PutFile(Document):
-            file = FileField()
+            the_file = FileField()
 
         class StreamFile(Document):
-            file = FileField()
+            the_file = FileField()
 
         class SetFile(Document):
-            file = FileField()
+            the_file = FileField()
 
         text = 'Hello, World!'
         more_text = 'Foo Bar'
@@ -1473,53 +1639,68 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         SetFile.drop_collection()
 
         putfile = PutFile()
-        putfile.file.put(text, content_type=content_type)
+        putfile.the_file.put(text, content_type=content_type)
         putfile.save()
         putfile.validate()
         result = PutFile.objects.first()
         self.assertTrue(putfile == result)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.read(), text)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.content_type, content_type)
-        result.file.delete() # Remove file from GridFS
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(), text)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.content_type, content_type)
+        result.the_file.delete() # Remove file from GridFS
+        PutFile.objects.delete()
+
+        # Ensure file-like objects are stored
+        putfile = PutFile()
+        putstring = StringIO.StringIO()
+        putstring.write(text)
+        putstring.seek(0)
+        putfile.the_file.put(putstring, content_type=content_type)
+        putfile.save()
+        putfile.validate()
+        result = PutFile.objects.first()
+        self.assertTrue(putfile == result)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(), text)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.content_type, content_type)
+        result.the_file.delete()
 
         streamfile = StreamFile()
-        streamfile.file.new_file(content_type=content_type)
-        streamfile.file.write(text)
-        streamfile.file.write(more_text)
-        streamfile.file.close()
+        streamfile.the_file.new_file(content_type=content_type)
+        streamfile.the_file.write(text)
+        streamfile.the_file.write(more_text)
+        streamfile.the_file.close()
         streamfile.save()
         streamfile.validate()
         result = StreamFile.objects.first()
         self.assertTrue(streamfile == result)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.read(), text + more_text)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.content_type, content_type)
-        result.file.seek(0)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.tell(), 0)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.read(len(text)), text)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.tell(), len(text))
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.read(len(more_text)), more_text)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.tell(), len(text + more_text))
-        result.file.delete()
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(), text + more_text)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.content_type, content_type)
+        result.the_file.seek(0)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.tell(), 0)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(len(text)), text)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.tell(), len(text))
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(len(more_text)), more_text)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.tell(), len(text + more_text))
+        result.the_file.delete()
 
         # Ensure deleted file returns None
-        self.assertTrue(result.file.read() == None)
+        self.assertTrue(result.the_file.read() == None)
 
         setfile = SetFile()
-        setfile.file = text
+        setfile.the_file = text
         setfile.save()
         setfile.validate()
         result = SetFile.objects.first()
         self.assertTrue(setfile == result)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.read(), text)
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(), text)
 
         # Try replacing file with new one
-        result.file.replace(more_text)
+        result.the_file.replace(more_text)
         result.save()
         result.validate()
         result = SetFile.objects.first()
         self.assertTrue(setfile == result)
-        self.assertEquals(result.file.read(), more_text)
-        result.file.delete()
+        self.assertEquals(result.the_file.read(), more_text)
+        result.the_file.delete()
 
         PutFile.drop_collection()
         StreamFile.drop_collection()
@@ -1527,28 +1708,71 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # Make sure FileField is optional and not required
         class DemoFile(Document):
-            file = FileField()
+            the_file = FileField()
         DemoFile.objects.create()
 
+
+    def test_file_field_no_default(self):
+
+        class GridDocument(Document):
+            the_file = FileField()
+
+        GridDocument.drop_collection()
+
+        with tempfile.TemporaryFile() as f:
+            f.write("Hello World!")
+            f.flush()
+
+            # Test without default
+            doc_a = GridDocument()
+            doc_a.save()
+
+
+            doc_b = GridDocument.objects.with_id(doc_a.id)
+            doc_b.the_file.replace(f, filename='doc_b')
+            doc_b.save()
+            self.assertNotEquals(doc_b.the_file.grid_id, None)
+
+            # Test it matches
+            doc_c = GridDocument.objects.with_id(doc_b.id)
+            self.assertEquals(doc_b.the_file.grid_id, doc_c.the_file.grid_id)
+
+            # Test with default
+            doc_d = GridDocument(the_file='')
+            doc_d.save()
+
+            doc_e = GridDocument.objects.with_id(doc_d.id)
+            self.assertEquals(doc_d.the_file.grid_id, doc_e.the_file.grid_id)
+
+            doc_e.the_file.replace(f, filename='doc_e')
+            doc_e.save()
+
+            doc_f = GridDocument.objects.with_id(doc_e.id)
+            self.assertEquals(doc_e.the_file.grid_id, doc_f.the_file.grid_id)
+
+        db = GridDocument._get_db()
+        grid_fs = gridfs.GridFS(db)
+        self.assertEquals(['doc_b', 'doc_e'], grid_fs.list())
+
     def test_file_uniqueness(self):
         """Ensure that each instance of a FileField is unique
         """
         class TestFile(Document):
             name = StringField()
-            file = FileField()
+            the_file = FileField()
 
         # First instance
-        testfile = TestFile()
-        testfile.name = "Hello, World!"
-        testfile.file.put('Hello, World!')
-        testfile.save()
+        test_file = TestFile()
+        test_file.name = "Hello, World!"
+        test_file.the_file.put('Hello, World!')
+        test_file.save()
 
         # Second instance
-        testfiledupe = TestFile()
-        data = testfiledupe.file.read() # Should be None
+        test_file_dupe = TestFile()
+        data = test_file_dupe.the_file.read() # Should be None
 
-        self.assertTrue(testfile.name != testfiledupe.name)
-        self.assertTrue(testfile.file.read() != data)
+        self.assertTrue(test_file.name != test_file_dupe.name)
+        self.assertTrue(test_file.the_file.read() != data)
 
         TestFile.drop_collection()
 
@@ -1556,17 +1780,25 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         """Ensure that a boolean test of a FileField indicates its presence
         """
         class TestFile(Document):
-            file = FileField()
+            the_file = FileField()
 
-        testfile = TestFile()
-        self.assertFalse(bool(testfile.file))
-        testfile.file = 'Hello, World!'
-        testfile.file.content_type = 'text/plain'
-        testfile.save()
-        self.assertTrue(bool(testfile.file))
+        test_file = TestFile()
+        self.assertFalse(bool(test_file.the_file))
+        test_file.the_file = 'Hello, World!'
+        test_file.the_file.content_type = 'text/plain'
+        test_file.save()
+        self.assertTrue(bool(test_file.the_file))
 
         TestFile.drop_collection()
 
+    def test_file_cmp(self):
+        """Test comparing against other types"""
+        class TestFile(Document):
+            the_file = FileField()
+
+        test_file = TestFile()
+        self.assertFalse(test_file.the_file in [{"test": 1}])
+
     def test_image_field(self):
 
         class TestImage(Document):
@@ -1630,30 +1862,30 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
     def test_file_multidb(self):
-        register_connection('testfiles', 'testfiles')
+        register_connection('test_files', 'test_files')
         class TestFile(Document):
             name = StringField()
-            file = FileField(db_alias="testfiles",
+            the_file = FileField(db_alias="test_files",
                                  collection_name="macumba")
 
         TestFile.drop_collection()
 
         # delete old filesystem
-        get_db("testfiles").macumba.files.drop()
-        get_db("testfiles").macumba.chunks.drop()
+        get_db("test_files").macumba.files.drop()
+        get_db("test_files").macumba.chunks.drop()
 
         # First instance
-        testfile = TestFile()
-        testfile.name = "Hello, World!"
-        testfile.file.put('Hello, World!',
+        test_file = TestFile()
+        test_file.name = "Hello, World!"
+        test_file.the_file.put('Hello, World!',
                           name="hello.txt")
-        testfile.save()
+        test_file.save()
 
-        data = get_db("testfiles").macumba.files.find_one()
+        data = get_db("test_files").macumba.files.find_one()
         self.assertEquals(data.get('name'), 'hello.txt')
 
-        testfile = TestFile.objects.first()
-        self.assertEquals(testfile.file.read(),
+        test_file = TestFile.objects.first()
+        self.assertEquals(test_file.the_file.read(),
                           'Hello, World!')
 
     def test_geo_indexes(self):
@@ -1828,6 +2060,8 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
             name = StringField()
             like = GenericEmbeddedDocumentField()
 
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
         person = Person(name='Test User')
         person.like = Car(name='Fiat')
         person.save()
@@ -1841,6 +2075,59 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         person = Person.objects.first()
         self.assertTrue(isinstance(person.like, Dish))
 
+    def test_generic_embedded_document_choices(self):
+        """Ensure you can limit GenericEmbeddedDocument choices
+        """
+        class Car(EmbeddedDocument):
+            name = StringField()
+
+        class Dish(EmbeddedDocument):
+            food = StringField(required=True)
+            number = IntField()
+
+        class Person(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            like = GenericEmbeddedDocumentField(choices=(Dish,))
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
+        person = Person(name='Test User')
+        person.like = Car(name='Fiat')
+        self.assertRaises(ValidationError, person.validate)
+
+        person.like = Dish(food="arroz", number=15)
+        person.save()
+
+        person = Person.objects.first()
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(person.like, Dish))
+
+    def test_generic_list_embedded_document_choices(self):
+        """Ensure you can limit GenericEmbeddedDocument choices inside a list
+        field
+        """
+        class Car(EmbeddedDocument):
+            name = StringField()
+
+        class Dish(EmbeddedDocument):
+            food = StringField(required=True)
+            number = IntField()
+
+        class Person(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            likes = ListField(GenericEmbeddedDocumentField(choices=(Dish,)))
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+
+        person = Person(name='Test User')
+        person.likes = [Car(name='Fiat')]
+        self.assertRaises(ValidationError, person.validate)
+
+        person.likes = [Dish(food="arroz", number=15)]
+        person.save()
+
+        person = Person.objects.first()
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(person.likes[0], Dish))
+
     def test_recursive_validation(self):
         """Ensure that a validation result to_dict is available.
         """
@@ -1880,49 +2167,11 @@ class FieldTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(1 in error_dict['comments'])
         self.assertTrue('content' in error_dict['comments'][1])
         self.assertEquals(error_dict['comments'][1]['content'],
-                          u'Field is required ("content")')
+                          'Field is required')
 
         post.comments[1].content = 'here we go'
         post.validate()
 
 
-class ValidatorErrorTest(unittest.TestCase):
-
-    def test_to_dict(self):
-        """Ensure a ValidationError handles error to_dict correctly.
-        """
-        error = ValidationError('root')
-        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict(), {})
-
-        # 1st level error schema
-        error.errors = {'1st': ValidationError('bad 1st'), }
-        self.assertTrue('1st' in error.to_dict())
-        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict()['1st'], 'bad 1st')
-
-        # 2nd level error schema
-        error.errors = {'1st': ValidationError('bad 1st', errors={
-            '2nd': ValidationError('bad 2nd'),
-        })}
-        self.assertTrue('1st' in error.to_dict())
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(error.to_dict()['1st'], dict))
-        self.assertTrue('2nd' in error.to_dict()['1st'])
-        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd'], 'bad 2nd')
-
-        # moar levels
-        error.errors = {'1st': ValidationError('bad 1st', errors={
-            '2nd': ValidationError('bad 2nd', errors={
-                '3rd': ValidationError('bad 3rd', errors={
-                    '4th': ValidationError('Inception'),
-                }),
-            }),
-        })}
-        self.assertTrue('1st' in error.to_dict())
-        self.assertTrue('2nd' in error.to_dict()['1st'])
-        self.assertTrue('3rd' in error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd'])
-        self.assertTrue('4th' in error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd']['3rd'])
-        self.assertEquals(error.to_dict()['1st']['2nd']['3rd']['4th'],
-                          'Inception')
-
-
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()

tests/test_queryset.py

@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(person.name, "User C")
 
     def test_bulk_insert(self):
-        """Ensure that query by array position works.
+        """Ensure that bulk insert works
         """
 
         class Comment(EmbeddedDocument):
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
             comments = ListField(EmbeddedDocumentField(Comment))
 
         class Blog(Document):
-            title = StringField()
+            title = StringField(unique=True)
             tags = ListField(StringField())
             posts = ListField(EmbeddedDocumentField(Post))
 
@@ -563,6 +563,81 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         obj_id = Blog.objects.insert(blog1, load_bulk=False)
         self.assertEquals(obj_id.__class__.__name__, 'ObjectId')
 
+        Blog.drop_collection()
+        post3 = Post(comments=[comment1, comment1])
+        blog1 = Blog(title="foo", posts=[post1, post2])
+        blog2 = Blog(title="bar", posts=[post2, post3])
+        blog3 = Blog(title="baz", posts=[post1, post2])
+        Blog.objects.insert([blog1, blog2])
+
+        def throw_operation_error_not_unique():
+            Blog.objects.insert([blog2, blog3], safe=True)
+
+        self.assertRaises(OperationError, throw_operation_error_not_unique)
+        self.assertEqual(Blog.objects.count(), 2)
+
+        Blog.objects.insert([blog2, blog3], write_options={'continue_on_error': True})
+        self.assertEqual(Blog.objects.count(), 3)
+
+    def test_get_changed_fields_query_count(self):
+
+        class Person(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            owns = ListField(ReferenceField('Organization'))
+            projects = ListField(ReferenceField('Project'))
+
+        class Organization(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            owner = ReferenceField('Person')
+            employees = ListField(ReferenceField('Person'))
+
+        class Project(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+
+        Person.drop_collection()
+        Organization.drop_collection()
+        Project.drop_collection()
+
+        r1 = Project(name="r1").save()
+        r2 = Project(name="r2").save()
+        r3 = Project(name="r3").save()
+        p1 = Person(name="p1", projects=[r1, r2]).save()
+        p2 = Person(name="p2", projects=[r2]).save()
+        o1 = Organization(name="o1", employees=[p1]).save()
+
+        with query_counter() as q:
+            self.assertEqual(q, 0)
+
+            fresh_o1 = Organization.objects.get(id=o1.id)
+            self.assertEqual(1, q)
+            fresh_o1._get_changed_fields()
+            self.assertEqual(1, q)
+
+        with query_counter() as q:
+            self.assertEqual(q, 0)
+
+            fresh_o1 = Organization.objects.get(id=o1.id)
+            fresh_o1.save()
+
+            self.assertEquals(q, 2)
+
+        with query_counter() as q:
+            self.assertEqual(q, 0)
+
+            fresh_o1 = Organization.objects.get(id=o1.id)
+            fresh_o1.save(cascade=False)
+
+            self.assertEquals(q, 2)
+
+        with query_counter() as q:
+            self.assertEqual(q, 0)
+
+            fresh_o1 = Organization.objects.get(id=o1.id)
+            fresh_o1.employees.append(p2)
+            fresh_o1.save(cascade=False)
+
+            self.assertEquals(q, 3)
+
     def test_slave_okay(self):
         """Ensures that a query can take slave_okay syntax
         """
@@ -619,17 +694,38 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(people1, people2)
         self.assertEqual(people1, people3)
 
-    def test_repr_iteration(self):
-        """Ensure that QuerySet __repr__ can handle loops
-        """
-        self.Person(name='Person 1').save()
-        self.Person(name='Person 2').save()
+    def test_repr(self):
+        """Test repr behavior isnt destructive"""
 
-        queryset = self.Person.objects
-        self.assertEquals('[<Person: Person object>, <Person: Person object>]', repr(queryset))
-        for person in queryset:
-            self.assertEquals('.. queryset mid-iteration ..', repr(queryset))
+        class Doc(Document):
+            number = IntField()
 
+            def __repr__(self):
+               return "<Doc: %s>" % self.number
+
+        Doc.drop_collection()
+
+        for i in xrange(1000):
+            Doc(number=i).save()
+
+        docs = Doc.objects.order_by('number')
+
+        self.assertEquals(docs.count(), 1000)
+        self.assertEquals(len(docs), 1000)
+
+        docs_string = "%s" % docs
+        self.assertTrue("Doc: 0" in docs_string)
+
+        self.assertEquals(docs.count(), 1000)
+        self.assertEquals(len(docs), 1000)
+
+        # Limit and skip
+        self.assertEquals('[<Doc: 1>, <Doc: 2>, <Doc: 3>]', "%s" % docs[1:4])
+
+        self.assertEquals(docs.count(), 3)
+        self.assertEquals(len(docs), 3)
+        for doc in docs:
+            self.assertEqual('.. queryset mid-iteration ..', repr(docs))
 
     def test_regex_query_shortcuts(self):
         """Ensure that contains, startswith, endswith, etc work.
@@ -1327,6 +1423,37 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.Person.objects(name='Test User').delete()
         self.assertEqual(1, BlogPost.objects.count())
 
+    def test_reverse_delete_rule_cascade_self_referencing(self):
+        """Ensure self-referencing CASCADE deletes do not result in infinite loop
+        """
+        class Category(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+            parent = ReferenceField('self', reverse_delete_rule=CASCADE)
+
+        num_children = 3
+        base = Category(name='Root')
+        base.save()
+
+        # Create a simple parent-child tree
+        for i in range(num_children):
+            child_name = 'Child-%i' % i
+            child = Category(name=child_name, parent=base)
+            child.save()
+
+            for i in range(num_children):
+                child_child_name = 'Child-Child-%i' % i
+                child_child = Category(name=child_child_name, parent=child)
+                child_child.save()
+
+        tree_size = 1 + num_children + (num_children * num_children)
+        self.assertEquals(tree_size, Category.objects.count())
+        self.assertEquals(num_children, Category.objects(parent=base).count())
+
+        # The delete should effectively wipe out the Category collection
+        # without resulting in infinite parent-child cascade recursion
+        base.delete()
+        self.assertEquals(0, Category.objects.count())
+
     def test_reverse_delete_rule_nullify(self):
         """Ensure nullification of references to deleted documents.
         """
@@ -1371,6 +1498,36 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertRaises(OperationError, self.Person.objects.delete)
 
+    def test_reverse_delete_rule_pull(self):
+        """Ensure pulling of references to deleted documents.
+        """
+        class BlogPost(Document):
+            content = StringField()
+            authors = ListField(ReferenceField(self.Person,
+                reverse_delete_rule=PULL))
+
+        BlogPost.drop_collection()
+        self.Person.drop_collection()
+
+        me = self.Person(name='Test User')
+        me.save()
+
+        someoneelse = self.Person(name='Some-one Else')
+        someoneelse.save()
+
+        post = BlogPost(content='Watching TV', authors=[me, someoneelse])
+        post.save()
+
+        another = BlogPost(content='Chilling Out', authors=[someoneelse])
+        another.save()
+
+        someoneelse.delete()
+        post.reload()
+        another.reload()
+
+        self.assertEqual(post.authors, [me])
+        self.assertEqual(another.authors, [])
+
     def test_update(self):
         """Ensure that atomic updates work properly.
         """
@@ -1421,7 +1578,7 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         BlogPost.drop_collection()
 
-    def test_update_push_and_pull(self):
+    def test_update_push_and_pull_add_to_set(self):
         """Ensure that the 'pull' update operation works correctly.
         """
         class BlogPost(Document):
@@ -1454,6 +1611,52 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         post.reload()
         self.assertEqual(post.tags, ["code", "mongodb"])
 
+    def test_add_to_set_each(self):
+        class Item(Document):
+            name = StringField(required=True)
+            description = StringField(max_length=50)
+            parents = ListField(ReferenceField('self'))
+
+        Item.drop_collection()
+
+        item = Item(name='test item').save()
+        parent_1 = Item(name='parent 1').save()
+        parent_2 = Item(name='parent 2').save()
+
+        item.update(add_to_set__parents=[parent_1, parent_2, parent_1])
+        item.reload()
+
+        self.assertEqual([parent_1, parent_2], item.parents)
+
+    def test_pull_nested(self):
+
+        class User(Document):
+            name = StringField()
+
+        class Collaborator(EmbeddedDocument):
+            user = StringField()
+
+            def __unicode__(self):
+                return '%s' % self.user
+
+        class Site(Document):
+            name = StringField(max_length=75, unique=True, required=True)
+            collaborators = ListField(EmbeddedDocumentField(Collaborator))
+
+
+        Site.drop_collection()
+
+        c = Collaborator(user='Esteban')
+        s = Site(name="test", collaborators=[c])
+        s.save()
+
+        Site.objects(id=s.id).update_one(pull__collaborators__user='Esteban')
+        self.assertEqual(Site.objects.first().collaborators, [])
+
+        def pull_all():
+            Site.objects(id=s.id).update_one(pull_all__collaborators__user=['Ross'])
+
+        self.assertRaises(InvalidQueryError, pull_all)
 
     def test_update_one_pop_generic_reference(self):
 
@@ -1849,9 +2052,9 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # Check item_frequencies works for non-list fields
         def test_assertions(f):
-            self.assertEqual(set(['1', '2']), set(f.keys()))
-            self.assertEqual(f['1'], 1)
-            self.assertEqual(f['2'], 2)
+            self.assertEqual(set([1, 2]), set(f.keys()))
+            self.assertEqual(f[1], 1)
+            self.assertEqual(f[2], 2)
 
         exec_js = BlogPost.objects.item_frequencies('hits')
         map_reduce = BlogPost.objects.item_frequencies('hits', map_reduce=True)
@@ -1951,7 +2154,6 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
             data = EmbeddedDocumentField(Data, required=True)
             extra = EmbeddedDocumentField(Extra)
 
-
         Person.drop_collection()
 
         p = Person()
@@ -1969,6 +2171,52 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         ot = Person.objects.item_frequencies('extra.tag', map_reduce=True)
         self.assertEquals(ot, {None: 1.0, u'friend': 1.0})
 
+    def test_item_frequencies_with_0_values(self):
+        class Test(Document):
+            val = IntField()
+
+        Test.drop_collection()
+        t = Test()
+        t.val = 0
+        t.save()
+
+        ot = Test.objects.item_frequencies('val', map_reduce=True)
+        self.assertEquals(ot, {0: 1})
+        ot = Test.objects.item_frequencies('val', map_reduce=False)
+        self.assertEquals(ot, {0: 1})
+
+    def test_item_frequencies_with_False_values(self):
+        class Test(Document):
+            val = BooleanField()
+
+        Test.drop_collection()
+        t = Test()
+        t.val = False
+        t.save()
+
+        ot = Test.objects.item_frequencies('val', map_reduce=True)
+        self.assertEquals(ot, {False: 1})
+        ot = Test.objects.item_frequencies('val', map_reduce=False)
+        self.assertEquals(ot, {False: 1})
+
+    def test_item_frequencies_normalize(self):
+        class Test(Document):
+            val = IntField()
+
+        Test.drop_collection()
+
+        for i in xrange(50):
+            Test(val=1).save()
+
+        for i in xrange(20):
+            Test(val=2).save()
+
+        freqs = Test.objects.item_frequencies('val', map_reduce=False, normalize=True)
+        self.assertEquals(freqs, {1: 50.0/70, 2: 20.0/70})
+
+        freqs = Test.objects.item_frequencies('val', map_reduce=True, normalize=True)
+        self.assertEquals(freqs, {1: 50.0/70, 2: 20.0/70})
+
     def test_average(self):
         """Ensure that field can be averaged correctly.
         """
@@ -2038,28 +2286,29 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
             date = DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
 
             @queryset_manager
-            def objects(doc_cls, queryset):
-                return queryset(deleted=False)
+            def objects(cls, qryset):
+                opts = {"deleted": False}
+                return qryset(**opts)
 
             @queryset_manager
-            def music_posts(doc_cls, queryset):
-                return queryset(tags='music', deleted=False).order_by('-date')
+            def music_posts(doc_cls, queryset, deleted=False):
+                return queryset(tags='music',
+                                deleted=deleted).order_by('date')
 
         BlogPost.drop_collection()
 
-        post1 = BlogPost(tags=['music', 'film'])
-        post1.save()
-        post2 = BlogPost(tags=['music'])
-        post2.save()
-        post3 = BlogPost(tags=['film', 'actors'])
-        post3.save()
-        post4 = BlogPost(tags=['film', 'actors'], deleted=True)
-        post4.save()
+        post1 = BlogPost(tags=['music', 'film']).save()
+        post2 = BlogPost(tags=['music']).save()
+        post3 = BlogPost(tags=['film', 'actors']).save()
+        post4 = BlogPost(tags=['film', 'actors', 'music'], deleted=True).save()
 
-        self.assertEqual([p.id for p in BlogPost.objects],
+        self.assertEqual([p.id for p in BlogPost.objects()],
                          [post1.id, post2.id, post3.id])
-        self.assertEqual([p.id for p in BlogPost.music_posts],
-                         [post2.id, post1.id])
+        self.assertEqual([p.id for p in BlogPost.music_posts()],
+                         [post1.id, post2.id])
+
+        self.assertEqual([p.id for p in BlogPost.music_posts(True)],
+                         [post4.id])
 
         BlogPost.drop_collection()
 
@@ -2899,6 +3148,19 @@ class QuerySetTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(plist[1], (20, False))
         self.assertEqual(plist[2], (30, True))
 
+    def test_scalar_primary_key(self):
+
+        class SettingValue(Document):
+            key = StringField(primary_key=True)
+            value = StringField()
+
+        SettingValue.drop_collection()
+        s = SettingValue(key="test", value="test value")
+        s.save()
+
+        val = SettingValue.objects.scalar('key', 'value')
+        self.assertEqual(list(val), [('test', 'test value')])
+
     def test_scalar_cursor_behaviour(self):
         """Ensure that a query returns a valid set of results.
         """

tests/test_replicaset_connection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import unittest
+import pymongo
+from pymongo import ReadPreference, ReplicaSetConnection
+
+import mongoengine
+from mongoengine import *
+from mongoengine.connection import get_db, get_connection, ConnectionError
+
+
+class ConnectionTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        mongoengine.connection._connection_settings = {}
+        mongoengine.connection._connections = {}
+        mongoengine.connection._dbs = {}
+
+    def test_replicaset_uri_passes_read_preference(self):
+        """Requires a replica set called "rs" on port 27017
+        """
+
+        try:
+            conn = connect(db='mongoenginetest', host="mongodb://localhost/mongoenginetest?replicaSet=rs", read_preference=ReadPreference.SECONDARY_ONLY)
+        except ConnectionError, e:
+            return
+
+        if not isinstance(conn, ReplicaSetConnection):
+            return
+
+        self.assertEquals(conn.read_preference, ReadPreference.SECONDARY_ONLY)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()