docs: Add semantic release information and issue template

Co-authored-by: Robin Lambertz <github@roblab.la>

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Contributing
+
+There's lots to do, and we're working hard, so any help is welcome!
+
+- :speech_balloon: Join us on [Slack](https://join.slack.com/t/betterproto/shared_invite/zt-f0n0uolx-iN8gBNrkPxtKHTLpG3o1OQ)!
+
+What can you do?
+
+- :+1: Vote on [issues](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues).
+- :speech_balloon: Give feedback on [Pull Requests](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pulls) and [Issues](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues):
+    - Suggestions
+    - Express approval
+    - Raise concerns
+- :small_red_triangle: Create an issue:
+    - File a bug (please check its not a duplicate)
+    - Propose an enhancement
+- :white_check_mark: Create a PR:
+    - [Creating a failing test-case](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/blob/master/betterproto/tests/README.md) to make bug-fixing easier
+    - Fix any of the open issues
+        - [Good first issues](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3A%22good+first+issue%22)
+        - [Issues with tests](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3A%22has+test%22)
+    - New bugfix or idea
+        - If you'd like to discuss your idea first, join us on Slack!

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+## Description
+
+<!-- Thanks for contributing to betterproto! Add a thorough explanation of what your changes do below this line: -->
+
+## Checklist
+
+- [ ] This PR targets the `rc` branch (**not** `master`).
+- [ ] [If this should release a new version to PyPI when merged] The title of the PR follows the [Angular Conventional Commit](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) syntax (`feat:` or `fix:`, with `BREAKING CHANGE:` in the commit message body if appropriate), and clearly describes the fix or feature.
+- [ ] Documentation is updated (`README.md` and docstrings).

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -1,33 +1,69 @@
 name: CI
 
-on: [push, pull_request]
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '**'
 
 jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
+  tests:
+    name: ${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [Ubuntu, MacOS, Windows]
+        python-version: [3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9]
+        exclude:
+          - os: Windows
+            python-version: 3.6
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
         with:
-          python-version: 3.7
-      - uses: dschep/install-pipenv-action@v1
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+
+      - name: Get full Python version
+        id: full-python-version
+        shell: bash
+        run: echo ::set-output name=version::$(python -c "import sys; print('-'.join(str(v) for v in sys.version_info))")
+
+      - name: Install poetry
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install poetry
+          echo "$HOME/.poetry/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+
+      - name: Configure poetry
+        shell: bash
+        run: poetry config virtualenvs.in-project true
+
+      - name: Set up cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v2
+        id: cache
+        with:
+          path: .venv
+          key: venv-${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.full-python-version.outputs.version }}-${{ hashFiles('**/poetry.lock') }}
+
+      - name: Ensure cache is healthy
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+        shell: bash
+        run: poetry run pip --version >/dev/null 2>&1 || rm -rf .venv
+
       - name: Install dependencies
+        shell: bash
         run: |
-          sudo apt install protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-dev
-          pipenv install --dev
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: |
-          cp .env.default .env
-          pipenv run pip install -e .
-          pipenv run generate
-          pipenv run test
-      - name: Build package
-        if: github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.event.ref, 'refs/tags')
-        run: pipenv run python setup.py sdist
-      - name: Publish package
-        if: github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.event.ref, 'refs/tags')
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.0.0a0
-        with:
-          user: __token__
-          password: ${{ secrets.pypi }}
+          poetry run python -m pip install pip -U
+          poetry install
+
+      - name: Generate code from proto files
+        shell: bash
+        run: poetry run python -m tests.generate -v
+
+      - name: Execute test suite
+        shell: bash
+        run: poetry run pytest tests/

.github/workflows/code-quality.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+name: Code Quality
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '**'
+
+jobs:
+  check-formatting:
+    name: Check code/doc formatting
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - name: Run Black
+      uses: lgeiger/black-action@master
+      with:
+        args: --check src/ tests/ benchmarks/
+
+    - name: Install rST dependcies
+      run: python -m pip install doc8
+    - name: Lint documentation for errors
+      run: python -m doc8 docs --max-line-length 88 --ignore-path-errors "docs/migrating.rst;D001"
+      # it has a table which is longer than 88 characters long

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+name: Release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    tags:
+      - '**'
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '**'
+
+jobs:
+  packaging:
+    name: Distribution
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Set up Python 3.8
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.8
+      - name: Install poetry
+        run: python -m pip install poetry
+      - name: Semantic Release
+        uses: cycjimmy/semantic-release-action@v2
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Build package
+        run: poetry build
+      - name: Publish package to PyPI
+        if: github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.event.ref, 'refs/tags')
+        env:
+          POETRY_PYPI_TOKEN_PYPI: ${{ secrets.pypi }}
+        run: poetry publish -n

.gitignore

@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
+.coverage
+.DS_Store
 .env
 .vscode/settings.json
 .mypy_cache
 .pytest_cache
-betterproto/tests/*.bin
-betterproto/tests/*_pb2.py
-betterproto/tests/*.py
-!betterproto/tests/generate.py
-!betterproto/tests/test_*.py
+.python-version
+build/
+node_modules/
+tests/output_*
 **/__pycache__
 dist
 **/*.egg-info
 output
+.idea
+.DS_Store
+.tox
+.venv
+.asv
+venv

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+version: 2
+formats: []
+
+build:
+  image: latest
+
+sphinx:
+  configuration: docs/conf.py
+  fail_on_warning: false
+
+python:
+  version: 3.7
+  install:
+    - method: pip
+      path: .
+      extra_requirements:
+        - dev

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+- Versions suffixed with `b*` are in `beta` and can be installed with `pip install --pre betterproto`.
+
+## [2.0.0b3] - 2021-04-07
+
+- Generate grpclib service stubs [#170](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/170)
+- Add \_\_version\_\_ attribute to package [#134](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/134)
+- Use betterproto generated messages in the plugin [#161](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/161)
+- Sort the list of sources in generated file headers [#164](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/164)
+- Micro-optimization: use tuples instead of lists for conditions [#228](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/228)
+- Improve datestring parsing [#213](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/213)
+
+- Fix serialization of repeated fields with empty messages [#180](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/180)
+- Fix compilation of fields named 'bytes' or 'str' [#226](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/226)
+- Fix json serialization of infinite and nan floats/doubles [#215](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/215)
+- Fix template bug resulting in empty \_\_post_init\_\_ methods [#162](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/162)
+- Fix serialization of zero-value messages in a oneof group [#176](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/176)
+- Fix missing typing and datetime imports [#183](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/183)
+- Fix code generation for empty services [#222](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/222)
+- Fix Message.to_dict and from_dict handling of repeated timestamps and durations [#211](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/211)
+- Fix incorrect routes in generated client when service is not in a package [#177](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/177)
+
+## [2.0.0b2] - 2020-11-24
+
+- Add support for deprecated message and fields [#126](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/126)
+- Add support for recursive messages [#130](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/130)
+- Add support for `bool(Message)` [#142](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/142)
+- Improve support for Python 3.9 [#140](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/140) [#173](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/173)
+- Improve keyword sanitisation for generated code [#137](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/137)
+
+- Fix missing serialized_on_wire when message contains only lists [#81](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/81)
+- Fix circular dependencies [#100](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/100)
+- Fix to_dict enum fields when numbering is not consecutive [#102](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/102)
+- Fix argument generation for stub methods when using `import` with proto definition [#103](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/103)
+- Fix missing async/await keywords when casing [#104](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/104)
+- Fix mutable default arguments in generated code [#105](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/105)
+- Fix serialisation of default values in oneofs when calling to_dict() or to_json() [#110](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/110)
+- Fix static type checking for grpclib client [#124](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/124)
+- Fix python3.6 compatibility issue with dataclasses [#124](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/124)
+- Fix handling of trailer-only responses [#127](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/127)
+
+- Refactor plugin.py to use modular dataclasses in tree-like structure to represent parsed data [#121](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/121)
+- Refactor template compilation logic [#136](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/136)
+
+- Replace use of platform provided protoc with development dependency on grpcio-tools [#107](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/107)
+- Switch to using `poe` from `make` to manage project development tasks [#118](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/118)
+- Improve CI platform coverage [#128](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/128)
+
+## [2.0.0b1] - 2020-07-04
+
+[Upgrade Guide](./docs/upgrading.md) 
+
+> Several bugfixes and improvements required or will require small breaking changes, necessitating a new version.
+> `2.0.0` will be released once the interface is stable.
+
+- Add support for gRPC  and **stream-stream** [#83](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/83)
+- Switch from `pipenv` to `poetry` for development [#75](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/75)
+- Fix two packages with the same name suffix should not cause naming conflict [#25](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/25)
+
+- Fix Import child package from root [#57](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/57)
+- Fix Import child package from package [#58](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/58)
+- Fix Import parent package from child package [#59](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/59)
+- Fix Import root package from child package [#60](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/60)
+- Fix Import root package from root [#61](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/61)
+
+- Fix ALL_CAPS message fields are parsed incorrectly. [#11](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/11)
+
+## [1.2.5] - 2020-04-27
+
+- Add .j2 suffix to python template names to avoid confusing certain build tools [#72](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/72)
+
+## [1.2.4] - 2020-04-26
+
+- Enforce utf-8 for reading the readme in setup.py [#67](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/67)
+- Only import types from grpclib when type checking [#52](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/52)
+- Improve performance of serialize/deserialize by caching type information of fields in class [#46](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/46)
+- Support using Google's wrapper types as RPC output values [#40](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/40)
+- Fixes issue where protoc did not recognize plugin.py as win32 application [#38](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/38)
+- Fix services using non-pythonified field names [#34](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/34)
+- Add ability to provide metadata, timeout & deadline args to requests [#32](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/32)
+
+## [1.2.3] - 2020-04-15
+
+- Exclude empty lists from `to_dict` by default [#16](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/16)
+- Add `include_default_values` parameter for `to_dict` [#12](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/12)
+- Fix class names being prepended with duplicates when using protocol buffers that are nested more than once [#21](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/21)
+- Add support for python 3.6 [#30](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/30)
+
+## [1.2.2] - 2020-01-09
+
+- Mention lack of Proto 2 support in README.
+- Fix serialization of constructor parameters [#10](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/10)
+- Fix `casing` parameter propagation [#7](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/pull/7)
+
+## [1.2.1] - 2019-10-29
+
+- Fix comment indentation bug in rendered gRPC methods.
+
+## [1.2.0] - 2019-10-28
+
+- Generated code output auto-formatting via [Black](https://github.com/psf/black)
+- Simplified gRPC helper functions
+
+## [1.1.0] - 2019-10-27
+
+- Better JSON casing support
+- Handle field names which clash with Python reserved words
+- Better handling of default values from type introspection
+- Support for Google Duration & Timestamp types
+- Support for Google wrapper types
+- Documentation updates
+
+## [1.0.1] - 2019-10-22
+
+- README to the PyPI details page
+
+## [1.0.0] - 2019-10-22
+
+- Initial release
+
+[1.2.5]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.2.4...v1.2.5
+[1.2.4]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.2.3...v1.2.4
+[1.2.3]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.2.2...v1.2.3
+[1.2.2]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.2.1...v1.2.2
+[1.2.1]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.2.0...v1.2.1
+[1.2.0]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.1.0...v1.2.0
+[1.1.0]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.0.1...v1.1.0
+[1.0.1]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/compare/v1.0.0...v1.0.1
+[1.0.0]: https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/releases/tag/v1.0.0

Pipfile

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-[[source]]
-name = "pypi"
-url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
-verify_ssl = true
-
-[dev-packages]
-flake8 = "*"
-mypy = "*"
-isort = "*"
-pytest = "*"
-rope = "*"
-
-[packages]
-protobuf = "*"
-jinja2 = "*"
-grpclib = "*"
-stringcase = "*"
-
-[requires]
-python_version = "3.7"
-
-[scripts]
-plugin = "protoc --plugin=protoc-gen-custom=betterproto/plugin.py --custom_out=output"
-generate = "python betterproto/tests/generate.py"
-test = "pytest ./betterproto/tests"

Pipfile.lock

@@ -1,360 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "_meta": {
-        "hash": {
-            "sha256": "28c38cd6c4eafb0b9ac9a64cf623145868fdee163111d3b941b34d23011db6ca"
-        },
-        "pipfile-spec": 6,
-        "requires": {
-            "python_version": "3.7"
-        },
-        "sources": [
-            {
-                "name": "pypi",
-                "url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
-                "verify_ssl": true
-            }
-        ]
-    },
-    "default": {
-        "grpclib": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:d19e2ea87cb073e5b0825dfee15336fd2b1c09278d271816e04c90faddc107ea"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==0.3.0"
-        },
-        "h2": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:ac377fcf586314ef3177bfd90c12c7826ab0840edeb03f0f24f511858326049e",
-                "sha256:b8a32bd282594424c0ac55845377eea13fa54fe4a8db012f3a198ed923dc3ab4"
-            ],
-            "version": "==3.1.1"
-        },
-        "hpack": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:0edd79eda27a53ba5be2dfabf3b15780928a0dff6eb0c60a3d6767720e970c89",
-                "sha256:8eec9c1f4bfae3408a3f30500261f7e6a65912dc138526ea054f9ad98892e9d2"
-            ],
-            "version": "==3.0.0"
-        },
-        "hyperframe": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:5187962cb16dcc078f23cb5a4b110098d546c3f41ff2d4038a9896893bbd0b40",
-                "sha256:a9f5c17f2cc3c719b917c4f33ed1c61bd1f8dfac4b1bd23b7c80b3400971b41f"
-            ],
-            "version": "==5.2.0"
-        },
-        "jinja2": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:74320bb91f31270f9551d46522e33af46a80c3d619f4a4bf42b3164d30b5911f",
-                "sha256:9fe95f19286cfefaa917656583d020be14e7859c6b0252588391e47db34527de"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==2.10.3"
-        },
-        "markupsafe": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:00bc623926325b26bb9605ae9eae8a215691f33cae5df11ca5424f06f2d1f473",
-                "sha256:09027a7803a62ca78792ad89403b1b7a73a01c8cb65909cd876f7fcebd79b161",
-                "sha256:09c4b7f37d6c648cb13f9230d847adf22f8171b1ccc4d5682398e77f40309235",
-                "sha256:1027c282dad077d0bae18be6794e6b6b8c91d58ed8a8d89a89d59693b9131db5",
-                "sha256:24982cc2533820871eba85ba648cd53d8623687ff11cbb805be4ff7b4c971aff",
-                "sha256:29872e92839765e546828bb7754a68c418d927cd064fd4708fab9fe9c8bb116b",
-                "sha256:43a55c2930bbc139570ac2452adf3d70cdbb3cfe5912c71cdce1c2c6bbd9c5d1",
-                "sha256:46c99d2de99945ec5cb54f23c8cd5689f6d7177305ebff350a58ce5f8de1669e",
-                "sha256:500d4957e52ddc3351cabf489e79c91c17f6e0899158447047588650b5e69183",
-                "sha256:535f6fc4d397c1563d08b88e485c3496cf5784e927af890fb3c3aac7f933ec66",
-                "sha256:62fe6c95e3ec8a7fad637b7f3d372c15ec1caa01ab47926cfdf7a75b40e0eac1",
-                "sha256:6dd73240d2af64df90aa7c4e7481e23825ea70af4b4922f8ede5b9e35f78a3b1",
-                "sha256:717ba8fe3ae9cc0006d7c451f0bb265ee07739daf76355d06366154ee68d221e",
-                "sha256:79855e1c5b8da654cf486b830bd42c06e8780cea587384cf6545b7d9ac013a0b",
-                "sha256:7c1699dfe0cf8ff607dbdcc1e9b9af1755371f92a68f706051cc8c37d447c905",
-                "sha256:88e5fcfb52ee7b911e8bb6d6aa2fd21fbecc674eadd44118a9cc3863f938e735",
-                "sha256:8defac2f2ccd6805ebf65f5eeb132adcf2ab57aa11fdf4c0dd5169a004710e7d",
-                "sha256:98c7086708b163d425c67c7a91bad6e466bb99d797aa64f965e9d25c12111a5e",
-                "sha256:9add70b36c5666a2ed02b43b335fe19002ee5235efd4b8a89bfcf9005bebac0d",
-                "sha256:9bf40443012702a1d2070043cb6291650a0841ece432556f784f004937f0f32c",
-                "sha256:ade5e387d2ad0d7ebf59146cc00c8044acbd863725f887353a10df825fc8ae21",
-                "sha256:b00c1de48212e4cc9603895652c5c410df699856a2853135b3967591e4beebc2",
-                "sha256:b1282f8c00509d99fef04d8ba936b156d419be841854fe901d8ae224c59f0be5",
-                "sha256:b2051432115498d3562c084a49bba65d97cf251f5a331c64a12ee7e04dacc51b",
-                "sha256:ba59edeaa2fc6114428f1637ffff42da1e311e29382d81b339c1817d37ec93c6",
-                "sha256:c8716a48d94b06bb3b2524c2b77e055fb313aeb4ea620c8dd03a105574ba704f",
-                "sha256:cd5df75523866410809ca100dc9681e301e3c27567cf498077e8551b6d20e42f",
-                "sha256:e249096428b3ae81b08327a63a485ad0878de3fb939049038579ac0ef61e17e7"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.1.1"
-        },
-        "multidict": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:024b8129695a952ebd93373e45b5d341dbb87c17ce49637b34000093f243dd4f",
-                "sha256:041e9442b11409be5e4fc8b6a97e4bcead758ab1e11768d1e69160bdde18acc3",
-                "sha256:045b4dd0e5f6121e6f314d81759abd2c257db4634260abcfe0d3f7083c4908ef",
-                "sha256:047c0a04e382ef8bd74b0de01407e8d8632d7d1b4db6f2561106af812a68741b",
-                "sha256:068167c2d7bbeebd359665ac4fff756be5ffac9cda02375b5c5a7c4777038e73",
-                "sha256:148ff60e0fffa2f5fad2eb25aae7bef23d8f3b8bdaf947a65cdbe84a978092bc",
-                "sha256:1d1c77013a259971a72ddaa83b9f42c80a93ff12df6a4723be99d858fa30bee3",
-                "sha256:1d48bc124a6b7a55006d97917f695effa9725d05abe8ee78fd60d6588b8344cd",
-                "sha256:31dfa2fc323097f8ad7acd41aa38d7c614dd1960ac6681745b6da124093dc351",
-                "sha256:34f82db7f80c49f38b032c5abb605c458bac997a6c3142e0d6c130be6fb2b941",
-                "sha256:3d5dd8e5998fb4ace04789d1d008e2bb532de501218519d70bb672c4c5a2fc5d",
-                "sha256:4a6ae52bd3ee41ee0f3acf4c60ceb3f44e0e3bc52ab7da1c2b2aa6703363a3d1",
-                "sha256:4b02a3b2a2f01d0490dd39321c74273fed0568568ea0e7ea23e02bd1fb10a10b",
-                "sha256:4b843f8e1dd6a3195679d9838eb4670222e8b8d01bc36c9894d6c3538316fa0a",
-                "sha256:5de53a28f40ef3c4fd57aeab6b590c2c663de87a5af76136ced519923d3efbb3",
-                "sha256:61b2b33ede821b94fa99ce0b09c9ece049c7067a33b279f343adfe35108a4ea7",
-                "sha256:6a3a9b0f45fd75dc05d8e93dc21b18fc1670135ec9544d1ad4acbcf6b86781d0",
-                "sha256:76ad8e4c69dadbb31bad17c16baee61c0d1a4a73bed2590b741b2e1a46d3edd0",
-                "sha256:7ba19b777dc00194d1b473180d4ca89a054dd18de27d0ee2e42a103ec9b7d014",
-                "sha256:7c1b7eab7a49aa96f3db1f716f0113a8a2e93c7375dd3d5d21c4941f1405c9c5",
-                "sha256:7fc0eee3046041387cbace9314926aa48b681202f8897f8bff3809967a049036",
-                "sha256:8ccd1c5fff1aa1427100ce188557fc31f1e0a383ad8ec42c559aabd4ff08802d",
-                "sha256:8e08dd76de80539d613654915a2f5196dbccc67448df291e69a88712ea21e24a",
-                "sha256:c18498c50c59263841862ea0501da9f2b3659c00db54abfbf823a80787fde8ce",
-                "sha256:c49db89d602c24928e68c0d510f4fcf8989d77defd01c973d6cbe27e684833b1",
-                "sha256:ce20044d0317649ddbb4e54dab3c1bcc7483c78c27d3f58ab3d0c7e6bc60d26a",
-                "sha256:d1071414dd06ca2eafa90c85a079169bfeb0e5f57fd0b45d44c092546fcd6fd9",
-                "sha256:d3be11ac43ab1a3e979dac80843b42226d5d3cccd3986f2e03152720a4297cd7",
-                "sha256:db603a1c235d110c860d5f39988ebc8218ee028f07a7cbc056ba6424372ca31b"
-            ],
-            "version": "==4.5.2"
-        },
-        "protobuf": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:125713564d8cfed7610e52444c9769b8dcb0b55e25cc7841f2290ee7bc86636f",
-                "sha256:1accdb7a47e51503be64d9a57543964ba674edac103215576399d2d0e34eac77",
-                "sha256:27003d12d4f68e3cbea9eb67427cab3bfddd47ff90670cb367fcd7a3a89b9657",
-                "sha256:3264f3c431a631b0b31e9db2ae8c927b79fc1a7b1b06b31e8e5bcf2af91fe896",
-                "sha256:3c5ab0f5c71ca5af27143e60613729e3488bb45f6d3f143dc918a20af8bab0bf",
-                "sha256:45dcf8758873e3f69feab075e5f3177270739f146255225474ee0b90429adef6",
-                "sha256:56a77d61a91186cc5676d8e11b36a5feb513873e4ae88d2ee5cf530d52bbcd3b",
-                "sha256:5984e4947bbcef5bd849d6244aec507d31786f2dd3344139adc1489fb403b300",
-                "sha256:6b0441da73796dd00821763bb4119674eaf252776beb50ae3883bed179a60b2a",
-                "sha256:6f6677c5ade94d4fe75a912926d6796d5c71a2a90c2aeefe0d6f211d75c74789",
-                "sha256:84a825a9418d7196e2acc48f8746cf1ee75877ed2f30433ab92a133f3eaf8fbe",
-                "sha256:b842c34fe043ccf78b4a6cf1019d7b80113707d68c88842d061fa2b8fb6ddedc",
-                "sha256:ca33d2f09dae149a1dcf942d2d825ebb06343b77b437198c9e2ef115cf5d5bc1",
-                "sha256:db83b5c12c0cd30150bb568e6feb2435c49ce4e68fe2d7b903113f0e221e58fe",
-                "sha256:f50f3b1c5c1c1334ca7ce9cad5992f098f460ffd6388a3cabad10b66c2006b09",
-                "sha256:f99f127909731cafb841c52f9216e447d3e4afb99b17bebfad327a75aee206de"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==3.10.0"
-        },
-        "six": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3350809f0555b11f552448330d0b52d5f24c91a322ea4a15ef22629740f3761c",
-                "sha256:d16a0141ec1a18405cd4ce8b4613101da75da0e9a7aec5bdd4fa804d0e0eba73"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.12.0"
-        },
-        "stringcase": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:48a06980661908efe8d9d34eab2b6c13aefa2163b3ced26972902e3bdfd87008"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==1.2.0"
-        }
-    },
-    "develop": {
-        "atomicwrites": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:03472c30eb2c5d1ba9227e4c2ca66ab8287fbfbbda3888aa93dc2e28fc6811b4",
-                "sha256:75a9445bac02d8d058d5e1fe689654ba5a6556a1dfd8ce6ec55a0ed79866cfa6"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.3.0"
-        },
-        "attrs": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:08a96c641c3a74e44eb59afb61a24f2cb9f4d7188748e76ba4bb5edfa3cb7d1c",
-                "sha256:f7b7ce16570fe9965acd6d30101a28f62fb4a7f9e926b3bbc9b61f8b04247e72"
-            ],
-            "version": "==19.3.0"
-        },
-        "entrypoints": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:589f874b313739ad35be6e0cd7efde2a4e9b6fea91edcc34e58ecbb8dbe56d19",
-                "sha256:c70dd71abe5a8c85e55e12c19bd91ccfeec11a6e99044204511f9ed547d48451"
-            ],
-            "version": "==0.3"
-        },
-        "flake8": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:19241c1cbc971b9962473e4438a2ca19749a7dd002dd1a946eaba171b4114548",
-                "sha256:8e9dfa3cecb2400b3738a42c54c3043e821682b9c840b0448c0503f781130696"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==3.7.8"
-        },
-        "importlib-metadata": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:aa18d7378b00b40847790e7c27e11673d7fed219354109d0e7b9e5b25dc3ad26",
-                "sha256:d5f18a79777f3aa179c145737780282e27b508fc8fd688cb17c7a813e8bd39af"
-            ],
-            "markers": "python_version < '3.8'",
-            "version": "==0.23"
-        },
-        "isort": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:54da7e92468955c4fceacd0c86bd0ec997b0e1ee80d97f67c35a78b719dccab1",
-                "sha256:6e811fcb295968434526407adb8796944f1988c5b65e8139058f2014cbe100fd"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==4.3.21"
-        },
-        "mccabe": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:ab8a6258860da4b6677da4bd2fe5dc2c659cff31b3ee4f7f5d64e79735b80d42",
-                "sha256:dd8d182285a0fe56bace7f45b5e7d1a6ebcbf524e8f3bd87eb0f125271b8831f"
-            ],
-            "version": "==0.6.1"
-        },
-        "more-itertools": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:409cd48d4db7052af495b09dec721011634af3753ae1ef92d2b32f73a745f832",
-                "sha256:92b8c4b06dac4f0611c0729b2f2ede52b2e1bac1ab48f089c7ddc12e26bb60c4"
-            ],
-            "version": "==7.2.0"
-        },
-        "mypy": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1521c186a3d200c399bd5573c828ea2db1362af7209b2adb1bb8532cea2fb36f",
-                "sha256:31a046ab040a84a0fc38bc93694876398e62bc9f35eca8ccbf6418b7297f4c00",
-                "sha256:3b1a411909c84b2ae9b8283b58b48541654b918e8513c20a400bb946aa9111ae",
-                "sha256:48c8bc99380575deb39f5d3400ebb6a8a1cb5cc669bbba4d3bb30f904e0a0e7d",
-                "sha256:540c9caa57a22d0d5d3c69047cc9dd0094d49782603eb03069821b41f9e970e9",
-                "sha256:672e418425d957e276c291930a3921b4a6413204f53fe7c37cad7bc57b9a3391",
-                "sha256:6ed3b9b3fdc7193ea7aca6f3c20549b377a56f28769783a8f27191903a54170f",
-                "sha256:9371290aa2cad5ad133e4cdc43892778efd13293406f7340b9ffe99d5ec7c1d9",
-                "sha256:ace6ac1d0f87d4072f05b5468a084a45b4eda970e4d26704f201e06d47ab2990",
-                "sha256:b428f883d2b3fe1d052c630642cc6afddd07d5cd7873da948644508be3b9d4a7",
-                "sha256:d5bf0e6ec8ba346a2cf35cb55bf4adfddbc6b6576fcc9e10863daa523e418dbb",
-                "sha256:d7574e283f83c08501607586b3167728c58e8442947e027d2d4c7dcd6d82f453",
-                "sha256:dc889c84241a857c263a2b1cd1121507db7d5b5f5e87e77147097230f374d10b",
-                "sha256:f4748697b349f373002656bf32fede706a0e713d67bfdcf04edf39b1f61d46eb"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==0.740"
-        },
-        "mypy-extensions": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:090fedd75945a69ae91ce1303b5824f428daf5a028d2f6ab8a299250a846f15d",
-                "sha256:2d82818f5bb3e369420cb3c4060a7970edba416647068eb4c5343488a6c604a8"
-            ],
-            "version": "==0.4.3"
-        },
-        "packaging": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:28b924174df7a2fa32c1953825ff29c61e2f5e082343165438812f00d3a7fc47",
-                "sha256:d9551545c6d761f3def1677baf08ab2a3ca17c56879e70fecba2fc4dde4ed108"
-            ],
-            "version": "==19.2"
-        },
-        "pluggy": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:0db4b7601aae1d35b4a033282da476845aa19185c1e6964b25cf324b5e4ec3e6",
-                "sha256:fa5fa1622fa6dd5c030e9cad086fa19ef6a0cf6d7a2d12318e10cb49d6d68f34"
-            ],
-            "version": "==0.13.0"
-        },
-        "py": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:64f65755aee5b381cea27766a3a147c3f15b9b6b9ac88676de66ba2ae36793fa",
-                "sha256:dc639b046a6e2cff5bbe40194ad65936d6ba360b52b3c3fe1d08a82dd50b5e53"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.8.0"
-        },
-        "pycodestyle": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:95a2219d12372f05704562a14ec30bc76b05a5b297b21a5dfe3f6fac3491ae56",
-                "sha256:e40a936c9a450ad81df37f549d676d127b1b66000a6c500caa2b085bc0ca976c"
-            ],
-            "version": "==2.5.0"
-        },
-        "pyflakes": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:17dbeb2e3f4d772725c777fabc446d5634d1038f234e77343108ce445ea69ce0",
-                "sha256:d976835886f8c5b31d47970ed689944a0262b5f3afa00a5a7b4dc81e5449f8a2"
-            ],
-            "version": "==2.1.1"
-        },
-        "pyparsing": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:6f98a7b9397e206d78cc01df10131398f1c8b8510a2f4d97d9abd82e1aacdd80",
-                "sha256:d9338df12903bbf5d65a0e4e87c2161968b10d2e489652bb47001d82a9b028b4"
-            ],
-            "version": "==2.4.2"
-        },
-        "pytest": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:7e4800063ccfc306a53c461442526c5571e1462f61583506ce97e4da6a1d88c8",
-                "sha256:ca563435f4941d0cb34767301c27bc65c510cb82e90b9ecf9cb52dc2c63caaa0"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==5.2.1"
-        },
-        "rope": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:6b728fdc3e98a83446c27a91fc5d56808a004f8beab7a31ab1d7224cecc7d969",
-                "sha256:c5c5a6a87f7b1a2095fb311135e2a3d1f194f5ecb96900fdd0a9100881f48aaf",
-                "sha256:f0dcf719b63200d492b85535ebe5ea9b29e0d0b8aebeb87fe03fc1a65924fdaf"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==0.14.0"
-        },
-        "six": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3350809f0555b11f552448330d0b52d5f24c91a322ea4a15ef22629740f3761c",
-                "sha256:d16a0141ec1a18405cd4ce8b4613101da75da0e9a7aec5bdd4fa804d0e0eba73"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.12.0"
-        },
-        "typed-ast": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1170afa46a3799e18b4c977777ce137bb53c7485379d9706af8a59f2ea1aa161",
-                "sha256:18511a0b3e7922276346bcb47e2ef9f38fb90fd31cb9223eed42c85d1312344e",
-                "sha256:262c247a82d005e43b5b7f69aff746370538e176131c32dda9cb0f324d27141e",
-                "sha256:2b907eb046d049bcd9892e3076c7a6456c93a25bebfe554e931620c90e6a25b0",
-                "sha256:354c16e5babd09f5cb0ee000d54cfa38401d8b8891eefa878ac772f827181a3c",
-                "sha256:48e5b1e71f25cfdef98b013263a88d7145879fbb2d5185f2a0c79fa7ebbeae47",
-                "sha256:4e0b70c6fc4d010f8107726af5fd37921b666f5b31d9331f0bd24ad9a088e631",
-                "sha256:630968c5cdee51a11c05a30453f8cd65e0cc1d2ad0d9192819df9978984529f4",
-                "sha256:66480f95b8167c9c5c5c87f32cf437d585937970f3fc24386f313a4c97b44e34",
-                "sha256:71211d26ffd12d63a83e079ff258ac9d56a1376a25bc80b1cdcdf601b855b90b",
-                "sha256:7954560051331d003b4e2b3eb822d9dd2e376fa4f6d98fee32f452f52dd6ebb2",
-                "sha256:838997f4310012cf2e1ad3803bce2f3402e9ffb71ded61b5ee22617b3a7f6b6e",
-                "sha256:95bd11af7eafc16e829af2d3df510cecfd4387f6453355188342c3e79a2ec87a",
-                "sha256:bc6c7d3fa1325a0c6613512a093bc2a2a15aeec350451cbdf9e1d4bffe3e3233",
-                "sha256:cc34a6f5b426748a507dd5d1de4c1978f2eb5626d51326e43280941206c209e1",
-                "sha256:d755f03c1e4a51e9b24d899561fec4ccaf51f210d52abdf8c07ee2849b212a36",
-                "sha256:d7c45933b1bdfaf9f36c579671fec15d25b06c8398f113dab64c18ed1adda01d",
-                "sha256:d896919306dd0aa22d0132f62a1b78d11aaf4c9fc5b3410d3c666b818191630a",
-                "sha256:fdc1c9bbf79510b76408840e009ed65958feba92a88833cdceecff93ae8fff66",
-                "sha256:ffde2fbfad571af120fcbfbbc61c72469e72f550d676c3342492a9dfdefb8f12"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.4.0"
-        },
-        "typing-extensions": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:2ed632b30bb54fc3941c382decfd0ee4148f5c591651c9272473fea2c6397d95",
-                "sha256:b1edbbf0652660e32ae780ac9433f4231e7339c7f9a8057d0f042fcbcea49b87",
-                "sha256:d8179012ec2c620d3791ca6fe2bf7979d979acdbef1fca0bc56b37411db682ed"
-            ],
-            "version": "==3.7.4"
-        },
-        "wcwidth": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3df37372226d6e63e1b1e1eda15c594bca98a22d33a23832a90998faa96bc65e",
-                "sha256:f4ebe71925af7b40a864553f761ed559b43544f8f71746c2d756c7fe788ade7c"
-            ],
-            "version": "==0.1.7"
-        },
-        "zipp": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3718b1cbcd963c7d4c5511a8240812904164b7f381b647143a89d3b98f9bcd8e",
-                "sha256:f06903e9f1f43b12d371004b4ac7b06ab39a44adc747266928ae6debfa7b3335"
-            ],
-            "version": "==0.6.0"
-        }
-    }
-}

README.md

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 # Better Protobuf / gRPC Support for Python
 
 ![](https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/workflows/CI/badge.svg)
+> :octocat: If you're reading this on github, please be aware that it might mention unreleased features! See the latest released README on [pypi](https://pypi.org/project/betterproto/).
 
-This project aims to provide an improved experience when using Protobuf / gRPC in a modern Python environment by making use of modern language features and generating readable, understandable, idiomatic Python code. It will not support legacy features or environments. The following are supported:
+This project aims to provide an improved experience when using Protobuf / gRPC in a modern Python environment by making use of modern language features and generating readable, understandable, idiomatic Python code. It will not support legacy features or environments (e.g. Protobuf 2). The following are supported:
 
 - Protobuf 3 & gRPC code generation
   - Both binary & JSON serialization is built-in
-- Python 3.7+ making use of:
+- Python 3.6+ making use of:
   - Enums
   - Dataclasses
   - `async`/`await`
@@ -37,21 +38,26 @@ This project exists because I am unhappy with the state of the official Google p
   - Uses `SerializeToString()` rather than the built-in `__bytes__()`
   - Special wrapped types don't use Python's `None`
   - Timestamp/duration types don't use Python's built-in `datetime` module
-
 This project is a reimplementation from the ground up focused on idiomatic modern Python to help fix some of the above. While it may not be a 1:1 drop-in replacement due to changed method names and call patterns, the wire format is identical.
 
-## Installation & Getting Started
+## Installation
 
 First, install the package. Note that the `[compiler]` feature flag tells it to install extra dependencies only needed by the `protoc` plugin:
 
 ```sh
 # Install both the library and compiler
-$ pip install betterproto[compiler]
+pip install "betterproto[compiler]"
 
 # Install just the library (to use the generated code output)
-$ pip install betterproto
+pip install betterproto
 ```
 
+*Betterproto* is under active development. To install the latest beta version, use `pip install --pre betterproto`.
+
+## Getting Started
+
+### Compiling proto files
+
 Now, given you installed the compiler and have a proto file, e.g `example.proto`:
 
 ```protobuf
@@ -65,17 +71,25 @@ message Greeting {
 }
 ```
 
-You can run the following:
+You can run the following to invoke protoc directly:
 
 ```sh
-$ protoc -I . --python_betterproto_out=. example.proto
+mkdir lib
+protoc -I . --python_betterproto_out=lib example.proto
 ```
 
-This will generate `hello.py` which looks like:
+or run the following to invoke protoc via grpcio-tools:
 
-```py
+```sh
+pip install grpcio-tools
+python -m grpc_tools.protoc -I . --python_betterproto_out=lib example.proto
+```
+
+This will generate `lib/hello/__init__.py` which looks like:
+
+```python
 # Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
-# sources: hello.proto
+# sources: example.proto
 # plugin: python-betterproto
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
@@ -83,7 +97,7 @@ import betterproto
 
 
 @dataclass
-class Hello(betterproto.Message):
+class Greeting(betterproto.Message):
     """Greeting represents a message you can tell a user."""
 
     message: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
@@ -91,23 +105,23 @@ class Hello(betterproto.Message):
 
 Now you can use it!
 
-```py
->>> from hello import Hello
->>> test = Hello()
+```python
+>>> from lib.hello import Greeting
+>>> test = Greeting()
 >>> test
-Hello(message='')
+Greeting(message='')
 
 >>> test.message = "Hey!"
 >>> test
-Hello(message="Hey!")
+Greeting(message="Hey!")
 
 >>> serialized = bytes(test)
 >>> serialized
 b'\n\x04Hey!'
 
->>> another = Hello().parse(serialized)
+>>> another = Greeting().parse(serialized)
 >>> another
-Hello(message="Hey!")
+Greeting(message="Hey!")
 
 >>> another.to_dict()
 {"message": "Hey!"}
@@ -119,7 +133,7 @@ Hello(message="Hey!")
 
 The generated Protobuf `Message` classes are compatible with [grpclib](https://github.com/vmagamedov/grpclib) so you are free to use it if you like. That said, this project also includes support for async gRPC stub generation with better static type checking and code completion support. It is enabled by default.
 
-Given an example like:
+Given an example service definition:
 
 ```protobuf
 syntax = "proto3";
@@ -146,22 +160,74 @@ service Echo {
 }
 ```
 
-You can use it like so (enable async in the interactive shell first):
+Generate echo proto file:
 
-```py
->>> import echo
->>> from grpclib.client import Channel
+```
+python -m grpc_tools.protoc -I . --python_betterproto_out=. echo.proto
+```
 
->>> channel = Channel(host="127.0.0.1", port=1234)
->>> service = echo.EchoStub(channel)
->>> await service.echo(value="hello", extra_times=1)
-EchoResponse(values=["hello", "hello"])
+A client can be implemented as follows:
+```python
+import asyncio
+import echo
 
->>> async for response in service.echo_stream(value="hello", extra_times=1)
+from grpclib.client import Channel
+
+
+async def main():
+    channel = Channel(host="127.0.0.1", port=50051)
+    service = echo.EchoStub(channel)
+    response = await service.echo(value="hello", extra_times=1)
+    print(response)
+
+    async for response in service.echo_stream(value="hello", extra_times=1):
         print(response)
 
-EchoStreamResponse(value="hello")
-EchoStreamResponse(value="hello")
+    # don't forget to close the channel when done!
+    channel.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(main())
+
+```
+which would output
+```python
+EchoResponse(values=['hello', 'hello'])
+EchoStreamResponse(value='hello')
+EchoStreamResponse(value='hello')
+```
+
+This project also produces server-facing stubs that can be used to implement a Python
+gRPC server.
+To use them, simply subclass the base class in the generated files and override the
+service methods:
+
+```python
+import asyncio
+from echo import EchoBase, EchoResponse, EchoStreamResponse
+from grpclib.server import Server
+from typing import AsyncIterator
+
+
+class EchoService(EchoBase):
+    async def echo(self, value: str, extra_times: int) -> "EchoResponse":
+        return EchoResponse([value for _ in range(extra_times)])
+
+    async def echo_stream(self, value: str, extra_times: int) -> AsyncIterator["EchoStreamResponse"]:
+        for _ in range(extra_times):
+            yield EchoStreamResponse(value)
+
+
+async def main():
+    server = Server([EchoService()])
+    await server.start("127.0.0.1", 50051)
+    await server.wait_closed()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(main())
 ```
 
 ### JSON
@@ -173,8 +239,8 @@ Both serializing and parsing are supported to/from JSON and Python dictionaries
 
 For compatibility the default is to convert field names to `camelCase`. You can control this behavior by passing a casing value, e.g:
 
-```py
->>> MyMessage().to_dict(casing=betterproto.Casing.SNAKE)
+```python
+MyMessage().to_dict(casing=betterproto.Casing.SNAKE)
 ```
 
 ### Determining if a message was sent
@@ -256,6 +322,7 @@ Google provides several well-known message types like a timestamp, duration, and
 | `google.protobuf.duration`  | [`datetime.timedelta`][td]               | `0`                    |
 | `google.protobuf.timestamp` | Timezone-aware [`datetime.datetime`][dt] | `1970-01-01T00:00:00Z` |
 | `google.protobuf.*Value`    | `Optional[...]`                          | `None`                 |
+| `google.protobuf.*`         | `betterproto.lib.google.protobuf.*`      | `None`                 |
 
 [td]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#timedelta-objects
 [dt]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime
@@ -281,7 +348,7 @@ You can do stuff like:
 ```py
 >>> t = Test().from_dict({"maybe": True, "ts": "2019-01-01T12:00:00Z", "duration": "1.200s"})
 >>> t
-st(maybe=True, ts=datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 12, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc), duration=datetime.timedelta(seconds=1, microseconds=200000))
+Test(maybe=True, ts=datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 12, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc), duration=datetime.timedelta(seconds=1, microseconds=200000))
 
 >>> t.ts - t.duration
 datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 11, 59, 58, 800000, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
@@ -296,34 +363,99 @@ datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 11, 59, 58, 800000, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
 
 ## Development
 
-First, make sure you have Python 3.7+ and `pipenv` installed, along with the official [Protobuf Compiler](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases) for your platform. Then:
+- _Join us on [Slack](https://join.slack.com/t/betterproto/shared_invite/zt-f0n0uolx-iN8gBNrkPxtKHTLpG3o1OQ)!_
+- _See how you can help → [Contributing](.github/CONTRIBUTING.md)_
+
+### Requirements
+
+- Python (3.6 or higher)
+
+- [poetry](https://python-poetry.org/docs/#installation)
+  *Needed to install dependencies in a virtual environment*
+
+- [poethepoet](https://github.com/nat-n/poethepoet) for running development tasks as defined in pyproject.toml
+  - Can be installed to your host environment via `pip install poethepoet` then executed as simple `poe`
+  - or run from the poetry venv as `poetry run poe`
+
+### Setup
 
 ```sh
 # Get set up with the virtual env & dependencies
-$ pipenv install --dev
+poetry run pip install --upgrade pip
+poetry install
 
-# Link the local package
-$ pipenv shell
-$ pip install -e .
+# Activate the poetry environment
+poetry shell
 ```
 
+### Code style
+
+This project enforces [black](https://github.com/psf/black) python code formatting.
+
+Before committing changes run:
+
+```sh
+poe format
+```
+
+To avoid merge conflicts later, non-black formatted python code will fail in CI.
+
 ### Tests
 
 There are two types of tests:
 
-1. Manually-written tests for some behavior of the library
-2. Proto files and JSON inputs for automated tests
+1. Standard tests
+2. Custom tests
 
-For #2, you can add a new `*.proto` file into the `betterproto/tests` directory along with a sample `*.json` input and it will get automatically picked up.
+#### Standard tests
+
+Adding a standard test case is easy.
+
+- Create a new directory `betterproto/tests/inputs/<name>`
+  - add `<name>.proto`  with a message called `Test`
+  - add `<name>.json` with some test data (optional)
+
+It will be picked up automatically when you run the tests.
+
+- See also: [Standard Tests Development Guide](betterproto/tests/README.md)
+
+#### Custom tests
+
+Custom tests are found in `tests/test_*.py` and are run with pytest.
+
+#### Running
 
 Here's how to run the tests.
 
 ```sh
-# Generate assets from sample .proto files
-$ pipenv run generate
-
+# Generate assets from sample .proto files required by the tests
+poe generate
 # Run the tests
-$ pipenv run tests
+poe test
+```
+
+To run tests as they are run in CI (with tox) run:
+
+```sh
+poe full-test
+```
+
+### (Re)compiling Google Well-known Types
+
+Betterproto includes compiled versions for Google's well-known types at [betterproto/lib/google](betterproto/lib/google).
+Be sure to regenerate these files when modifying the plugin output format, and validate by running the tests.
+
+Normally, the plugin does not compile any references to `google.protobuf`, since they are pre-compiled. To force compilation of `google.protobuf`, use the option `--custom_opt=INCLUDE_GOOGLE`. 
+
+Assuming your `google.protobuf` source files (included with all releases of `protoc`) are located in `/usr/local/include`, you can regenerate them as follows:
+
+```sh
+protoc \
+    --plugin=protoc-gen-custom=src/betterproto/plugin/main.py \
+    --custom_opt=INCLUDE_GOOGLE \
+    --custom_out=src/betterproto/lib \
+    -I /usr/local/include/ \
+    /usr/local/include/google/protobuf/*.proto
 ```
 
 ### TODO
@@ -340,6 +472,9 @@ $ pipenv run tests
 - [x] Refs to nested types
 - [x] Imports in proto files
 - [x] Well-known Google types
+  - [ ] Support as request input
+  - [ ] Support as response output
+    - [ ] Automatically wrap/unwrap responses
 - [x] OneOf support
   - [x] Basic support on the wire
   - [x] Check which was set from the group
@@ -353,16 +488,30 @@ $ pipenv run tests
   - [x] Enum strings
   - [x] Well known types support (timestamp, duration, wrappers)
   - [x] Support different casing (orig vs. camel vs. others?)
-- [ ] Async service stubs
+- [x] Async service stubs
   - [x] Unary-unary
   - [x] Server streaming response
-  - [ ] Client streaming request
+  - [x] Client streaming request
 - [x] Renaming messages and fields to conform to Python name standards
 - [x] Renaming clashes with language keywords
 - [x] Python package
 - [x] Automate running tests
 - [ ] Cleanup!
 
+
+## Release
+
+New versions are versioned and released using [Semantic Release](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release). When new commits
+using the Angular Conventional Commits syntax land on `master`  or `rc`, those commits are used to determine what new version to release.
+
+All Pull Requests must target the `rc` branch; when merged into `rc` they will publish new release candidate (`rc`) versions to PyPI
+automatically. When maintainers want to publish a new full release, they simply merge `rc` into `master`. This flow ensures that features
+and fixes are published quickly and continuously rather than awaiting a manual release process.
+
+## Community
+
+Join us on [Slack](https://join.slack.com/t/betterproto/shared_invite/zt-f0n0uolx-iN8gBNrkPxtKHTLpG3o1OQ)!
+
 ## License
 
 Copyright © 2019 Daniel G. Taylor

asv.conf.json

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+{
+    // The version of the config file format.  Do not change, unless
+    // you know what you are doing.
+    "version": 1,
+
+    // The name of the project being benchmarked
+    "project": "python-betterproto",
+
+    // The project's homepage
+    "project_url": "https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto",
+
+    // The URL or local path of the source code repository for the
+    // project being benchmarked
+    "repo": ".",
+
+    // The Python project's subdirectory in your repo.  If missing or
+    // the empty string, the project is assumed to be located at the root
+    // of the repository.
+    // "repo_subdir": "",
+
+    // Customizable commands for building, installing, and
+    // uninstalling the project. See asv.conf.json documentation.
+    //
+    "install_command": ["python -m pip install ."],
+    "uninstall_command": ["return-code=any python -m pip uninstall -y {project}"],
+    "build_command": ["python -m pip wheel -w {build_cache_dir} {build_dir}"],
+
+    // List of branches to benchmark. If not provided, defaults to "master"
+    // (for git) or "default" (for mercurial).
+    // "branches": ["master"], // for git
+    // "branches": ["default"],    // for mercurial
+
+    // The DVCS being used.  If not set, it will be automatically
+    // determined from "repo" by looking at the protocol in the URL
+    // (if remote), or by looking for special directories, such as
+    // ".git" (if local).
+    // "dvcs": "git",
+
+    // The tool to use to create environments.  May be "conda",
+    // "virtualenv" or other value depending on the plugins in use.
+    // If missing or the empty string, the tool will be automatically
+    // determined by looking for tools on the PATH environment
+    // variable.
+    "environment_type": "virtualenv",
+
+    // timeout in seconds for installing any dependencies in environment
+    // defaults to 10 min
+    //"install_timeout": 600,
+
+    // the base URL to show a commit for the project.
+    // "show_commit_url": "http://github.com/owner/project/commit/",
+
+    // The Pythons you'd like to test against.  If not provided, defaults
+    // to the current version of Python used to run `asv`.
+    // "pythons": ["2.7", "3.6"],
+
+    // The list of conda channel names to be searched for benchmark
+    // dependency packages in the specified order
+    // "conda_channels": ["conda-forge", "defaults"],
+
+    // The matrix of dependencies to test.  Each key is the name of a
+    // package (in PyPI) and the values are version numbers.  An empty
+    // list or empty string indicates to just test against the default
+    // (latest) version. null indicates that the package is to not be
+    // installed. If the package to be tested is only available from
+    // PyPi, and the 'environment_type' is conda, then you can preface
+    // the package name by 'pip+', and the package will be installed via
+    // pip (with all the conda available packages installed first,
+    // followed by the pip installed packages).
+    //
+    // "matrix": {
+    //     "numpy": ["1.6", "1.7"],
+    //     "six": ["", null],        // test with and without six installed
+    //     "pip+emcee": [""],   // emcee is only available for install with pip.
+    // },
+
+    // Combinations of libraries/python versions can be excluded/included
+    // from the set to test. Each entry is a dictionary containing additional
+    // key-value pairs to include/exclude.
+    //
+    // An exclude entry excludes entries where all values match. The
+    // values are regexps that should match the whole string.
+    //
+    // An include entry adds an environment. Only the packages listed
+    // are installed. The 'python' key is required. The exclude rules
+    // do not apply to includes.
+    //
+    // In addition to package names, the following keys are available:
+    //
+    // - python
+    //     Python version, as in the *pythons* variable above.
+    // - environment_type
+    //     Environment type, as above.
+    // - sys_platform
+    //     Platform, as in sys.platform. Possible values for the common
+    //     cases: 'linux2', 'win32', 'cygwin', 'darwin'.
+    //
+    // "exclude": [
+    //     {"python": "3.2", "sys_platform": "win32"}, // skip py3.2 on windows
+    //     {"environment_type": "conda", "six": null}, // don't run without six on conda
+    // ],
+    //
+    // "include": [
+    //     // additional env for python2.7
+    //     {"python": "2.7", "numpy": "1.8"},
+    //     // additional env if run on windows+conda
+    //     {"platform": "win32", "environment_type": "conda", "python": "2.7", "libpython": ""},
+    // ],
+
+    // The directory (relative to the current directory) that benchmarks are
+    // stored in.  If not provided, defaults to "benchmarks"
+    // "benchmark_dir": "benchmarks",
+
+    // The directory (relative to the current directory) to cache the Python
+    // environments in.  If not provided, defaults to "env"
+    "env_dir": ".asv/env",
+
+    // The directory (relative to the current directory) that raw benchmark
+    // results are stored in.  If not provided, defaults to "results".
+    "results_dir": ".asv/results",
+
+    // The directory (relative to the current directory) that the html tree
+    // should be written to.  If not provided, defaults to "html".
+    "html_dir": ".asv/html",
+
+    // The number of characters to retain in the commit hashes.
+    // "hash_length": 8,
+
+    // `asv` will cache results of the recent builds in each
+    // environment, making them faster to install next time.  This is
+    // the number of builds to keep, per environment.
+    // "build_cache_size": 2,
+
+    // The commits after which the regression search in `asv publish`
+    // should start looking for regressions. Dictionary whose keys are
+    // regexps matching to benchmark names, and values corresponding to
+    // the commit (exclusive) after which to start looking for
+    // regressions.  The default is to start from the first commit
+    // with results. If the commit is `null`, regression detection is
+    // skipped for the matching benchmark.
+    //
+    // "regressions_first_commits": {
+    //    "some_benchmark": "352cdf",  // Consider regressions only after this commit
+    //    "another_benchmark": null,   // Skip regression detection altogether
+    // },
+
+    // The thresholds for relative change in results, after which `asv
+    // publish` starts reporting regressions. Dictionary of the same
+    // form as in ``regressions_first_commits``, with values
+    // indicating the thresholds.  If multiple entries match, the
+    // maximum is taken. If no entry matches, the default is 5%.
+    //
+    // "regressions_thresholds": {
+    //    "some_benchmark": 0.01,     // Threshold of 1%
+    //    "another_benchmark": 0.5,   // Threshold of 50%
+    // },
+}

benchmarks/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

benchmarks/benchmarks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import betterproto
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from typing import List
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TestMessage(betterproto.Message):
+    foo: int = betterproto.uint32_field(0)
+    bar: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+    baz: float = betterproto.float_field(2)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TestNestedChildMessage(betterproto.Message):
+    str_key: str = betterproto.string_field(0)
+    bytes_key: bytes = betterproto.bytes_field(1)
+    bool_key: bool = betterproto.bool_field(2)
+    float_key: float = betterproto.float_field(3)
+    int_key: int = betterproto.uint64_field(4)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TestNestedMessage(betterproto.Message):
+    foo: TestNestedChildMessage = betterproto.message_field(0)
+    bar: TestNestedChildMessage = betterproto.message_field(1)
+    baz: TestNestedChildMessage = betterproto.message_field(2)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TestRepeatedMessage(betterproto.Message):
+    foo_repeat: List[str] = betterproto.string_field(0)
+    bar_repeat: List[int] = betterproto.int64_field(1)
+    baz_repeat: List[bool] = betterproto.bool_field(2)
+
+
+class BenchMessage:
+    """Test creation and usage a proto message."""
+
+    def setup(self):
+        self.cls = TestMessage
+        self.instance = TestMessage()
+        self.instance_filled = TestMessage(0, "test", 0.0)
+        self.instance_filled_bytes = bytes(self.instance_filled)
+        self.instance_filled_nested = TestNestedMessage(
+            TestNestedChildMessage("foo", bytearray(b"test1"), True, 0.1234, 500),
+            TestNestedChildMessage("bar", bytearray(b"test2"), True, 3.1415, -302),
+            TestNestedChildMessage("baz", bytearray(b"test3"), False, 1e5, 300),
+        )
+        self.instance_filled_nested_bytes = bytes(self.instance_filled_nested)
+        self.instance_filled_repeated = TestRepeatedMessage(
+            [
+                "test1",
+                "test2",
+                "test3",
+                "test4",
+                "test5",
+                "test6",
+                "test7",
+                "test8",
+                "test9",
+                "test10",
+            ],
+            [2, -100, 0, 500000, 600, -425678, 1000000000, -300, 1, -694214214466],
+            [True, False, False, False, True, True, False, True, False, False],
+        )
+        self.instance_filled_repeated_bytes = bytes(self.instance_filled_repeated)
+
+    def time_overhead(self):
+        """Overhead in class definition."""
+
+        @dataclass
+        class Message(betterproto.Message):
+            foo: int = betterproto.uint32_field(0)
+            bar: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+            baz: float = betterproto.float_field(2)
+
+    def time_instantiation(self):
+        """Time instantiation"""
+        self.cls()
+
+    def time_attribute_access(self):
+        """Time to access an attribute"""
+        self.instance.foo
+        self.instance.bar
+        self.instance.baz
+
+    def time_init_with_values(self):
+        """Time to set an attribute"""
+        self.cls(0, "test", 0.0)
+
+    def time_attribute_setting(self):
+        """Time to set attributes"""
+        self.instance.foo = 0
+        self.instance.bar = "test"
+        self.instance.baz = 0.0
+
+    def time_serialize(self):
+        """Time serializing a message to wire."""
+        bytes(self.instance_filled)
+
+    def time_deserialize(self):
+        """Time deserialize a message."""
+        TestMessage().parse(self.instance_filled_bytes)
+
+    def time_serialize_nested(self):
+        """Time serializing a nested message to wire."""
+        bytes(self.instance_filled_nested)
+
+    def time_deserialize_nested(self):
+        """Time deserialize a nested message."""
+        TestNestedMessage().parse(self.instance_filled_nested_bytes)
+
+    def time_serialize_repeated(self):
+        """Time serializing a repeated message to wire."""
+        bytes(self.instance_filled_repeated)
+
+    def time_deserialize_repeated(self):
+        """Time deserialize a repeated message."""
+        TestRepeatedMessage().parse(self.instance_filled_repeated_bytes)
+
+
+class MemSuite:
+    def setup(self):
+        self.cls = TestMessage
+
+    def mem_instance(self):
+        return self.cls()

betterproto/casing.py

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-import stringcase
-
-
-def safe_snake_case(value: str) -> str:
-    """Snake case a value taking into account Python keywords."""
-    value = stringcase.snakecase(value)
-    if value in [
-        "and",
-        "as",
-        "assert",
-        "break",
-        "class",
-        "continue",
-        "def",
-        "del",
-        "elif",
-        "else",
-        "except",
-        "finally",
-        "for",
-        "from",
-        "global",
-        "if",
-        "import",
-        "in",
-        "is",
-        "lambda",
-        "nonlocal",
-        "not",
-        "or",
-        "pass",
-        "raise",
-        "return",
-        "try",
-        "while",
-        "with",
-        "yield",
-    ]:
-        # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#descriptive-naming-styles
-        value += "_"
-    return value

betterproto/plugin.py

@@ -1,455 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-
-import itertools
-import json
-import os.path
-import re
-import sys
-import textwrap
-from typing import Any, List, Tuple
-
-try:
-    import jinja2
-except ImportError:
-    print(
-        "Unable to import `jinja2`. Did you install the compiler feature with `pip install betterproto[compiler]`?"
-    )
-    raise SystemExit(1)
-
-import stringcase
-
-from google.protobuf.compiler import plugin_pb2 as plugin
-from google.protobuf.descriptor_pb2 import (
-    DescriptorProto,
-    EnumDescriptorProto,
-    FieldDescriptorProto,
-    FileDescriptorProto,
-    ServiceDescriptorProto,
-)
-
-from betterproto.casing import safe_snake_case
-
-
-WRAPPER_TYPES = {
-    "google.protobuf.DoubleValue": "float",
-    "google.protobuf.FloatValue": "float",
-    "google.protobuf.Int64Value": "int",
-    "google.protobuf.UInt64Value": "int",
-    "google.protobuf.Int32Value": "int",
-    "google.protobuf.UInt32Value": "int",
-    "google.protobuf.BoolValue": "bool",
-    "google.protobuf.StringValue": "str",
-    "google.protobuf.BytesValue": "bytes",
-}
-
-
-def get_ref_type(package: str, imports: set, type_name: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Return a Python type name for a proto type reference. Adds the import if
-    necessary.
-    """
-    # If the package name is a blank string, then this should still work
-    # because by convention packages are lowercase and message/enum types are
-    # pascal-cased. May require refactoring in the future.
-    type_name = type_name.lstrip(".")
-
-    if type_name in WRAPPER_TYPES:
-        return f"Optional[{WRAPPER_TYPES[type_name]}]"
-
-    if type_name == "google.protobuf.Duration":
-        return "timedelta"
-
-    if type_name == "google.protobuf.Timestamp":
-        return "datetime"
-
-    if type_name.startswith(package):
-        parts = type_name.lstrip(package).lstrip(".").split(".")
-        if len(parts) == 1 or (len(parts) > 1 and parts[0][0] == parts[0][0].upper()):
-            # This is the current package, which has nested types flattened.
-            # foo.bar_thing => FooBarThing
-            cased = [stringcase.pascalcase(part) for part in parts]
-            type_name = f'"{"".join(cased)}"'
-
-    if "." in type_name:
-        # This is imported from another package. No need
-        # to use a forward ref and we need to add the import.
-        parts = type_name.split(".")
-        parts[-1] = stringcase.pascalcase(parts[-1])
-        imports.add(f"from .{'.'.join(parts[:-2])} import {parts[-2]}")
-        type_name = f"{parts[-2]}.{parts[-1]}"
-
-    return type_name
-
-
-def py_type(
-    package: str,
-    imports: set,
-    message: DescriptorProto,
-    descriptor: FieldDescriptorProto,
-) -> str:
-    if descriptor.type in [1, 2, 6, 7, 15, 16]:
-        return "float"
-    elif descriptor.type in [3, 4, 5, 13, 17, 18]:
-        return "int"
-    elif descriptor.type == 8:
-        return "bool"
-    elif descriptor.type == 9:
-        return "str"
-    elif descriptor.type in [11, 14]:
-        # Type referencing another defined Message or a named enum
-        return get_ref_type(package, imports, descriptor.type_name)
-    elif descriptor.type == 12:
-        return "bytes"
-    else:
-        raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown type {descriptor.type}")
-
-
-def get_py_zero(type_num: int) -> str:
-    zero = 0
-    if type_num in []:
-        zero = 0.0
-    elif type_num == 8:
-        zero = "False"
-    elif type_num == 9:
-        zero = '""'
-    elif type_num == 11:
-        zero = "None"
-    elif type_num == 12:
-        zero = 'b""'
-
-    return zero
-
-
-def traverse(proto_file):
-    def _traverse(path, items):
-        for i, item in enumerate(items):
-            yield item, path + [i]
-
-            if isinstance(item, DescriptorProto):
-                for enum in item.enum_type:
-                    enum.name = item.name + enum.name
-                    yield enum, path + [i, 4]
-
-                if item.nested_type:
-                    for n, p in _traverse(path + [i, 3], item.nested_type):
-                        # Adjust the name since we flatten the heirarchy.
-                        n.name = item.name + n.name
-                        yield n, p
-
-    return itertools.chain(
-        _traverse([5], proto_file.enum_type), _traverse([4], proto_file.message_type)
-    )
-
-
-def get_comment(proto_file, path: List[int]) -> str:
-    for sci in proto_file.source_code_info.location:
-        # print(list(sci.path), path, file=sys.stderr)
-        if list(sci.path) == path and sci.leading_comments:
-            lines = textwrap.wrap(
-                sci.leading_comments.strip().replace("\n", ""), width=75
-            )
-
-            if path[-2] == 2 and path[-4] != 6:
-                # This is a field
-                return "    # " + "\n    # ".join(lines)
-            else:
-                # This is a message, enum, service, or method
-                if len(lines) == 1 and len(lines[0]) < 70:
-                    lines[0] = lines[0].strip('"')
-                    return f'    """{lines[0]}"""'
-                else:
-                    joined = "\n    ".join(lines)
-                    return f'    """\n    {joined}\n    """'
-
-    return ""
-
-
-def generate_code(request, response):
-    env = jinja2.Environment(
-        trim_blocks=True,
-        lstrip_blocks=True,
-        loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader("%s/templates/" % os.path.dirname(__file__)),
-    )
-    template = env.get_template("template.py")
-
-    output_map = {}
-    for proto_file in request.proto_file:
-        out = proto_file.package
-        if out == "google.protobuf":
-            continue
-
-        if not out:
-            out = os.path.splitext(proto_file.name)[0].replace(os.path.sep, ".")
-
-        if out not in output_map:
-            output_map[out] = {"package": proto_file.package, "files": []}
-        output_map[out]["files"].append(proto_file)
-
-    # TODO: Figure out how to handle gRPC request/response messages and add
-    # processing below for Service.
-
-    for filename, options in output_map.items():
-        package = options["package"]
-        # print(package, filename, file=sys.stderr)
-        output = {
-            "package": package,
-            "files": [f.name for f in options["files"]],
-            "imports": set(),
-            "datetime_imports": set(),
-            "typing_imports": set(),
-            "messages": [],
-            "enums": [],
-            "services": [],
-        }
-
-        type_mapping = {}
-
-        for proto_file in options["files"]:
-            # print(proto_file.message_type, file=sys.stderr)
-            # print(proto_file.service, file=sys.stderr)
-            # print(proto_file.source_code_info, file=sys.stderr)
-
-            for item, path in traverse(proto_file):
-                # print(item, file=sys.stderr)
-                # print(path, file=sys.stderr)
-                data = {"name": item.name, "py_name": stringcase.pascalcase(item.name)}
-
-                if isinstance(item, DescriptorProto):
-                    # print(item, file=sys.stderr)
-                    if item.options.map_entry:
-                        # Skip generated map entry messages since we just use dicts
-                        continue
-
-                    data.update(
-                        {
-                            "type": "Message",
-                            "comment": get_comment(proto_file, path),
-                            "properties": [],
-                        }
-                    )
-
-                    for i, f in enumerate(item.field):
-                        t = py_type(package, output["imports"], item, f)
-                        zero = get_py_zero(f.type)
-
-                        repeated = False
-                        packed = False
-
-                        field_type = f.Type.Name(f.type).lower()[5:]
-
-                        field_wraps = ""
-                        if f.type_name.startswith(
-                            ".google.protobuf"
-                        ) and f.type_name.endswith("Value"):
-                            w = f.type_name.split(".").pop()[:-5].upper()
-                            field_wraps = f"betterproto.TYPE_{w}"
-
-                        map_types = None
-                        if f.type == 11:
-                            # This might be a map...
-                            message_type = f.type_name.split(".").pop().lower()
-                            # message_type = py_type(package)
-                            map_entry = f"{f.name.replace('_', '').lower()}entry"
-
-                            if message_type == map_entry:
-                                for nested in item.nested_type:
-                                    if (
-                                        nested.name.replace("_", "").lower()
-                                        == map_entry
-                                    ):
-                                        if nested.options.map_entry:
-                                            # print("Found a map!", file=sys.stderr)
-                                            k = py_type(
-                                                package,
-                                                output["imports"],
-                                                item,
-                                                nested.field[0],
-                                            )
-                                            v = py_type(
-                                                package,
-                                                output["imports"],
-                                                item,
-                                                nested.field[1],
-                                            )
-                                            t = f"Dict[{k}, {v}]"
-                                            field_type = "map"
-                                            map_types = (
-                                                f.Type.Name(nested.field[0].type),
-                                                f.Type.Name(nested.field[1].type),
-                                            )
-                                            output["typing_imports"].add("Dict")
-
-                        if f.label == 3 and field_type != "map":
-                            # Repeated field
-                            repeated = True
-                            t = f"List[{t}]"
-                            zero = "[]"
-                            output["typing_imports"].add("List")
-
-                            if f.type in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18]:
-                                packed = True
-
-                        one_of = ""
-                        if f.HasField("oneof_index"):
-                            one_of = item.oneof_decl[f.oneof_index].name
-
-                        if "Optional[" in t:
-                            output["typing_imports"].add("Optional")
-
-                        if "timedelta" in t:
-                            output["datetime_imports"].add("timedelta")
-                        elif "datetime" in t:
-                            output["datetime_imports"].add("datetime")
-
-                        data["properties"].append(
-                            {
-                                "name": f.name,
-                                "py_name": safe_snake_case(f.name),
-                                "number": f.number,
-                                "comment": get_comment(proto_file, path + [2, i]),
-                                "proto_type": int(f.type),
-                                "field_type": field_type,
-                                "field_wraps": field_wraps,
-                                "map_types": map_types,
-                                "type": t,
-                                "zero": zero,
-                                "repeated": repeated,
-                                "packed": packed,
-                                "one_of": one_of,
-                            }
-                        )
-                        # print(f, file=sys.stderr)
-
-                    output["messages"].append(data)
-                elif isinstance(item, EnumDescriptorProto):
-                    # print(item.name, path, file=sys.stderr)
-                    data.update(
-                        {
-                            "type": "Enum",
-                            "comment": get_comment(proto_file, path),
-                            "entries": [
-                                {
-                                    "name": v.name,
-                                    "value": v.number,
-                                    "comment": get_comment(proto_file, path + [2, i]),
-                                }
-                                for i, v in enumerate(item.value)
-                            ],
-                        }
-                    )
-
-                    output["enums"].append(data)
-
-            for i, service in enumerate(proto_file.service):
-                # print(service, file=sys.stderr)
-
-                data = {
-                    "name": service.name,
-                    "py_name": stringcase.pascalcase(service.name),
-                    "comment": get_comment(proto_file, [6, i]),
-                    "methods": [],
-                }
-
-                for j, method in enumerate(service.method):
-                    if method.client_streaming:
-                        raise NotImplementedError("Client streaming not yet supported")
-
-                    input_message = None
-                    input_type = get_ref_type(
-                        package, output["imports"], method.input_type
-                    ).strip('"')
-                    for msg in output["messages"]:
-                        if msg["name"] == input_type:
-                            input_message = msg
-                            for field in msg["properties"]:
-                                if field["zero"] == "None":
-                                    output["typing_imports"].add("Optional")
-                            break
-
-                    data["methods"].append(
-                        {
-                            "name": method.name,
-                            "py_name": stringcase.snakecase(method.name),
-                            "comment": get_comment(proto_file, [6, i, 2, j]),
-                            "route": f"/{package}.{service.name}/{method.name}",
-                            "input": get_ref_type(
-                                package, output["imports"], method.input_type
-                            ).strip('"'),
-                            "input_message": input_message,
-                            "output": get_ref_type(
-                                package, output["imports"], method.output_type
-                            ).strip('"'),
-                            "client_streaming": method.client_streaming,
-                            "server_streaming": method.server_streaming,
-                        }
-                    )
-
-                    if method.server_streaming:
-                        output["typing_imports"].add("AsyncGenerator")
-
-                output["services"].append(data)
-
-        output["imports"] = sorted(output["imports"])
-        output["datetime_imports"] = sorted(output["datetime_imports"])
-        output["typing_imports"] = sorted(output["typing_imports"])
-
-        # Fill response
-        f = response.file.add()
-        # print(filename, file=sys.stderr)
-        f.name = filename.replace(".", os.path.sep) + ".py"
-
-        # f.content = json.dumps(output, indent=2)
-        f.content = template.render(description=output).rstrip("\n") + "\n"
-
-    inits = set([""])
-    for f in response.file:
-        # Ensure output paths exist
-        # print(f.name, file=sys.stderr)
-        dirnames = os.path.dirname(f.name)
-        if dirnames:
-            os.makedirs(dirnames, exist_ok=True)
-            base = ""
-            for part in dirnames.split(os.path.sep):
-                base = os.path.join(base, part)
-                inits.add(base)
-
-    for base in inits:
-        name = os.path.join(base, "__init__.py")
-
-        if os.path.exists(name):
-            # Never overwrite inits as they may have custom stuff in them.
-            continue
-
-        init = response.file.add()
-        init.name = name
-        init.content = b""
-
-    filenames = sorted([f.name for f in response.file])
-    for fname in filenames:
-        print(f"Writing {fname}", file=sys.stderr)
-
-
-def main():
-    """The plugin's main entry point."""
-    # Read request message from stdin
-    data = sys.stdin.buffer.read()
-
-    # Parse request
-    request = plugin.CodeGeneratorRequest()
-    request.ParseFromString(data)
-
-    # Create response
-    response = plugin.CodeGeneratorResponse()
-
-    # Generate code
-    generate_code(request, response)
-
-    # Serialise response message
-    output = response.SerializeToString()
-
-    # Write to stdout
-    sys.stdout.buffer.write(output)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

betterproto/templates/template.py

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
-# sources: {{ ', '.join(description.files) }}
-# plugin: python-betterproto
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-{% if description.datetime_imports %}
-from datetime import {% for i in description.datetime_imports %}{{ i }}{% if not loop.last %}, {% endif %}{% endfor %}
-
-{% endif%}
-{% if description.typing_imports %}
-from typing import {% for i in description.typing_imports %}{{ i }}{% if not loop.last %}, {% endif %}{% endfor %}
-
-{% endif %}
-
-import betterproto
-{% if description.services %}
-import grpclib
-{% endif %}
-{% for i in description.imports %}
-
-{{ i }}
-{% endfor %}
-
-
-{% if description.enums %}{% for enum in description.enums %}
-class {{ enum.py_name }}(betterproto.Enum):
-    {% if enum.comment %}
-{{ enum.comment }}
-
-    {% endif %}
-    {% for entry in enum.entries %}
-        {% if entry.comment %}
-{{ entry.comment }}
-        {% endif %}
-    {{ entry.name }} = {{ entry.value }}
-    {% endfor %}
-
-
-{% endfor %}
-{% endif %}
-{% for message in description.messages %}
-@dataclass
-class {{ message.py_name }}(betterproto.Message):
-    {% if message.comment %}
-{{ message.comment }}
-
-    {% endif %}
-    {% for field in message.properties %}
-        {% if field.comment %}
-{{ field.comment }}
-        {% endif %}
-    {{ field.py_name }}: {{ field.type }} = betterproto.{{ field.field_type }}_field({{ field.number }}{% if field.field_type == 'map'%}, betterproto.{{ field.map_types[0] }}, betterproto.{{ field.map_types[1] }}{% endif %}{% if field.one_of %}, group="{{ field.one_of }}"{% endif %}{% if field.field_wraps %}, wraps={{ field.field_wraps }}{% endif %})
-    {% endfor %}
-    {% if not message.properties %}
-    pass
-    {% endif %}
-
-
-{% endfor %}
-{% for service in description.services %}
-class {{ service.py_name }}Stub(betterproto.ServiceStub):
-    {% if service.comment %}
-{{ service.comment }}
-
-    {% endif %}
-    {% for method in service.methods %}
-    async def {{ method.py_name }}(self{% if method.input_message and method.input_message.properties %}, *, {% for field in method.input_message.properties %}{{ field.name }}: {% if field.zero == "None" and not field.type.startswith("Optional[") %}Optional[{{ field.type }}]{% else %}{{ field.type }}{% endif %} = {{ field.zero }}{% if not loop.last %}, {% endif %}{% endfor %}{% endif %}) -> {% if method.server_streaming %}AsyncGenerator[{{ method.output }}, None]{% else %}{{ method.output }}{% endif %}:
-        {% if method.comment %}
-{{ method.comment }}
-
-        {% endif %}
-        request = {{ method.input }}()
-        {% for field in method.input_message.properties %}
-            {% if field.field_type == 'message' %}
-        if {{ field.name }} is not None:
-            request.{{ field.name }} = {{ field.name }}
-            {% else %}
-        request.{{ field.name }} = {{ field.name }}
-            {% endif %}
-        {% endfor %}
-
-        {% if method.server_streaming %}
-        async for response in self._unary_stream(
-            "{{ method.route }}",
-            {{ method.input }},
-            {{ method.output }},
-            request,
-        ):
-            yield response
-        {% else %}
-        return await self._unary_unary(
-            "{{ method.route }}",
-            {{ method.input }},
-            {{ method.output }},
-            request,
-        )
-        {% endif %}
-
-    {% endfor %}
-{% endfor %}

betterproto/tests/enums.json

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "greeting": "HEY"
-}

betterproto/tests/enums.proto

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-// Enum for the different greeting types
-enum Greeting {
-  HI = 0;
-  HEY = 1;
-  // Formal greeting
-  HELLO = 2;
-}
-
-message Test {
-  // Greeting enum example
-  Greeting greeting = 1;
-}

betterproto/tests/generate.py

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-import os
-
-# Force pure-python implementation instead of C++, otherwise imports
-# break things because we can't properly reset the symbol database.
-os.environ["PROTOCOL_BUFFERS_PYTHON_IMPLEMENTATION"] = "python"
-
-import importlib
-import json
-import subprocess
-import sys
-from typing import Generator, Tuple
-
-from google.protobuf import symbol_database
-from google.protobuf.descriptor_pool import DescriptorPool
-from google.protobuf.json_format import MessageToJson, Parse
-
-
-root = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
-
-
-def get_files(end: str) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
-    for r, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
-        for filename in [f for f in files if f.endswith(end)]:
-            yield os.path.join(r, filename)
-
-
-def get_base(filename: str) -> str:
-    return os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(filename))[0]
-
-
-def ensure_ext(filename: str, ext: str) -> str:
-    if not filename.endswith(ext):
-        return filename + ext
-    return filename
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    os.chdir(root)
-
-    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
-        proto_files = [ensure_ext(f, ".proto") for f in sys.argv[1:]]
-        bases = {get_base(f) for f in proto_files}
-        json_files = [
-            f for f in get_files(".json") if get_base(f).split("-")[0] in bases
-        ]
-    else:
-        proto_files = get_files(".proto")
-        json_files = get_files(".json")
-
-    for filename in proto_files:
-        print(f"Generating code for {os.path.basename(filename)}")
-        subprocess.run(
-            f"protoc --python_out=. {os.path.basename(filename)}", shell=True
-        )
-        subprocess.run(
-            f"protoc --plugin=protoc-gen-custom=../plugin.py --custom_out=. {os.path.basename(filename)}",
-            shell=True,
-        )
-
-    for filename in json_files:
-        # Reset the internal symbol database so we can import the `Test` message
-        # multiple times. Ugh.
-        sym = symbol_database.Default()
-        sym.pool = DescriptorPool()
-
-        parts = get_base(filename).split("-")
-        out = filename.replace(".json", ".bin")
-        print(f"Using {parts[0]}_pb2 to generate {os.path.basename(out)}")
-
-        imported = importlib.import_module(f"{parts[0]}_pb2")
-        input_json = open(filename).read()
-        parsed = Parse(input_json, imported.Test())
-        serialized = parsed.SerializeToString()
-        preserve = "casing" not in filename
-        serialized_json = MessageToJson(parsed, preserving_proto_field_name=preserve)
-
-        s_loaded = json.loads(serialized_json)
-        in_loaded = json.loads(input_json)
-
-        if s_loaded != in_loaded:
-            raise AssertionError("Expected JSON to be equal:", s_loaded, in_loaded)
-
-        open(out, "wb").write(serialized)

betterproto/tests/int32-negative.json

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "count": -150
-}

betterproto/tests/int32.json

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "count": 150
-}

betterproto/tests/keywords.json

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "for": 1,
-  "with": 2,
-  "as": 3
-}

betterproto/tests/keywords.proto

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-message Test {
-  int32 for = 1;
-  int32 with = 2;
-  int32 as = 3;
-}

betterproto/tests/oneof-name.json

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "foo"
-}

betterproto/tests/oneof.json

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "count": 1
-}

betterproto/tests/oneof.proto

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-message Test {
-  oneof foo {
-    int32 count = 1;
-    string name = 2;
-  }
-}

betterproto/tests/signed-negative.json

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "signed_32": -150,
-  "signed_64": "-150"
-}

betterproto/tests/signed.json

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "signed_32": 150,
-  "signed_64": "150"
-}

betterproto/tests/signed.proto

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-message Test {
-    sint32 signed_32 = 1;
-    sint64 signed_64 = 2;
-}

betterproto/tests/test_features.py

@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-import betterproto
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Optional
-
-
-def test_has_field():
-    @dataclass
-    class Bar(betterproto.Message):
-        baz: int = betterproto.int32_field(1)
-
-    @dataclass
-    class Foo(betterproto.Message):
-        bar: Bar = betterproto.message_field(1)
-
-    # Unset by default
-    foo = Foo()
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.bar) == False
-
-    # Serialized after setting something
-    foo.bar.baz = 1
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.bar) == True
-
-    # Still has it after setting the default value
-    foo.bar.baz = 0
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.bar) == True
-
-    # Manual override (don't do this)
-    foo.bar._serialized_on_wire = False
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.bar) == False
-
-    # Can manually set it but defaults to false
-    foo.bar = Bar()
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.bar) == False
-
-
-def test_enum_as_int_json():
-    class TestEnum(betterproto.Enum):
-        ZERO = 0
-        ONE = 1
-
-    @dataclass
-    class Foo(betterproto.Message):
-        bar: TestEnum = betterproto.enum_field(1)
-
-    # JSON strings are supported, but ints should still be supported too.
-    foo = Foo().from_dict({"bar": 1})
-    assert foo.bar == TestEnum.ONE
-
-    # Plain-ol'-ints should serialize properly too.
-    foo.bar = 1
-    assert foo.to_dict() == {"bar": "ONE"}
-
-
-def test_unknown_fields():
-    @dataclass
-    class Newer(betterproto.Message):
-        foo: bool = betterproto.bool_field(1)
-        bar: int = betterproto.int32_field(2)
-        baz: str = betterproto.string_field(3)
-
-    @dataclass
-    class Older(betterproto.Message):
-        foo: bool = betterproto.bool_field(1)
-
-    newer = Newer(foo=True, bar=1, baz="Hello")
-    serialized_newer = bytes(newer)
-
-    # Unknown fields in `Newer` should round trip with `Older`
-    round_trip = bytes(Older().parse(serialized_newer))
-    assert serialized_newer == round_trip
-
-    new_again = Newer().parse(round_trip)
-    assert newer == new_again
-
-
-def test_oneof_support():
-    @dataclass
-    class Sub(betterproto.Message):
-        val: int = betterproto.int32_field(1)
-
-    @dataclass
-    class Foo(betterproto.Message):
-        bar: int = betterproto.int32_field(1, group="group1")
-        baz: str = betterproto.string_field(2, group="group1")
-        sub: Sub = betterproto.message_field(3, group="group2")
-        abc: str = betterproto.string_field(4, group="group2")
-
-    foo = Foo()
-
-    assert betterproto.which_one_of(foo, "group1")[0] == ""
-
-    foo.bar = 1
-    foo.baz = "test"
-
-    # Other oneof fields should now be unset
-    assert foo.bar == 0
-    assert betterproto.which_one_of(foo, "group1")[0] == "baz"
-
-    foo.sub.val = 1
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.sub)
-
-    foo.abc = "test"
-
-    # Group 1 shouldn't be touched, group 2 should have reset
-    assert foo.sub.val == 0
-    assert betterproto.serialized_on_wire(foo.sub) == False
-    assert betterproto.which_one_of(foo, "group2")[0] == "abc"
-
-    # Zero value should always serialize for one-of
-    foo = Foo(bar=0)
-    assert betterproto.which_one_of(foo, "group1")[0] == "bar"
-    assert bytes(foo) == b"\x08\x00"
-
-    # Round trip should also work
-    foo2 = Foo().parse(bytes(foo))
-    assert betterproto.which_one_of(foo2, "group1")[0] == "bar"
-    assert foo.bar == 0
-    assert betterproto.which_one_of(foo2, "group2")[0] == ""
-
-
-def test_json_casing():
-    @dataclass
-    class CasingTest(betterproto.Message):
-        pascal_case: int = betterproto.int32_field(1)
-        camel_case: int = betterproto.int32_field(2)
-        snake_case: int = betterproto.int32_field(3)
-        kabob_case: int = betterproto.int32_field(4)
-
-    # Parsing should accept almost any input
-    test = CasingTest().from_dict(
-        {"PascalCase": 1, "camelCase": 2, "snake_case": 3, "kabob-case": 4}
-    )
-
-    assert test == CasingTest(1, 2, 3, 4)
-
-    # Serializing should be strict.
-    assert test.to_dict() == {
-        "pascalCase": 1,
-        "camelCase": 2,
-        "snakeCase": 3,
-        "kabobCase": 4,
-    }
-
-    assert test.to_dict(casing=betterproto.Casing.SNAKE) == {
-        "pascal_case": 1,
-        "camel_case": 2,
-        "snake_case": 3,
-        "kabob_case": 4,
-    }
-
-
-def test_optional_flag():
-    @dataclass
-    class Request(betterproto.Message):
-        flag: Optional[bool] = betterproto.message_field(1, wraps=betterproto.TYPE_BOOL)
-
-    # Serialization of not passed vs. set vs. zero-value.
-    assert bytes(Request()) == b""
-    assert bytes(Request(flag=True)) == b"\n\x02\x08\x01"
-    assert bytes(Request(flag=False)) == b"\n\x00"
-
-    # Differentiate between not passed and the zero-value.
-    assert Request().parse(b"").flag == None
-    assert Request().parse(b"\n\x00").flag == False

betterproto/tests/test_inputs.py

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-import importlib
-import json
-
-import pytest
-
-from .generate import get_base, get_files
-
-inputs = get_files(".bin")
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("filename", inputs)
-def test_sample(filename: str) -> None:
-    module = get_base(filename).split("-")[0]
-    imported = importlib.import_module(f"betterproto.tests.{module}")
-    data_binary = open(filename, "rb").read()
-    data_dict = json.loads(open(filename.replace(".bin", ".json")).read())
-    t1 = imported.Test().parse(data_binary)
-    t2 = imported.Test().from_dict(data_dict)
-    print(t1)
-    print(t2)
-
-    # Equality should automagically work for dataclasses!
-    assert t1 == t2
-
-    # Generally this can't be relied on, but here we are aiming to match the
-    # existing Python implementation and aren't doing anything tricky.
-    # https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/encoding#implications
-    assert bytes(t1) == data_binary
-    assert bytes(t2) == data_binary
-
-    assert t1.to_dict() == data_dict
-    assert t2.to_dict() == data_dict

docs/api.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+.. currentmodule:: betterproto
+
+API reference
+=============
+
+The following document outlines betterproto's api. **None** of these classes should be
+extended by the user manually.
+
+
+Message
+--------
+
+.. autoclass:: betterproto.Message
+    :members:
+    :special-members: __bytes__, __bool__
+
+
+.. autofunction:: betterproto.serialized_on_wire
+
+.. autofunction:: betterproto.which_one_of
+
+
+Enumerations
+-------------
+
+.. autoclass:: betterproto.Enum()
+    :members:
+
+
+.. autoclass:: betterproto.Casing()
+    :members:

docs/conf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.
+#
+# This file only contains a selection of the most common options. For a full
+# list see the documentation:
+# https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html
+
+# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
+# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
+# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
+
+import pathlib
+
+import toml
+
+
+# -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------
+
+project = "betterproto"
+copyright = "2019 Daniel G. Taylor"
+author = "danielgtaylor"
+pyproject = toml.load(open(pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.parent / "pyproject.toml"))
+
+
+# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
+release = pyproject["tool"]["poetry"]["version"]
+
+
+# -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
+
+# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
+# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
+# ones.
+extensions = [
+    "sphinx.ext.autodoc",
+    "sphinx.ext.intersphinx",
+    "sphinx.ext.napoleon",
+]
+
+autodoc_member_order = "bysource"
+autodoc_typehints = "none"
+
+extlinks = {
+    "issue": ("https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto/issues/%s", "GH-"),
+}
+
+# Links used for cross-referencing stuff in other documentation
+intersphinx_mapping = {
+    "py": ("https://docs.python.org/3", None),
+}
+
+
+# -- Options for HTML output -------------------------------------------------
+
+# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
+pygments_style = "friendly"
+
+# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
+# a list of builtin themes.
+
+html_theme = "sphinx_rtd_theme"

docs/index.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+Welcome to betterproto's documentation!
+=======================================
+
+betterproto is a protobuf compiler and interpreter. It improves the experience of using
+Protobuf and gRPC in Python, by generating readable, understandable, and idiomatic
+Python code, using modern language features.
+
+
+Features:
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+- Generated messages are both binary & JSON serializable
+- Messages use relevant python types, e.g. ``Enum``, ``datetime`` and ``timedelta``
+  objects
+- ``async``/``await`` support for gRPC Clients and Servers
+- Generates modern, readable, idiomatic python code
+
+Contents:
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 2
+
+    quick-start
+    api
+    migrating
+
+
+If you still can't find what you're looking for, try in one of the following pages:
+
+* :ref:`genindex`
+* :ref:`modindex`
+* :ref:`search`

docs/migrating.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+Migrating Guide
+===============
+
+Google's protocolbuffers
+------------------------
+
+betterproto has a mostly 1 to 1 drop in replacement for Google's protocolbuffers (after
+regenerating your protobufs of course) although there are some minor differences.
+
+.. note::
+
+    betterproto implements the same basic methods including:
+
+        - :meth:`betterproto.Message.FromString`
+        - :meth:`betterproto.Message.SerializeToString`
+
+    for compatibility purposes, however it is important to note that these are
+    effectively aliases for :meth:`betterproto.Message.parse` and
+    :meth:`betterproto.Message.__bytes__` respectively.
+
+
+Determining if a message was sent
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sometimes it is useful to be able to determine whether a message has been sent on
+the wire. This is how the Google wrapper types work to let you know whether a value is
+unset (set as the default/zero value), or set as something else, for example.
+
+Use ``betterproto.serialized_on_wire(message)`` to determine if it was sent. This is
+a little bit different from the official Google generated Python code, and it lives
+outside the generated ``Message`` class to prevent name clashes. Note that it only
+supports Proto 3 and thus can only be used to check if ``Message`` fields are set.
+You cannot check if a scalar was sent on the wire.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # Old way (official Google Protobuf package)
+    >>> mymessage.HasField('myfield')
+    True
+
+    # New way (this project)
+    >>> betterproto.serialized_on_wire(mymessage.myfield)
+    True
+
+
+One-of Support
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Protobuf supports grouping fields in a oneof clause. Only one of the fields in the group
+may be set at a given time. For example, given the proto:
+
+.. code-block:: proto
+
+    syntax = "proto3";
+
+    message Test {
+      oneof foo {
+        bool on = 1;
+        int32 count = 2;
+        string name = 3;
+      }
+    }
+
+You can use ``betterproto.which_one_of(message, group_name)`` to determine which of the
+fields was set. It returns a tuple of the field name and value, or a blank string and
+``None`` if unset. Again this is a little different than the official Google code
+generator:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # Old way (official Google protobuf package)
+    >>> message.WhichOneof("group")
+    "foo"
+
+    # New way (this project)
+    >>> betterproto.which_one_of(message, "group")
+    ("foo", "foo's value")
+
+
+Well-Known Google Types
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Google provides several well-known message types like a timestamp, duration, and several
+wrappers used to provide optional zero value support. Each of these has a special JSON
+representation and is handled a little differently from normal messages. The Python
+mapping for these is as follows:
+
++-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
+| ``Google Message``            | ``Python Type``                               | ``Default``              |
++===============================+===============================================+==========================+
+| ``google.protobuf.duration``  | :class:`datetime.timedelta`                   | ``0``                    |
++-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
+| ``google.protobuf.timestamp`` | ``Timezone-aware`` :class:`datetime.datetime` | ``1970-01-01T00:00:00Z`` |
++-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
+| ``google.protobuf.*Value``    | ``Optional[...]``/``None``                    | ``None``                 |
++-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
+| ``google.protobuf.*``         | ``betterproto.lib.google.protobuf.*``         | ``None``                 |
++-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
+
+
+For the wrapper types, the Python type corresponds to the wrapped type, e.g.
+``google.protobuf.BoolValue`` becomes ``Optional[bool]`` while
+``google.protobuf.Int32Value`` becomes ``Optional[int]``. All of the optional values
+default to None, so don't forget to check for that possible state.
+
+Given:
+
+.. code-block:: proto
+
+    syntax = "proto3";
+
+    import "google/protobuf/duration.proto";
+    import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";
+    import "google/protobuf/wrappers.proto";
+
+    message Test {
+      google.protobuf.BoolValue maybe = 1;
+      google.protobuf.Timestamp ts = 2;
+      google.protobuf.Duration duration = 3;
+    }
+
+You can use it as such:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    >>> t = Test().from_dict({"maybe": True, "ts": "2019-01-01T12:00:00Z", "duration": "1.200s"})
+    >>> t
+    Test(maybe=True, ts=datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 12, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc), duration=datetime.timedelta(seconds=1, microseconds=200000))
+
+    >>> t.ts - t.duration
+    datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 1, 11, 59, 58, 800000, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
+
+    >>> t.ts.isoformat()
+    '2019-01-01T12:00:00+00:00'
+
+    >>> t.maybe = None
+    >>> t.to_dict()
+    {'ts': '2019-01-01T12:00:00Z', 'duration': '1.200s'}
+
+
+[1.2.5] to [2.0.0b1]
+--------------------
+
+Updated package structures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Generated code now strictly follows the *package structure* of the ``.proto`` files.
+Consequently ``.proto`` files without a package will be combined in a single
+``__init__.py`` file. To avoid overwriting existing ``__init__.py`` files, its best
+to compile into a dedicated subdirectory.
+
+Upgrading:
+
+- Remove your previously compiled ``.py`` files.
+- Create a new *empty* directory, e.g. ``generated`` or ``lib/generated/proto`` etc.
+- Regenerate your python files into this directory
+- Update import statements, e.g. ``import ExampleMessage from generated``

docs/quick-start.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+Getting Started
+===============
+
+Installation
+++++++++++++
+
+Installation from PyPI is as simple as running:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    python3 -m pip install -U betterproto
+
+If you are using Windows, then the following should be used instead:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    py -3 -m pip install -U betterproto
+
+To include the protoc plugin, install betterproto[compiler] instead of betterproto,
+e.g.
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    python3 -m pip install -U "betterproto[compiler]"
+
+Compiling proto files
++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+
+Given you installed the compiler and have a proto file, e.g ``example.proto``:
+
+.. code-block:: proto
+
+    syntax = "proto3";
+
+    package hello;
+
+    // Greeting represents a message you can tell a user.
+    message Greeting {
+      string message = 1;
+    }
+
+To compile the proto you would run the following:
+
+You can run the following to invoke protoc directly:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    mkdir hello
+    protoc -I . --python_betterproto_out=lib example.proto
+
+or run the following to invoke protoc via grpcio-tools:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    pip install grpcio-tools
+    python -m grpc_tools.protoc -I . --python_betterproto_out=lib example.proto
+
+
+This will generate ``lib/__init__.py`` which looks like:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+    # sources: example.proto
+    # plugin: python-betterproto
+    from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+    import betterproto
+
+
+    @dataclass
+    class Greeting(betterproto.Message):
+        """Greeting represents a message you can tell a user."""
+
+        message: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+
+
+Then to use it:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    >>> from lib import Greeting
+
+    >>> test = Greeting()
+    >>> test
+    Greeting(message='')
+
+    >>> test.message = "Hey!"
+    >>> test
+    Greeting(message="Hey!")
+
+    >>> bytes(test)
+    b'\n\x04Hey!'
+    >>> Greeting().parse(serialized)
+    Greeting(message="Hey!")
+
+
+Async gRPC Support
+++++++++++++++++++
+
+The generated code includes `grpclib <https://grpclib.readthedocs.io/en/latest>`_ based
+stub (client and server) classes for rpc services declared in the input proto files.
+It is enabled by default.
+
+
+Given a service definition similar to the one below:
+
+.. code-block:: proto
+
+    syntax = "proto3";
+
+    package echo;
+
+    message EchoRequest {
+      string value = 1;
+      // Number of extra times to echo
+      uint32 extra_times = 2;
+    }
+
+    message EchoResponse {
+      repeated string values = 1;
+    }
+
+    message EchoStreamResponse  {
+      string value = 1;
+    }
+
+    service Echo {
+      rpc Echo(EchoRequest) returns (EchoResponse);
+      rpc EchoStream(EchoRequest) returns (stream EchoStreamResponse);
+    }
+
+The generated client can be used like so:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    import asyncio
+    from grpclib.client import Channel
+    import echo
+
+
+    async def main():
+        channel = Channel(host="127.0.0.1", port=50051)
+        service = echo.EchoStub(channel)
+        response = await service.echo(value="hello", extra_times=1)
+        print(response)
+
+        async for response in service.echo_stream(value="hello", extra_times=1):
+            print(response)
+
+        # don't forget to close the channel when you're done!
+        channel.close()
+
+    asyncio.run(main())  # python 3.7 only
+
+    # outputs
+    EchoResponse(values=['hello', 'hello'])
+    EchoStreamResponse(value='hello')
+    EchoStreamResponse(value='hello')
+
+
+The server-facing stubs can be used to implement a Python
+gRPC server.
+To use them, simply subclass the base class in the generated files and override the
+service methods:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from echo import EchoBase
+    from grpclib.server import Server
+    from typing import AsyncIterator
+
+
+    class EchoService(EchoBase):
+        async def echo(self, value: str, extra_times: int) -> "EchoResponse":
+            return value
+
+        async def echo_stream(
+            self, value: str, extra_times: int
+        ) -> AsyncIterator["EchoStreamResponse"]:
+            for _ in range(extra_times):
+                yield value
+
+
+    async def start_server():
+        HOST = "127.0.0.1"
+        PORT = 1337
+        server = Server([EchoService()])
+        await server.start(HOST, PORT)
+        await server.serve_forever()
+
+JSON
+++++
+Message objects include :meth:`betterproto.Message.to_json` and
+:meth:`betterproto.Message.from_json` methods for JSON (de)serialisation, and
+:meth:`betterproto.Message.to_dict`, :meth:`betterproto.Message.from_dict` for
+converting back and forth from JSON serializable dicts.
+
+For compatibility the default is to convert field names to
+:attr:`betterproto.Casing.CAMEL`. You can control this behavior by passing a
+different casing value, e.g:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    @dataclass
+    class MyMessage(betterproto.Message):
+        a_long_field_name: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+
+
+    >>> test = MyMessage(a_long_field_name="Hello World!")
+    >>> test.to_dict(betterproto.Casing.SNAKE)
+    {"a_long_field_name": "Hello World!"}
+    >>> test.to_dict(betterproto.Casing.CAMEL)
+    {"aLongFieldName": "Hello World!"}
+
+    >>> test.to_json(indent=2)
+    '{\n  "aLongFieldName": "Hello World!"\n}'
+
+    >>> test.from_dict({"aLongFieldName": "Goodbye World!"})
+    >>> test.a_long_field_name
+    "Goodbye World!"

package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+{
+    "name": "python-betterproto-semantic-release",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "description": "Encapsulate dependencies needed to use semantic-release",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "@semantic-release/exec": "^5.0.0",
+        "@semantic-release/git": "^9.0.0",
+        "@semantic-release/gitlab": "^6.0.4",
+        "conventional-changelog-eslint": "^3.0.8",
+        "semantic-release": "^17.1.1"
+    },
+    "release": {
+        "branches": [
+            "master",
+            {
+                "name": "rc",
+                "prerelease": true
+            }
+        ],
+        "plugins": [
+            [
+                "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
+                {
+                    "preset": "angular"
+                }
+            ],
+            [
+                "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
+                {
+                    "preset": "angular"
+                }
+            ],
+            [
+                "@semantic-release/exec",
+                {
+                    "prepareCmd": "poetry version ${nextRelease.version}"
+                }
+            ],
+            "@semantic-release/github",
+            [
+                "@semantic-release/git",
+                {
+                    "assets": [
+                        "pyproject.toml"
+                    ],
+                    "message": "Release v${nextRelease.version} [skip ci]"
+                }
+            ]
+        ],
+        "repositoryUrl": "ssh://git@github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto.git"
+    }
+}

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,9 +1,125 @@
-[tool.black]
-target-version = ['py37']
+[tool.poetry]
+name = "betterproto"
+version = "2.0.0b3"
+description = "A better Protobuf / gRPC generator & library"
+authors = ["Daniel G. Taylor <danielgtaylor@gmail.com>"]
+readme = "README.md"
+repository = "https://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto"
+keywords = ["protobuf", "gRPC"]
+license = "MIT"
+packages = [
+    { include = "betterproto", from = "src" }
+]
 
-[tool.isort]
-multi_line_output = 3
-include_trailing_comma = true
-force_grid_wrap = 0
-use_parentheses = true
-line_length = 88
+[tool.poetry.dependencies]
+python = "^3.6"
+black = { version = ">=19.3b0", optional = true }
+dataclasses = { version = "^0.7", python = ">=3.6, <3.7" }
+grpclib = "^0.4.1"
+jinja2 = { version = "^2.11.2", optional = true }
+python-dateutil = "^2.8"
+
+[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
+asv = "^0.4.2"
+black = "^20.8b1"
+bpython = "^0.19"
+grpcio-tools = "^1.30.0"
+jinja2 = "^2.11.2"
+mypy = "^0.770"
+poethepoet = ">=0.9.0"
+protobuf = "^3.12.2"
+pytest = "^5.4.2"
+pytest-asyncio = "^0.12.0"
+pytest-cov = "^2.9.0"
+pytest-mock = "^3.1.1"
+sphinx = "3.1.2"
+sphinx-rtd-theme = "0.5.0"
+tomlkit = "^0.7.0"
+tox = "^3.15.1"
+
+
+[tool.poetry.scripts]
+protoc-gen-python_betterproto = "betterproto.plugin:main"
+
+[tool.poetry.extras]
+compiler = ["black", "jinja2"]
+
+
+# Dev workflow tasks
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.generate]
+script = "tests.generate:main"
+help = "Generate test cases (do this once before running test)"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.test]
+cmd = "pytest"
+help = "Run tests"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.types]
+cmd  = "mypy src --ignore-missing-imports"
+help = "Check types with mypy"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.format]
+cmd  = "black . --exclude tests/output_"
+help = "Apply black formatting to source code"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.docs]
+cmd  = "sphinx-build docs docs/build"
+help = "Build the sphinx docs"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.bench]
+shell = "asv run master^! && asv run HEAD^! && asv compare master HEAD"
+help  = "Benchmark current commit vs. master branch"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.clean]
+cmd  = """
+rm -rf .asv .coverage .mypy_cache .pytest_cache
+       dist betterproto.egg-info **/__pycache__
+       testsoutput_*
+"""
+help = "Clean out generated files from the workspace"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.generate_lib]
+cmd = """
+protoc
+    --plugin=protoc-gen-custom=src/betterproto/plugin/main.py
+    --custom_opt=INCLUDE_GOOGLE
+    --custom_out=src/betterproto/lib
+    -I /usr/local/include/
+    /usr/local/include/google/protobuf/**/*.proto
+"""
+help = "Regenerate the types in betterproto.lib.google"
+
+# CI tasks
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.full-test]
+shell = "poe generate && tox"
+help = "Run tests with multiple pythons"
+
+[tool.poe.tasks.check-style]
+cmd = "black . --check --diff --exclude tests/output_"
+help = "Check if code style is correct"
+
+
+[tool.black]
+target-version = ['py36']
+
+[tool.coverage.run]
+omit = ["betterproto/tests/*"]
+
+[tool.tox]
+legacy_tox_ini = """
+[tox]
+isolated_build = true
+envlist = py36, py37, py38
+
+[testenv]
+whitelist_externals = poetry
+commands =
+    poetry install -v --extras compiler
+    poetry run pytest --cov betterproto
+"""
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["poetry-core>=1.0.0,<2"]
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"

pytest.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[pytest]
+python_files = test_*.py
+python_classes =
+norecursedirs = **/output_*
+addopts = -p no:warnings

setup.py

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-from setuptools import setup, find_packages
-
-setup(
-    name="betterproto",
-    version="1.1.0",
-    description="A better Protobuf / gRPC generator & library",
-    long_description=open("README.md", "r").read(),
-    long_description_content_type="text/markdown",
-    url="http://github.com/danielgtaylor/python-betterproto",
-    author="Daniel G. Taylor",
-    author_email="danielgtaylor@gmail.com",
-    license="MIT",
-    entry_points={
-        "console_scripts": ["protoc-gen-python_betterproto=betterproto.plugin:main"]
-    },
-    packages=find_packages(
-        exclude=["tests", "*.tests", "*.tests.*", "output", "output.*"]
-    ),
-    package_data={"betterproto": ["py.typed", "templates/template.py"]},
-    python_requires=">=3.7",
-    install_requires=["grpclib", "stringcase"],
-    extras_require={"compiler": ["jinja2", "protobuf"]},
-    zip_safe=False,
-)

src/betterproto/_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, TypeVar
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from grpclib._typing import IProtoMessage
+    from . import Message
+
+# Bound type variable to allow methods to return `self` of subclasses
+T = TypeVar("T", bound="Message")
+ST = TypeVar("ST", bound="IProtoMessage")

src/betterproto/_version.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from pkg_resources import get_distribution
+
+__version__ = get_distribution("betterproto").version

src/betterproto/casing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+import keyword
+import re
+
+# Word delimiters and symbols that will not be preserved when re-casing.
+# language=PythonRegExp
+SYMBOLS = "[^a-zA-Z0-9]*"
+
+# Optionally capitalized word.
+# language=PythonRegExp
+WORD = "[A-Z]*[a-z]*[0-9]*"
+
+# Uppercase word, not followed by lowercase letters.
+# language=PythonRegExp
+WORD_UPPER = "[A-Z]+(?![a-z])[0-9]*"
+
+
+def safe_snake_case(value: str) -> str:
+    """Snake case a value taking into account Python keywords."""
+    value = snake_case(value)
+    value = sanitize_name(value)
+    return value
+
+
+def snake_case(value: str, strict: bool = True) -> str:
+    """
+    Join words with an underscore into lowercase and remove symbols.
+
+    Parameters
+    -----------
+    value: :class:`str`
+        The value to convert.
+    strict: :class:`bool`
+        Whether or not to force single underscores.
+
+    Returns
+    --------
+    :class:`str`
+        The value in snake_case.
+    """
+
+    def substitute_word(symbols: str, word: str, is_start: bool) -> str:
+        if not word:
+            return ""
+        if strict:
+            delimiter_count = 0 if is_start else 1  # Single underscore if strict.
+        elif is_start:
+            delimiter_count = len(symbols)
+        elif word.isupper() or word.islower():
+            delimiter_count = max(
+                1, len(symbols)
+            )  # Preserve all delimiters if not strict.
+        else:
+            delimiter_count = len(symbols) + 1  # Extra underscore for leading capital.
+
+        return ("_" * delimiter_count) + word.lower()
+
+    snake = re.sub(
+        f"(^)?({SYMBOLS})({WORD_UPPER}|{WORD})",
+        lambda groups: substitute_word(groups[2], groups[3], groups[1] is not None),
+        value,
+    )
+    return snake
+
+
+def pascal_case(value: str, strict: bool = True) -> str:
+    """
+    Capitalize each word and remove symbols.
+
+    Parameters
+    -----------
+    value: :class:`str`
+        The value to convert.
+    strict: :class:`bool`
+        Whether or not to output only alphanumeric characters.
+
+    Returns
+    --------
+    :class:`str`
+        The value in PascalCase.
+    """
+
+    def substitute_word(symbols, word):
+        if strict:
+            return word.capitalize()  # Remove all delimiters
+
+        if word.islower():
+            delimiter_length = len(symbols[:-1])  # Lose one delimiter
+        else:
+            delimiter_length = len(symbols)  # Preserve all delimiters
+
+        return ("_" * delimiter_length) + word.capitalize()
+
+    return re.sub(
+        f"({SYMBOLS})({WORD_UPPER}|{WORD})",
+        lambda groups: substitute_word(groups[1], groups[2]),
+        value,
+    )
+
+
+def camel_case(value: str, strict: bool = True) -> str:
+    """
+    Capitalize all words except first and remove symbols.
+
+    Parameters
+    -----------
+    value: :class:`str`
+        The value to convert.
+    strict: :class:`bool`
+        Whether or not to output only alphanumeric characters.
+
+    Returns
+    --------
+    :class:`str`
+        The value in camelCase.
+    """
+    return lowercase_first(pascal_case(value, strict=strict))
+
+
+def lowercase_first(value: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Lower cases the first character of the value.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    value: :class:`str`
+        The value to lower case.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    :class:`str`
+        The lower cased string.
+    """
+    return value[0:1].lower() + value[1:]
+
+
+def is_reserved_name(value: str) -> bool:
+    if keyword.iskeyword(value):
+        return True
+
+    if value in ("bytes", "str"):
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def sanitize_name(value: str) -> str:
+    # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#descriptive-naming-styles
+    return f"{value}_" if is_reserved_name(value) else value

src/betterproto/compile/importing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+import os
+import re
+from typing import Dict, List, Set, Tuple, Type
+
+from ..casing import safe_snake_case
+from ..lib.google import protobuf as google_protobuf
+from .naming import pythonize_class_name
+
+WRAPPER_TYPES: Dict[str, Type] = {
+    ".google.protobuf.DoubleValue": google_protobuf.DoubleValue,
+    ".google.protobuf.FloatValue": google_protobuf.FloatValue,
+    ".google.protobuf.Int32Value": google_protobuf.Int32Value,
+    ".google.protobuf.Int64Value": google_protobuf.Int64Value,
+    ".google.protobuf.UInt32Value": google_protobuf.UInt32Value,
+    ".google.protobuf.UInt64Value": google_protobuf.UInt64Value,
+    ".google.protobuf.BoolValue": google_protobuf.BoolValue,
+    ".google.protobuf.StringValue": google_protobuf.StringValue,
+    ".google.protobuf.BytesValue": google_protobuf.BytesValue,
+}
+
+
+def parse_source_type_name(field_type_name: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    """
+    Split full source type name into package and type name.
+    E.g. 'root.package.Message' -> ('root.package', 'Message')
+         'root.Message.SomeEnum' -> ('root', 'Message.SomeEnum')
+    """
+    package_match = re.match(r"^\.?([^A-Z]+)\.(.+)", field_type_name)
+    if package_match:
+        package = package_match.group(1)
+        name = package_match.group(2)
+    else:
+        package = ""
+        name = field_type_name.lstrip(".")
+    return package, name
+
+
+def get_type_reference(
+    package: str, imports: set, source_type: str, unwrap: bool = True
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Return a Python type name for a proto type reference. Adds the import if
+    necessary. Unwraps well known type if required.
+    """
+    if unwrap:
+        if source_type in WRAPPER_TYPES:
+            wrapped_type = type(WRAPPER_TYPES[source_type]().value)
+            return f"Optional[{wrapped_type.__name__}]"
+
+        if source_type == ".google.protobuf.Duration":
+            return "timedelta"
+
+        elif source_type == ".google.protobuf.Timestamp":
+            return "datetime"
+
+    source_package, source_type = parse_source_type_name(source_type)
+
+    current_package: List[str] = package.split(".") if package else []
+    py_package: List[str] = source_package.split(".") if source_package else []
+    py_type: str = pythonize_class_name(source_type)
+
+    compiling_google_protobuf = current_package == ["google", "protobuf"]
+    importing_google_protobuf = py_package == ["google", "protobuf"]
+    if importing_google_protobuf and not compiling_google_protobuf:
+        py_package = ["betterproto", "lib"] + py_package
+
+    if py_package[:1] == ["betterproto"]:
+        return reference_absolute(imports, py_package, py_type)
+
+    if py_package == current_package:
+        return reference_sibling(py_type)
+
+    if py_package[: len(current_package)] == current_package:
+        return reference_descendent(current_package, imports, py_package, py_type)
+
+    if current_package[: len(py_package)] == py_package:
+        return reference_ancestor(current_package, imports, py_package, py_type)
+
+    return reference_cousin(current_package, imports, py_package, py_type)
+
+
+def reference_absolute(imports: Set[str], py_package: List[str], py_type: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns a reference to a python type located in the root, i.e. sys.path.
+    """
+    string_import = ".".join(py_package)
+    string_alias = safe_snake_case(string_import)
+    imports.add(f"import {string_import} as {string_alias}")
+    return f'"{string_alias}.{py_type}"'
+
+
+def reference_sibling(py_type: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns a reference to a python type within the same package as the current package.
+    """
+    return f'"{py_type}"'
+
+
+def reference_descendent(
+    current_package: List[str], imports: Set[str], py_package: List[str], py_type: str
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns a reference to a python type in a package that is a descendent of the
+    current package, and adds the required import that is aliased to avoid name
+    conflicts.
+    """
+    importing_descendent = py_package[len(current_package) :]
+    string_from = ".".join(importing_descendent[:-1])
+    string_import = importing_descendent[-1]
+    if string_from:
+        string_alias = "_".join(importing_descendent)
+        imports.add(f"from .{string_from} import {string_import} as {string_alias}")
+        return f'"{string_alias}.{py_type}"'
+    else:
+        imports.add(f"from . import {string_import}")
+        return f'"{string_import}.{py_type}"'
+
+
+def reference_ancestor(
+    current_package: List[str], imports: Set[str], py_package: List[str], py_type: str
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns a reference to a python type in a package which is an ancestor to the
+    current package, and adds the required import that is aliased (if possible) to avoid
+    name conflicts.
+
+    Adds trailing __ to avoid name mangling (python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#id34).
+    """
+    distance_up = len(current_package) - len(py_package)
+    if py_package:
+        string_import = py_package[-1]
+        string_alias = f"_{'_' * distance_up}{string_import}__"
+        string_from = f"..{'.' * distance_up}"
+        imports.add(f"from {string_from} import {string_import} as {string_alias}")
+        return f'"{string_alias}.{py_type}"'
+    else:
+        string_alias = f"{'_' * distance_up}{py_type}__"
+        imports.add(f"from .{'.' * distance_up} import {py_type} as {string_alias}")
+        return f'"{string_alias}"'
+
+
+def reference_cousin(
+    current_package: List[str], imports: Set[str], py_package: List[str], py_type: str
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Returns a reference to a python type in a package that is not descendent, ancestor
+    or sibling, and adds the required import that is aliased to avoid name conflicts.
+    """
+    shared_ancestry = os.path.commonprefix([current_package, py_package])  # type: ignore
+    distance_up = len(current_package) - len(shared_ancestry)
+    string_from = f".{'.' * distance_up}" + ".".join(
+        py_package[len(shared_ancestry) : -1]
+    )
+    string_import = py_package[-1]
+    # Add trailing __ to avoid name mangling (python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#id34)
+    string_alias = (
+        f"{'_' * distance_up}"
+        + safe_snake_case(".".join(py_package[len(shared_ancestry) :]))
+        + "__"
+    )
+    imports.add(f"from {string_from} import {string_import} as {string_alias}")
+    return f'"{string_alias}.{py_type}"'

src/betterproto/compile/naming.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from betterproto import casing
+
+
+def pythonize_class_name(name: str) -> str:
+    return casing.pascal_case(name)
+
+
+def pythonize_field_name(name: str) -> str:
+    return casing.safe_snake_case(name)
+
+
+def pythonize_method_name(name: str) -> str:
+    return casing.safe_snake_case(name)

src/betterproto/grpc/grpclib_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+import asyncio
+from abc import ABC
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    AsyncIterable,
+    AsyncIterator,
+    Collection,
+    Iterable,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    Union,
+)
+
+import grpclib.const
+
+from .._types import ST, T
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from grpclib.client import Channel
+    from grpclib.metadata import Deadline
+
+
+_Value = Union[str, bytes]
+_MetadataLike = Union[Mapping[str, _Value], Collection[Tuple[str, _Value]]]
+_MessageLike = Union[T, ST]
+_MessageSource = Union[Iterable[ST], AsyncIterable[ST]]
+
+
+class ServiceStub(ABC):
+    """
+    Base class for async gRPC clients.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        channel: "Channel",
+        *,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        deadline: Optional["Deadline"] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[_MetadataLike] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.channel = channel
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.deadline = deadline
+        self.metadata = metadata
+
+    def __resolve_request_kwargs(
+        self,
+        timeout: Optional[float],
+        deadline: Optional["Deadline"],
+        metadata: Optional[_MetadataLike],
+    ):
+        return {
+            "timeout": self.timeout if timeout is None else timeout,
+            "deadline": self.deadline if deadline is None else deadline,
+            "metadata": self.metadata if metadata is None else metadata,
+        }
+
+    async def _unary_unary(
+        self,
+        route: str,
+        request: _MessageLike,
+        response_type: Type[T],
+        *,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        deadline: Optional["Deadline"] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[_MetadataLike] = None,
+    ) -> T:
+        """Make a unary request and return the response."""
+        async with self.channel.request(
+            route,
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY,
+            type(request),
+            response_type,
+            **self.__resolve_request_kwargs(timeout, deadline, metadata),
+        ) as stream:
+            await stream.send_message(request, end=True)
+            response = await stream.recv_message()
+        assert response is not None
+        return response
+
+    async def _unary_stream(
+        self,
+        route: str,
+        request: _MessageLike,
+        response_type: Type[T],
+        *,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        deadline: Optional["Deadline"] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[_MetadataLike] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[T]:
+        """Make a unary request and return the stream response iterator."""
+        async with self.channel.request(
+            route,
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM,
+            type(request),
+            response_type,
+            **self.__resolve_request_kwargs(timeout, deadline, metadata),
+        ) as stream:
+            await stream.send_message(request, end=True)
+            async for message in stream:
+                yield message
+
+    async def _stream_unary(
+        self,
+        route: str,
+        request_iterator: _MessageSource,
+        request_type: Type[ST],
+        response_type: Type[T],
+        *,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        deadline: Optional["Deadline"] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[_MetadataLike] = None,
+    ) -> T:
+        """Make a stream request and return the response."""
+        async with self.channel.request(
+            route,
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY,
+            request_type,
+            response_type,
+            **self.__resolve_request_kwargs(timeout, deadline, metadata),
+        ) as stream:
+            await self._send_messages(stream, request_iterator)
+            response = await stream.recv_message()
+        assert response is not None
+        return response
+
+    async def _stream_stream(
+        self,
+        route: str,
+        request_iterator: _MessageSource,
+        request_type: Type[ST],
+        response_type: Type[T],
+        *,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+        deadline: Optional["Deadline"] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[_MetadataLike] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[T]:
+        """
+        Make a stream request and return an AsyncIterator to iterate over response
+        messages.
+        """
+        async with self.channel.request(
+            route,
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM,
+            request_type,
+            response_type,
+            **self.__resolve_request_kwargs(timeout, deadline, metadata),
+        ) as stream:
+            await stream.send_request()
+            sending_task = asyncio.ensure_future(
+                self._send_messages(stream, request_iterator)
+            )
+            try:
+                async for response in stream:
+                    yield response
+            except:
+                sending_task.cancel()
+                raise
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def _send_messages(stream, messages: _MessageSource):
+        if isinstance(messages, AsyncIterable):
+            async for message in messages:
+                await stream.send_message(message)
+        else:
+            for message in messages:
+                await stream.send_message(message)
+        await stream.end()

src/betterproto/grpc/grpclib_server.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from abc import ABC
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterable
+from typing import Callable, Any, Dict
+
+import grpclib
+import grpclib.server
+
+
+class ServiceBase(ABC):
+    """
+    Base class for async gRPC servers.
+    """
+
+    async def _call_rpc_handler_server_stream(
+        self,
+        handler: Callable,
+        stream: grpclib.server.Stream,
+        request_kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+    ) -> None:
+
+        response_iter = handler(**request_kwargs)
+        # check if response is actually an AsyncIterator
+        # this might be false if the method just returns without
+        # yielding at least once
+        # in that case, we just interpret it as an empty iterator
+        if isinstance(response_iter, AsyncIterable):
+            async for response_message in response_iter:
+                await stream.send_message(response_message)
+        else:
+            response_iter.close()

src/betterproto/grpc/util/async_channel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+import asyncio
+from typing import AsyncIterable, AsyncIterator, Iterable, Optional, TypeVar, Union
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class ChannelClosed(Exception):
+    """
+    An exception raised on an attempt to send through a closed channel
+    """
+
+
+class ChannelDone(Exception):
+    """
+    An exception raised on an attempt to send receive from a channel that is both closed
+    and empty.
+    """
+
+
+class AsyncChannel(AsyncIterable[T]):
+    """
+    A buffered async channel for sending items between coroutines with FIFO ordering.
+
+    This makes decoupled bidirectional steaming gRPC requests easy if used like:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+        client = GeneratedStub(grpclib_chan)
+        request_channel = await AsyncChannel()
+        # We can start be sending all the requests we already have
+        await request_channel.send_from([RequestObject(...), RequestObject(...)])
+        async for response in client.rpc_call(request_channel):
+            # The response iterator will remain active until the connection is closed
+            ...
+            # More items can be sent at any time
+            await request_channel.send(RequestObject(...))
+            ...
+            # The channel must be closed to complete the gRPC connection
+            request_channel.close()
+
+    Items can be sent through the channel by either:
+    - providing an iterable to the send_from method
+    - passing them to the send method one at a time
+
+    Items can be received from the channel by either:
+    - iterating over the channel with a for loop to get all items
+    - calling the receive method to get one item at a time
+
+    If the channel is empty then receivers will wait until either an item appears or the
+    channel is closed.
+
+    Once the channel is closed then subsequent attempt to send through the channel will
+    fail with a ChannelClosed exception.
+
+    When th channel is closed and empty then it is done, and further attempts to receive
+    from it will fail with a ChannelDone exception
+
+    If multiple coroutines receive from the channel concurrently, each item sent will be
+    received by only one of the receivers.
+
+    :param source:
+        An optional iterable will items that should be sent through the channel
+        immediately.
+    :param buffer_limit:
+        Limit the number of items that can be buffered in the channel, A value less than
+        1 implies no limit. If the channel is full then attempts to send more items will
+        result in the sender waiting until an item is received from the channel.
+    :param close:
+        If set to True then the channel will automatically close after exhausting source
+        or immediately if no source is provided.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *, buffer_limit: int = 0, close: bool = False):
+        self._queue: asyncio.Queue[T] = asyncio.Queue(buffer_limit)
+        self._closed = False
+        self._waiting_receivers: int = 0
+        # Track whether flush has been invoked so it can only happen once
+        self._flushed = False
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[T]:
+        return self
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> T:
+        if self.done():
+            raise StopAsyncIteration
+        self._waiting_receivers += 1
+        try:
+            result = await self._queue.get()
+            if result is self.__flush:
+                raise StopAsyncIteration
+            return result
+        finally:
+            self._waiting_receivers -= 1
+            self._queue.task_done()
+
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns True if this channel is closed and no-longer accepting new items
+        """
+        return self._closed
+
+    def done(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if this channel is done.
+
+        :return: True if this channel is closed and and has been drained of items in
+        which case any further attempts to receive an item from this channel will raise
+        a ChannelDone exception.
+        """
+        # After close the channel is not yet done until there is at least one waiting
+        # receiver per enqueued item.
+        return self._closed and self._queue.qsize() <= self._waiting_receivers
+
+    async def send_from(
+        self, source: Union[Iterable[T], AsyncIterable[T]], close: bool = False
+    ) -> "AsyncChannel[T]":
+        """
+        Iterates the given [Async]Iterable and sends all the resulting items.
+        If close is set to True then subsequent send calls will be rejected with a
+        ChannelClosed exception.
+        :param source: an iterable of items to send
+        :param close:
+            if True then the channel will be closed after the source has been exhausted
+
+        """
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ChannelClosed("Cannot send through a closed channel")
+        if isinstance(source, AsyncIterable):
+            async for item in source:
+                await self._queue.put(item)
+        else:
+            for item in source:
+                await self._queue.put(item)
+        if close:
+            # Complete the closing process
+            self.close()
+        return self
+
+    async def send(self, item: T) -> "AsyncChannel[T]":
+        """
+        Send a single item over this channel.
+        :param item: The item to send
+        """
+        if self._closed:
+            raise ChannelClosed("Cannot send through a closed channel")
+        await self._queue.put(item)
+        return self
+
+    async def receive(self) -> Optional[T]:
+        """
+        Returns the next item from this channel when it becomes available,
+        or None if the channel is closed before another item is sent.
+        :return: An item from the channel
+        """
+        if self.done():
+            raise ChannelDone("Cannot receive from a closed channel")
+        self._waiting_receivers += 1
+        try:
+            result = await self._queue.get()
+            if result is self.__flush:
+                return None
+            return result
+        finally:
+            self._waiting_receivers -= 1
+            self._queue.task_done()
+
+    def close(self):
+        """
+        Close this channel to new items
+        """
+        self._closed = True
+        asyncio.ensure_future(self._flush_queue())
+
+    async def _flush_queue(self):
+        """
+        To be called after the channel is closed. Pushes a number of self.__flush
+        objects to the queue to ensure no waiting consumers get deadlocked.
+        """
+        if not self._flushed:
+            self._flushed = True
+            deadlocked_receivers = max(0, self._waiting_receivers - self._queue.qsize())
+            for _ in range(deadlocked_receivers):
+                await self._queue.put(self.__flush)
+
+    # A special signal object for flushing the queue when the channel is closed
+    __flush = object()

src/betterproto/lib/google/protobuf/compiler/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+# sources: google/protobuf/compiler/plugin.proto
+# plugin: python-betterproto
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import List
+
+import betterproto
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False, repr=False)
+class Version(betterproto.Message):
+    """The version number of protocol compiler."""
+
+    major: int = betterproto.int32_field(1)
+    minor: int = betterproto.int32_field(2)
+    patch: int = betterproto.int32_field(3)
+    # A suffix for alpha, beta or rc release, e.g., "alpha-1", "rc2". It should
+    # be empty for mainline stable releases.
+    suffix: str = betterproto.string_field(4)
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False, repr=False)
+class CodeGeneratorRequest(betterproto.Message):
+    """An encoded CodeGeneratorRequest is written to the plugin's stdin."""
+
+    # The .proto files that were explicitly listed on the command-line.  The code
+    # generator should generate code only for these files.  Each file's
+    # descriptor will be included in proto_file, below.
+    file_to_generate: List[str] = betterproto.string_field(1)
+    # The generator parameter passed on the command-line.
+    parameter: str = betterproto.string_field(2)
+    # FileDescriptorProtos for all files in files_to_generate and everything they
+    # import.  The files will appear in topological order, so each file appears
+    # before any file that imports it. protoc guarantees that all proto_files
+    # will be written after the fields above, even though this is not technically
+    # guaranteed by the protobuf wire format.  This theoretically could allow a
+    # plugin to stream in the FileDescriptorProtos and handle them one by one
+    # rather than read the entire set into memory at once.  However, as of this
+    # writing, this is not similarly optimized on protoc's end -- it will store
+    # all fields in memory at once before sending them to the plugin. Type names
+    # of fields and extensions in the FileDescriptorProto are always fully
+    # qualified.
+    proto_file: List[
+        "betterproto_lib_google_protobuf.FileDescriptorProto"
+    ] = betterproto.message_field(15)
+    # The version number of protocol compiler.
+    compiler_version: "Version" = betterproto.message_field(3)
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False, repr=False)
+class CodeGeneratorResponse(betterproto.Message):
+    """The plugin writes an encoded CodeGeneratorResponse to stdout."""
+
+    # Error message.  If non-empty, code generation failed.  The plugin process
+    # should exit with status code zero even if it reports an error in this way.
+    # This should be used to indicate errors in .proto files which prevent the
+    # code generator from generating correct code.  Errors which indicate a
+    # problem in protoc itself -- such as the input CodeGeneratorRequest being
+    # unparseable -- should be reported by writing a message to stderr and
+    # exiting with a non-zero status code.
+    error: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+    file: List["CodeGeneratorResponseFile"] = betterproto.message_field(15)
+
+
+@dataclass(eq=False, repr=False)
+class CodeGeneratorResponseFile(betterproto.Message):
+    """Represents a single generated file."""
+
+    # The file name, relative to the output directory.  The name must not contain
+    # "." or ".." components and must be relative, not be absolute (so, the file
+    # cannot lie outside the output directory).  "/" must be used as the path
+    # separator, not "\". If the name is omitted, the content will be appended to
+    # the previous file.  This allows the generator to break large files into
+    # small chunks, and allows the generated text to be streamed back to protoc
+    # so that large files need not reside completely in memory at one time.  Note
+    # that as of this writing protoc does not optimize for this -- it will read
+    # the entire CodeGeneratorResponse before writing files to disk.
+    name: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+    # If non-empty, indicates that the named file should already exist, and the
+    # content here is to be inserted into that file at a defined insertion point.
+    # This feature allows a code generator to extend the output produced by
+    # another code generator.  The original generator may provide insertion
+    # points by placing special annotations in the file that look like:
+    # @@protoc_insertion_point(NAME) The annotation can have arbitrary text
+    # before and after it on the line, which allows it to be placed in a comment.
+    # NAME should be replaced with an identifier naming the point -- this is what
+    # other generators will use as the insertion_point.  Code inserted at this
+    # point will be placed immediately above the line containing the insertion
+    # point (thus multiple insertions to the same point will come out in the
+    # order they were added). The double-@ is intended to make it unlikely that
+    # the generated code could contain things that look like insertion points by
+    # accident. For example, the C++ code generator places the following line in
+    # the .pb.h files that it generates:   //
+    # @@protoc_insertion_point(namespace_scope) This line appears within the
+    # scope of the file's package namespace, but outside of any particular class.
+    # Another plugin can then specify the insertion_point "namespace_scope" to
+    # generate additional classes or other declarations that should be placed in
+    # this scope. Note that if the line containing the insertion point begins
+    # with whitespace, the same whitespace will be added to every line of the
+    # inserted text.  This is useful for languages like Python, where indentation
+    # matters.  In these languages, the insertion point comment should be
+    # indented the same amount as any inserted code will need to be in order to
+    # work correctly in that context. The code generator that generates the
+    # initial file and the one which inserts into it must both run as part of a
+    # single invocation of protoc. Code generators are executed in the order in
+    # which they appear on the command line. If |insertion_point| is present,
+    # |name| must also be present.
+    insertion_point: str = betterproto.string_field(2)
+    # The file contents.
+    content: str = betterproto.string_field(15)
+
+
+import betterproto.lib.google.protobuf as betterproto_lib_google_protobuf

src/betterproto/plugin/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .main import main

src/betterproto/plugin/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .main import main
+
+
+main()

src/betterproto/plugin/compiler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import os.path
+
+try:
+    # betterproto[compiler] specific dependencies
+    import black
+    import jinja2
+except ImportError as err:
+    print(
+        "\033[31m"
+        f"Unable to import `{err.name}` from betterproto plugin! "
+        "Please ensure that you've installed betterproto as "
+        '`pip install "betterproto[compiler]"` so that compiler dependencies '
+        "are included."
+        "\033[0m"
+    )
+    raise SystemExit(1)
+
+from .models import OutputTemplate
+
+
+def outputfile_compiler(output_file: OutputTemplate) -> str:
+
+    templates_folder = os.path.abspath(
+        os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "templates")
+    )
+
+    env = jinja2.Environment(
+        trim_blocks=True,
+        lstrip_blocks=True,
+        loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader(templates_folder),
+    )
+    template = env.get_template("template.py.j2")
+
+    return black.format_str(
+        template.render(output_file=output_file),
+        mode=black.FileMode(target_versions={black.TargetVersion.PY37}),
+    )

src/betterproto/plugin/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from betterproto.lib.google.protobuf.compiler import (
+    CodeGeneratorRequest,
+    CodeGeneratorResponse,
+)
+
+from betterproto.plugin.parser import generate_code
+from betterproto.plugin.models import monkey_patch_oneof_index
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """The plugin's main entry point."""
+    # Read request message from stdin
+    data = sys.stdin.buffer.read()
+
+    # Apply Work around for proto2/3 difference in protoc messages
+    monkey_patch_oneof_index()
+
+    # Parse request
+    request = CodeGeneratorRequest()
+    request.parse(data)
+
+    dump_file = os.getenv("BETTERPROTO_DUMP")
+    if dump_file:
+        dump_request(dump_file, request)
+
+    # Create response
+    response = CodeGeneratorResponse()
+
+    # Generate code
+    generate_code(request, response)
+
+    # Serialise response message
+    output = response.SerializeToString()
+
+    # Write to stdout
+    sys.stdout.buffer.write(output)
+
+
+def dump_request(dump_file: str, request: CodeGeneratorRequest) -> None:
+    """
+    For developers: Supports running plugin.py standalone so its possible to debug it.
+    Run protoc (or generate.py) with BETTERPROTO_DUMP="yourfile.bin" to write the request to a file.
+    Then run plugin.py from your IDE in debugging mode, and redirect stdin to the file.
+    """
+    with open(str(dump_file), "wb") as fh:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"\033[31mWriting input from protoc to: {dump_file}\033[0m\n")
+        fh.write(request.SerializeToString())
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

src/betterproto/plugin/models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,774 @@
+"""Plugin model dataclasses.
+
+These classes are meant to be an intermediate representation
+of protobuf objects. They are used to organize the data collected during parsing.
+
+The general intention is to create a doubly-linked tree-like structure
+with the following types of references:
+- Downwards references: from message -> fields, from output package -> messages
+or from service -> service methods
+- Upwards references: from field -> message, message -> package.
+- Input/output message references: from a service method to it's corresponding
+input/output messages, which may even be in another package.
+
+There are convenience methods to allow climbing up and down this tree, for
+example to retrieve the list of all messages that are in the same package as
+the current message.
+
+Most of these classes take as inputs:
+- proto_obj: A reference to it's corresponding protobuf object as
+presented by the protoc plugin.
+- parent: a reference to the parent object in the tree.
+
+With this information, the class is able to expose attributes,
+such as a pythonized name, that will be calculated from proto_obj.
+
+The instantiation should also attach a reference to the new object
+into the corresponding place within it's parent object. For example,
+instantiating field `A` with parent message `B` should add a
+reference to `A` to `B`'s `fields` attribute.
+"""
+
+
+import betterproto
+from betterproto import which_one_of
+from betterproto.casing import sanitize_name
+from betterproto.compile.importing import (
+    get_type_reference,
+    parse_source_type_name,
+)
+from betterproto.compile.naming import (
+    pythonize_class_name,
+    pythonize_field_name,
+    pythonize_method_name,
+)
+from betterproto.lib.google.protobuf import (
+    DescriptorProto,
+    EnumDescriptorProto,
+    FileDescriptorProto,
+    MethodDescriptorProto,
+    Field,
+    FieldDescriptorProto,
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType,
+    FieldDescriptorProtoLabel,
+)
+from betterproto.lib.google.protobuf.compiler import CodeGeneratorRequest
+
+
+import re
+import textwrap
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, Iterator, List, Optional, Set, Text, Type, Union
+import sys
+
+from ..casing import sanitize_name
+from ..compile.importing import get_type_reference, parse_source_type_name
+from ..compile.naming import (
+    pythonize_class_name,
+    pythonize_field_name,
+    pythonize_method_name,
+)
+
+
+# Create a unique placeholder to deal with
+# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51575931/class-inheritance-in-python-3-7-dataclasses
+PLACEHOLDER = object()
+
+# Organize proto types into categories
+PROTO_FLOAT_TYPES = (
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_DOUBLE,  # 1
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_FLOAT,  # 2
+)
+PROTO_INT_TYPES = (
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_INT64,  # 3
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_UINT64,  # 4
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_INT32,  # 5
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_FIXED64,  # 6
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_FIXED32,  # 7
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_UINT32,  # 13
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SFIXED32,  # 15
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SFIXED64,  # 16
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SINT32,  # 17
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SINT64,  # 18
+)
+PROTO_BOOL_TYPES = (FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_BOOL,)  # 8
+PROTO_STR_TYPES = (FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_STRING,)  # 9
+PROTO_BYTES_TYPES = (FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_BYTES,)  # 12
+PROTO_MESSAGE_TYPES = (
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_MESSAGE,  # 11
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_ENUM,  # 14
+)
+PROTO_MAP_TYPES = (FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_MESSAGE,)  # 11
+PROTO_PACKED_TYPES = (
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_DOUBLE,  # 1
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_FLOAT,  # 2
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_INT64,  # 3
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_UINT64,  # 4
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_INT32,  # 5
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_FIXED64,  # 6
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_FIXED32,  # 7
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_BOOL,  # 8
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_UINT32,  # 13
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SFIXED32,  # 15
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SFIXED64,  # 16
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SINT32,  # 17
+    FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_SINT64,  # 18
+)
+
+
+def monkey_patch_oneof_index():
+    """
+    The compiler message types are written for proto2, but we read them as proto3.
+    For this to work in the case of the oneof_index fields, which depend on being able
+    to tell whether they were set, we have to treat them as oneof fields. This method
+    monkey patches the generated classes after the fact to force this behaviour.
+    """
+    object.__setattr__(
+        FieldDescriptorProto.__dataclass_fields__["oneof_index"].metadata[
+            "betterproto"
+        ],
+        "group",
+        "oneof_index",
+    )
+    object.__setattr__(
+        Field.__dataclass_fields__["oneof_index"].metadata["betterproto"],
+        "group",
+        "oneof_index",
+    )
+
+
+def get_comment(
+    proto_file: "FileDescriptorProto", path: List[int], indent: int = 4
+) -> str:
+    pad = " " * indent
+    for sci_loc in proto_file.source_code_info.location:
+        if list(sci_loc.path) == path and sci_loc.leading_comments:
+            lines = textwrap.wrap(
+                sci_loc.leading_comments.strip().replace("\n", ""), width=79 - indent
+            )
+
+            if path[-2] == 2 and path[-4] != 6:
+                # This is a field
+                return f"{pad}# " + f"\n{pad}# ".join(lines)
+            else:
+                # This is a message, enum, service, or method
+                if len(lines) == 1 and len(lines[0]) < 79 - indent - 6:
+                    lines[0] = lines[0].strip('"')
+                    return f'{pad}"""{lines[0]}"""'
+                else:
+                    joined = f"\n{pad}".join(lines)
+                    return f'{pad}"""\n{pad}{joined}\n{pad}"""'
+
+    return ""
+
+
+class ProtoContentBase:
+    """Methods common to MessageCompiler, ServiceCompiler and ServiceMethodCompiler."""
+
+    source_file: FileDescriptorProto
+    path: List[int]
+    comment_indent: int = 4
+    parent: Union["betterproto.Message", "OutputTemplate"]
+
+    __dataclass_fields__: Dict[str, object]
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        """Checks that no fake default fields were left as placeholders."""
+        for field_name, field_val in self.__dataclass_fields__.items():
+            if field_val is PLACEHOLDER:
+                raise ValueError(f"`{field_name}` is a required field.")
+
+    @property
+    def output_file(self) -> "OutputTemplate":
+        current = self
+        while not isinstance(current, OutputTemplate):
+            current = current.parent
+        return current
+
+    @property
+    def request(self) -> "PluginRequestCompiler":
+        current = self
+        while not isinstance(current, OutputTemplate):
+            current = current.parent
+        return current.parent_request
+
+    @property
+    def comment(self) -> str:
+        """Crawl the proto source code and retrieve comments
+        for this object.
+        """
+        return get_comment(
+            proto_file=self.source_file, path=self.path, indent=self.comment_indent
+        )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PluginRequestCompiler:
+
+    plugin_request_obj: CodeGeneratorRequest
+    output_packages: Dict[str, "OutputTemplate"] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    @property
+    def all_messages(self) -> List["MessageCompiler"]:
+        """All of the messages in this request.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        List[MessageCompiler]
+            List of all of the messages in this request.
+        """
+        return [
+            msg for output in self.output_packages.values() for msg in output.messages
+        ]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class OutputTemplate:
+    """Representation of an output .py file.
+
+    Each output file corresponds to a .proto input file,
+    but may need references to other .proto files to be
+    built.
+    """
+
+    parent_request: PluginRequestCompiler
+    package_proto_obj: FileDescriptorProto
+    input_files: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    imports: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    datetime_imports: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    typing_imports: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    messages: List["MessageCompiler"] = field(default_factory=list)
+    enums: List["EnumDefinitionCompiler"] = field(default_factory=list)
+    services: List["ServiceCompiler"] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    @property
+    def package(self) -> str:
+        """Name of input package.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        str
+            Name of input package.
+        """
+        return self.package_proto_obj.package
+
+    @property
+    def input_filenames(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        """Names of the input files used to build this output.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Iterable[str]
+            Names of the input files used to build this output.
+        """
+        return sorted(f.name for f in self.input_files)
+
+    @property
+    def python_module_imports(self) -> Set[str]:
+        imports = set()
+        if any(x for x in self.messages if any(x.deprecated_fields)):
+            imports.add("warnings")
+        return imports
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MessageCompiler(ProtoContentBase):
+    """Representation of a protobuf message."""
+
+    source_file: FileDescriptorProto
+    parent: Union["MessageCompiler", OutputTemplate] = PLACEHOLDER
+    proto_obj: DescriptorProto = PLACEHOLDER
+    path: List[int] = PLACEHOLDER
+    fields: List[Union["FieldCompiler", "MessageCompiler"]] = field(
+        default_factory=list
+    )
+    deprecated: bool = field(default=False, init=False)
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        # Add message to output file
+        if isinstance(self.parent, OutputTemplate):
+            if isinstance(self, EnumDefinitionCompiler):
+                self.output_file.enums.append(self)
+            else:
+                self.output_file.messages.append(self)
+        self.deprecated = self.proto_obj.options.deprecated
+        super().__post_init__()
+
+    @property
+    def proto_name(self) -> str:
+        return self.proto_obj.name
+
+    @property
+    def py_name(self) -> str:
+        return pythonize_class_name(self.proto_name)
+
+    @property
+    def annotation(self) -> str:
+        if self.repeated:
+            return f"List[{self.py_name}]"
+        return self.py_name
+
+    @property
+    def deprecated_fields(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        for f in self.fields:
+            if f.deprecated:
+                yield f.py_name
+
+    @property
+    def has_deprecated_fields(self) -> bool:
+        return any(self.deprecated_fields)
+
+
+def is_map(
+    proto_field_obj: FieldDescriptorProto, parent_message: DescriptorProto
+) -> bool:
+    """True if proto_field_obj is a map, otherwise False."""
+    if proto_field_obj.type == FieldDescriptorProtoType.TYPE_MESSAGE:
+        # This might be a map...
+        message_type = proto_field_obj.type_name.split(".").pop().lower()
+        map_entry = f"{proto_field_obj.name.replace('_', '').lower()}entry"
+        if message_type == map_entry:
+            for nested in parent_message.nested_type:  # parent message
+                if (
+                    nested.name.replace("_", "").lower() == map_entry
+                    and nested.options.map_entry
+                ):
+                    return True
+    return False
+
+
+def is_oneof(proto_field_obj: FieldDescriptorProto) -> bool:
+    """
+    True if proto_field_obj is a OneOf, otherwise False.
+
+    .. warning::
+        Becuase the message from protoc is defined in proto2, and betterproto works with
+        proto3, and interpreting the FieldDescriptorProto.oneof_index field requires
+        distinguishing between default and unset values (which proto3 doesn't support),
+        we have to hack the generated FieldDescriptorProto class for this to work.
+        The hack consists of setting group="oneof_index" in the field metadata,
+        essentially making oneof_index the sole member of a one_of group, which allows
+        us to tell whether it was set, via the which_one_of interface.
+    """
+
+    return which_one_of(proto_field_obj, "oneof_index")[0] == "oneof_index"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FieldCompiler(MessageCompiler):
+    parent: MessageCompiler = PLACEHOLDER
+    proto_obj: FieldDescriptorProto = PLACEHOLDER
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        # Add field to message
+        self.parent.fields.append(self)
+        # Check for new imports
+        self.add_imports_to(self.output_file)
+        super().__post_init__()  # call FieldCompiler-> MessageCompiler __post_init__
+
+    def get_field_string(self, indent: int = 4) -> str:
+        """Construct string representation of this field as a field."""
+        name = f"{self.py_name}"
+        annotations = f": {self.annotation}"
+        field_args = ", ".join(
+            ([""] + self.betterproto_field_args) if self.betterproto_field_args else []
+        )
+        betterproto_field_type = (
+            f"betterproto.{self.field_type}_field({self.proto_obj.number}{field_args})"
+        )
+        return f"{name}{annotations} = {betterproto_field_type}"
+
+    @property
+    def betterproto_field_args(self) -> List[str]:
+        args = []
+        if self.field_wraps:
+            args.append(f"wraps={self.field_wraps}")
+        return args
+
+    @property
+    def datetime_imports(self) -> Set[str]:
+        imports = set()
+        annotation = self.annotation
+        # FIXME: false positives - e.g. `MyDatetimedelta`
+        if "timedelta" in annotation:
+            imports.add("timedelta")
+        if "datetime" in annotation:
+            imports.add("datetime")
+        return imports
+
+    @property
+    def typing_imports(self) -> Set[str]:
+        imports = set()
+        annotation = self.annotation
+        if "Optional[" in annotation:
+            imports.add("Optional")
+        if "List[" in annotation:
+            imports.add("List")
+        if "Dict[" in annotation:
+            imports.add("Dict")
+        return imports
+
+    def add_imports_to(self, output_file: OutputTemplate) -> None:
+        output_file.datetime_imports.update(self.datetime_imports)
+        output_file.typing_imports.update(self.typing_imports)
+
+    @property
+    def field_wraps(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Returns betterproto wrapped field type or None."""
+        match_wrapper = re.match(
+            r"\.google\.protobuf\.(.+)Value$", self.proto_obj.type_name
+        )
+        if match_wrapper:
+            wrapped_type = "TYPE_" + match_wrapper.group(1).upper()
+            if hasattr(betterproto, wrapped_type):
+                return f"betterproto.{wrapped_type}"
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def repeated(self) -> bool:
+        return (
+            self.proto_obj.label == FieldDescriptorProtoLabel.LABEL_REPEATED
+            and not is_map(self.proto_obj, self.parent)
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def mutable(self) -> bool:
+        """True if the field is a mutable type, otherwise False."""
+        return self.annotation.startswith(("List[", "Dict["))
+
+    @property
+    def field_type(self) -> str:
+        """String representation of proto field type."""
+        return (
+            FieldDescriptorProtoType(self.proto_obj.type)
+            .name.lower()
+            .replace("type_", "")
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def default_value_string(self) -> Union[Text, None, float, int]:
+        """Python representation of the default proto value."""
+        if self.repeated:
+            return "[]"
+        if self.py_type == "int":
+            return "0"
+        if self.py_type == "float":
+            return "0.0"
+        elif self.py_type == "bool":
+            return "False"
+        elif self.py_type == "str":
+            return '""'
+        elif self.py_type == "bytes":
+            return 'b""'
+        else:
+            # Message type
+            return "None"
+
+    @property
+    def packed(self) -> bool:
+        """True if the wire representation is a packed format."""
+        return self.repeated and self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_PACKED_TYPES
+
+    @property
+    def py_name(self) -> str:
+        """Pythonized name."""
+        return pythonize_field_name(self.proto_name)
+
+    @property
+    def proto_name(self) -> str:
+        """Original protobuf name."""
+        return self.proto_obj.name
+
+    @property
+    def py_type(self) -> str:
+        """String representation of Python type."""
+        if self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_FLOAT_TYPES:
+            return "float"
+        elif self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_INT_TYPES:
+            return "int"
+        elif self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_BOOL_TYPES:
+            return "bool"
+        elif self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_STR_TYPES:
+            return "str"
+        elif self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_BYTES_TYPES:
+            return "bytes"
+        elif self.proto_obj.type in PROTO_MESSAGE_TYPES:
+            # Type referencing another defined Message or a named enum
+            return get_type_reference(
+                package=self.output_file.package,
+                imports=self.output_file.imports,
+                source_type=self.proto_obj.type_name,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown type {field.type}")
+
+    @property
+    def annotation(self) -> str:
+        if self.repeated:
+            return f"List[{self.py_type}]"
+        return self.py_type
+
+
+@dataclass
+class OneOfFieldCompiler(FieldCompiler):
+    @property
+    def betterproto_field_args(self) -> List[str]:
+        args = super().betterproto_field_args
+        group = self.parent.proto_obj.oneof_decl[self.proto_obj.oneof_index].name
+        args.append(f'group="{group}"')
+        return args
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MapEntryCompiler(FieldCompiler):
+    py_k_type: Type = PLACEHOLDER
+    py_v_type: Type = PLACEHOLDER
+    proto_k_type: str = PLACEHOLDER
+    proto_v_type: str = PLACEHOLDER
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        """Explore nested types and set k_type and v_type if unset."""
+        map_entry = f"{self.proto_obj.name.replace('_', '').lower()}entry"
+        for nested in self.parent.proto_obj.nested_type:
+            if (
+                nested.name.replace("_", "").lower() == map_entry
+                and nested.options.map_entry
+            ):
+                # Get Python types
+                self.py_k_type = FieldCompiler(
+                    source_file=self.source_file,
+                    parent=self,
+                    proto_obj=nested.field[0],  # key
+                ).py_type
+                self.py_v_type = FieldCompiler(
+                    source_file=self.source_file,
+                    parent=self,
+                    proto_obj=nested.field[1],  # value
+                ).py_type
+
+                # Get proto types
+                self.proto_k_type = FieldDescriptorProtoType(nested.field[0].type).name
+                self.proto_v_type = FieldDescriptorProtoType(nested.field[1].type).name
+        super().__post_init__()  # call FieldCompiler-> MessageCompiler __post_init__
+
+    @property
+    def betterproto_field_args(self) -> List[str]:
+        return [f"betterproto.{self.proto_k_type}", f"betterproto.{self.proto_v_type}"]
+
+    @property
+    def field_type(self) -> str:
+        return "map"
+
+    @property
+    def annotation(self) -> str:
+        return f"Dict[{self.py_k_type}, {self.py_v_type}]"
+
+    @property
+    def repeated(self) -> bool:
+        return False  # maps cannot be repeated
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EnumDefinitionCompiler(MessageCompiler):
+    """Representation of a proto Enum definition."""
+
+    proto_obj: EnumDescriptorProto = PLACEHOLDER
+    entries: List["EnumDefinitionCompiler.EnumEntry"] = PLACEHOLDER
+
+    @dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
+    class EnumEntry:
+        """Representation of an Enum entry."""
+
+        name: str
+        value: int
+        comment: str
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        # Get entries/allowed values for this Enum
+        self.entries = [
+            self.EnumEntry(
+                name=sanitize_name(entry_proto_value.name),
+                value=entry_proto_value.number,
+                comment=get_comment(
+                    proto_file=self.source_file, path=self.path + [2, entry_number]
+                ),
+            )
+            for entry_number, entry_proto_value in enumerate(self.proto_obj.value)
+        ]
+        super().__post_init__()  # call MessageCompiler __post_init__
+
+    @property
+    def default_value_string(self) -> str:
+        """Python representation of the default value for Enums.
+
+        As per the spec, this is the first value of the Enum.
+        """
+        return str(self.entries[0].value)  # ideally, should ALWAYS be int(0)!
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ServiceCompiler(ProtoContentBase):
+    parent: OutputTemplate = PLACEHOLDER
+    proto_obj: DescriptorProto = PLACEHOLDER
+    path: List[int] = PLACEHOLDER
+    methods: List["ServiceMethodCompiler"] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        # Add service to output file
+        self.output_file.services.append(self)
+        self.output_file.typing_imports.add("Dict")
+        super().__post_init__()  # check for unset fields
+
+    @property
+    def proto_name(self) -> str:
+        return self.proto_obj.name
+
+    @property
+    def py_name(self) -> str:
+        return pythonize_class_name(self.proto_name)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ServiceMethodCompiler(ProtoContentBase):
+
+    parent: ServiceCompiler
+    proto_obj: MethodDescriptorProto
+    path: List[int] = PLACEHOLDER
+    comment_indent: int = 8
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        # Add method to service
+        self.parent.methods.append(self)
+
+        # Check for imports
+        if self.py_input_message:
+            for f in self.py_input_message.fields:
+                f.add_imports_to(self.output_file)
+        if "Optional" in self.py_output_message_type:
+            self.output_file.typing_imports.add("Optional")
+        self.mutable_default_args  # ensure this is called before rendering
+
+        # Check for Async imports
+        if self.client_streaming:
+            self.output_file.typing_imports.add("AsyncIterable")
+            self.output_file.typing_imports.add("Iterable")
+            self.output_file.typing_imports.add("Union")
+
+        # Required by both client and server
+        if self.client_streaming or self.server_streaming:
+            self.output_file.typing_imports.add("AsyncIterator")
+
+        super().__post_init__()  # check for unset fields
+
+    @property
+    def mutable_default_args(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """Handle mutable default arguments.
+
+        Returns a list of tuples containing the name and default value
+        for arguments to this message who's default value is mutable.
+        The defaults are swapped out for None and replaced back inside
+        the method's body.
+        Reference:
+        https://docs.python-guide.org/writing/gotchas/#mutable-default-arguments
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Dict[str, str]
+            Name and actual default value (as a string)
+            for each argument with mutable default values.
+        """
+        mutable_default_args = {}
+
+        if self.py_input_message:
+            for f in self.py_input_message.fields:
+                if (
+                    not self.client_streaming
+                    and f.default_value_string != "None"
+                    and f.mutable
+                ):
+                    mutable_default_args[f.py_name] = f.default_value_string
+                    self.output_file.typing_imports.add("Optional")
+
+        return mutable_default_args
+
+    @property
+    def py_name(self) -> str:
+        """Pythonized method name."""
+        return pythonize_method_name(self.proto_obj.name)
+
+    @property
+    def proto_name(self) -> str:
+        """Original protobuf name."""
+        return self.proto_obj.name
+
+    @property
+    def route(self) -> str:
+        package_part = (
+            f"{self.output_file.package}." if self.output_file.package else ""
+        )
+        return f"/{package_part}{self.parent.proto_name}/{self.proto_name}"
+
+    @property
+    def py_input_message(self) -> Optional[MessageCompiler]:
+        """Find the input message object.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Optional[MessageCompiler]
+            Method instance representing the input message.
+            If not input message could be found or there are no
+            input messages, None is returned.
+        """
+        package, name = parse_source_type_name(self.proto_obj.input_type)
+
+        # Nested types are currently flattened without dots.
+        # Todo: keep a fully quantified name in types, that is
+        # comparable with method.input_type
+        for msg in self.request.all_messages:
+            if (
+                msg.py_name == name.replace(".", "")
+                and msg.output_file.package == package
+            ):
+                return msg
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def py_input_message_type(self) -> str:
+        """String representation of the Python type corresponding to the
+        input message.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        str
+            String representation of the Python type corresponding to the input message.
+        """
+        return get_type_reference(
+            package=self.output_file.package,
+            imports=self.output_file.imports,
+            source_type=self.proto_obj.input_type,
+        ).strip('"')
+
+    @property
+    def py_output_message_type(self) -> str:
+        """String representation of the Python type corresponding to the
+        output message.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        str
+            String representation of the Python type corresponding to the output message.
+        """
+        return get_type_reference(
+            package=self.output_file.package,
+            imports=self.output_file.imports,
+            source_type=self.proto_obj.output_type,
+            unwrap=False,
+        ).strip('"')
+
+    @property
+    def client_streaming(self) -> bool:
+        return self.proto_obj.client_streaming
+
+    @property
+    def server_streaming(self) -> bool:
+        return self.proto_obj.server_streaming

src/betterproto/plugin/parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+from betterproto.lib.google.protobuf import (
+    DescriptorProto,
+    EnumDescriptorProto,
+    FieldDescriptorProto,
+    FileDescriptorProto,
+    ServiceDescriptorProto,
+)
+from betterproto.lib.google.protobuf.compiler import (
+    CodeGeneratorRequest,
+    CodeGeneratorResponse,
+    CodeGeneratorResponseFile,
+)
+import itertools
+import pathlib
+import sys
+from typing import Iterator, List, Set, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
+from .compiler import outputfile_compiler
+from .models import (
+    EnumDefinitionCompiler,
+    FieldCompiler,
+    MapEntryCompiler,
+    MessageCompiler,
+    OneOfFieldCompiler,
+    OutputTemplate,
+    PluginRequestCompiler,
+    ServiceCompiler,
+    ServiceMethodCompiler,
+    is_map,
+    is_oneof,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from google.protobuf.descriptor import Descriptor
+
+
+def traverse(
+    proto_file: FieldDescriptorProto,
+) -> "itertools.chain[Tuple[Union[str, EnumDescriptorProto], List[int]]]":
+    # Todo: Keep information about nested hierarchy
+    def _traverse(
+        path: List[int], items: List["EnumDescriptorProto"], prefix=""
+    ) -> Iterator[Tuple[Union[str, EnumDescriptorProto], List[int]]]:
+        for i, item in enumerate(items):
+            # Adjust the name since we flatten the hierarchy.
+            # Todo: don't change the name, but include full name in returned tuple
+            item.name = next_prefix = prefix + item.name
+            yield item, path + [i]
+
+            if isinstance(item, DescriptorProto):
+                for enum in item.enum_type:
+                    enum.name = next_prefix + enum.name
+                    yield enum, path + [i, 4]
+
+                if item.nested_type:
+                    for n, p in _traverse(path + [i, 3], item.nested_type, next_prefix):
+                        yield n, p
+
+    return itertools.chain(
+        _traverse([5], proto_file.enum_type), _traverse([4], proto_file.message_type)
+    )
+
+
+def generate_code(
+    request: CodeGeneratorRequest, response: CodeGeneratorResponse
+) -> None:
+    plugin_options = request.parameter.split(",") if request.parameter else []
+
+    request_data = PluginRequestCompiler(plugin_request_obj=request)
+    # Gather output packages
+    for proto_file in request.proto_file:
+        if (
+            proto_file.package == "google.protobuf"
+            and "INCLUDE_GOOGLE" not in plugin_options
+        ):
+            # If not INCLUDE_GOOGLE,
+            # skip re-compiling Google's well-known types
+            continue
+
+        output_package_name = proto_file.package
+        if output_package_name not in request_data.output_packages:
+            # Create a new output if there is no output for this package
+            request_data.output_packages[output_package_name] = OutputTemplate(
+                parent_request=request_data, package_proto_obj=proto_file
+            )
+        # Add this input file to the output corresponding to this package
+        request_data.output_packages[output_package_name].input_files.append(proto_file)
+
+    # Read Messages and Enums
+    # We need to read Messages before Services in so that we can
+    # get the references to input/output messages for each service
+    for output_package_name, output_package in request_data.output_packages.items():
+        for proto_input_file in output_package.input_files:
+            for item, path in traverse(proto_input_file):
+                read_protobuf_type(
+                    source_file=proto_input_file,
+                    item=item,
+                    path=path,
+                    output_package=output_package,
+                )
+
+    # Read Services
+    for output_package_name, output_package in request_data.output_packages.items():
+        for proto_input_file in output_package.input_files:
+            for index, service in enumerate(proto_input_file.service):
+                read_protobuf_service(service, index, output_package)
+
+    # Generate output files
+    output_paths: Set[pathlib.Path] = set()
+    for output_package_name, output_package in request_data.output_packages.items():
+
+        # Add files to the response object
+        output_path = pathlib.Path(*output_package_name.split("."), "__init__.py")
+        output_paths.add(output_path)
+
+        response.file.append(
+            CodeGeneratorResponseFile(
+                name=str(output_path),
+                # Render and then format the output file
+                content=outputfile_compiler(output_file=output_package),
+            )
+        )
+
+    # Make each output directory a package with __init__ file
+    init_files = {
+        directory.joinpath("__init__.py")
+        for path in output_paths
+        for directory in path.parents
+    } - output_paths
+
+    for init_file in init_files:
+        response.file.append(CodeGeneratorResponseFile(name=str(init_file)))
+
+    for output_package_name in sorted(output_paths.union(init_files)):
+        print(f"Writing {output_package_name}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def read_protobuf_type(
+    item: DescriptorProto,
+    path: List[int],
+    source_file: "FileDescriptorProto",
+    output_package: OutputTemplate,
+) -> None:
+    if isinstance(item, DescriptorProto):
+        if item.options.map_entry:
+            # Skip generated map entry messages since we just use dicts
+            return
+        # Process Message
+        message_data = MessageCompiler(
+            source_file=source_file, parent=output_package, proto_obj=item, path=path
+        )
+        for index, field in enumerate(item.field):
+            if is_map(field, item):
+                MapEntryCompiler(
+                    source_file=source_file,
+                    parent=message_data,
+                    proto_obj=field,
+                    path=path + [2, index],
+                )
+            elif is_oneof(field):
+                OneOfFieldCompiler(
+                    source_file=source_file,
+                    parent=message_data,
+                    proto_obj=field,
+                    path=path + [2, index],
+                )
+            else:
+                FieldCompiler(
+                    source_file=source_file,
+                    parent=message_data,
+                    proto_obj=field,
+                    path=path + [2, index],
+                )
+    elif isinstance(item, EnumDescriptorProto):
+        # Enum
+        EnumDefinitionCompiler(
+            source_file=source_file, parent=output_package, proto_obj=item, path=path
+        )
+
+
+def read_protobuf_service(
+    service: ServiceDescriptorProto, index: int, output_package: OutputTemplate
+) -> None:
+    service_data = ServiceCompiler(
+        parent=output_package, proto_obj=service, path=[6, index]
+    )
+    for j, method in enumerate(service.method):
+        ServiceMethodCompiler(
+            parent=service_data, proto_obj=method, path=[6, index, 2, j]
+        )

src/betterproto/plugin/plugin.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+@SET plugin_dir=%~dp0
+@python -m %plugin_dir% %*

src/betterproto/templates/template.py.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+# sources: {{ ', '.join(output_file.input_filenames) }}
+# plugin: python-betterproto
+{% for i in output_file.python_module_imports|sort %}
+import {{ i }}
+{% endfor %}
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+{% if output_file.datetime_imports %}
+from datetime import {% for i in output_file.datetime_imports|sort %}{{ i }}{% if not loop.last %}, {% endif %}{% endfor %}
+
+{% endif%}
+{% if output_file.typing_imports %}
+from typing import {% for i in output_file.typing_imports|sort %}{{ i }}{% if not loop.last %}, {% endif %}{% endfor %}
+
+{% endif %}
+
+import betterproto
+from betterproto.grpc.grpclib_server import ServiceBase
+{% if output_file.services %}
+import grpclib
+{% endif %}
+
+
+{% if output_file.enums %}{% for enum in output_file.enums %}
+class {{ enum.py_name }}(betterproto.Enum):
+    {% if enum.comment %}
+{{ enum.comment }}
+
+    {% endif %}
+    {% for entry in enum.entries %}
+        {% if entry.comment %}
+{{ entry.comment }}
+        {% endif %}
+    {{ entry.name }} = {{ entry.value }}
+    {% endfor %}
+
+
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+{% for message in output_file.messages %}
+@dataclass(eq=False, repr=False)
+class {{ message.py_name }}(betterproto.Message):
+    {% if message.comment %}
+{{ message.comment }}
+
+    {% endif %}
+    {% for field in message.fields %}
+        {% if field.comment %}
+{{ field.comment }}
+        {% endif %}
+    {{ field.get_field_string() }}
+    {% endfor %}
+    {% if not message.fields %}
+    pass
+    {% endif %}
+
+    {% if message.deprecated or message.has_deprecated_fields %}
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        {% if message.deprecated %}
+        warnings.warn("{{ message.py_name }} is deprecated", DeprecationWarning)
+        {% endif %}
+        super().__post_init__()
+        {% for field in message.deprecated_fields %}
+        if self.{{ field }}:
+            warnings.warn("{{ message.py_name }}.{{ field }} is deprecated", DeprecationWarning)
+        {% endfor %}
+    {%  endif %}
+
+
+{% endfor %}
+{% for service in output_file.services %}
+class {{ service.py_name }}Stub(betterproto.ServiceStub):
+    {% if service.comment %}
+{{ service.comment }}
+
+    {% elif not service.methods %}
+    pass
+    {% endif %}
+    {% for method in service.methods %}
+    async def {{ method.py_name }}(self
+        {%- if not method.client_streaming -%}
+            {%- if method.py_input_message and method.py_input_message.fields -%}, *,
+                {%- for field in method.py_input_message.fields -%}
+                    {{ field.py_name }}: {% if field.py_name in method.mutable_default_args and not field.annotation.startswith("Optional[") -%}
+                                            Optional[{{ field.annotation }}]
+                                         {%- else -%}
+                                            {{ field.annotation }}
+                                         {%- endif -%} =
+                                            {%- if field.py_name not in method.mutable_default_args -%}
+                                                {{ field.default_value_string }}
+                                            {%- else -%}
+                                                None
+                                            {% endif -%}
+                    {%- if not loop.last %}, {% endif -%}
+                {%- endfor -%}
+            {%- endif -%}
+        {%- else -%}
+            {# Client streaming: need a request iterator instead #}
+            , request_iterator: Union[AsyncIterable["{{ method.py_input_message_type }}"], Iterable["{{ method.py_input_message_type }}"]]
+        {%- endif -%}
+            ) -> {% if method.server_streaming %}AsyncIterator["{{ method.py_output_message_type }}"]{% else %}"{{ method.py_output_message_type }}"{% endif %}:
+        {% if method.comment %}
+{{ method.comment }}
+
+        {% endif %}
+        {%- for py_name, zero in method.mutable_default_args.items() %}
+        {{ py_name }} = {{ py_name }} or {{ zero }}
+        {% endfor %}
+
+        {% if not method.client_streaming %}
+        request = {{ method.py_input_message_type }}()
+        {% for field in method.py_input_message.fields %}
+            {% if field.field_type == 'message' %}
+        if {{ field.py_name }} is not None:
+            request.{{ field.py_name }} = {{ field.py_name }}
+            {% else %}
+        request.{{ field.py_name }} = {{ field.py_name }}
+            {% endif %}
+        {% endfor %}
+        {% endif %}
+
+        {% if method.server_streaming %}
+            {% if method.client_streaming %}
+        async for response in self._stream_stream(
+            "{{ method.route }}",
+            request_iterator,
+            {{ method.py_input_message_type }},
+            {{ method.py_output_message_type.strip('"') }},
+        ):
+            yield response
+            {% else %}{# i.e. not client streaming #}
+        async for response in self._unary_stream(
+            "{{ method.route }}",
+            request,
+            {{ method.py_output_message_type.strip('"') }},
+        ):
+            yield response
+
+            {% endif %}{# if client streaming #}
+        {% else %}{# i.e. not server streaming #}
+            {% if method.client_streaming %}
+        return await self._stream_unary(
+            "{{ method.route }}",
+            request_iterator,
+            {{ method.py_input_message_type }},
+            {{ method.py_output_message_type.strip('"') }}
+        )
+            {% else %}{# i.e. not client streaming #}
+        return await self._unary_unary(
+            "{{ method.route }}",
+            request,
+            {{ method.py_output_message_type.strip('"') }}
+        )
+            {% endif %}{# client streaming #}
+        {% endif %}
+
+    {% endfor %}
+{% endfor %}
+
+{% for service in output_file.services %}
+class {{ service.py_name }}Base(ServiceBase):
+    {% if service.comment %}
+{{ service.comment }}
+
+    {% endif %}
+
+    {% for method in service.methods %}
+    async def {{ method.py_name }}(self
+        {%- if not method.client_streaming -%}
+            {%- if method.py_input_message and method.py_input_message.fields -%},
+                {%- for field in method.py_input_message.fields -%}
+                    {{ field.py_name }}: {% if field.py_name in method.mutable_default_args and not field.annotation.startswith("Optional[") -%}
+                                            Optional[{{ field.annotation }}]
+                                         {%- else -%}
+                                            {{ field.annotation }}
+                                         {%- endif -%}
+                    {%- if not loop.last %}, {% endif -%}
+                {%- endfor -%}
+            {%- endif -%}
+        {%- else -%}
+            {# Client streaming: need a request iterator instead #}
+            , request_iterator: AsyncIterator["{{ method.py_input_message_type }}"]
+        {%- endif -%}
+            ) -> {% if method.server_streaming %}AsyncIterator["{{ method.py_output_message_type }}"]{% else %}"{{ method.py_output_message_type }}"{% endif %}:
+        {% if method.comment %}
+{{ method.comment }}
+
+        {% endif %}
+        raise grpclib.GRPCError(grpclib.const.Status.UNIMPLEMENTED)
+
+    {% endfor %}
+
+    {% for method in service.methods %}
+    async def __rpc_{{ method.py_name }}(self, stream: grpclib.server.Stream) -> None:
+        {% if not method.client_streaming %}
+        request = await stream.recv_message()
+
+        request_kwargs = {
+        {% for field in method.py_input_message.fields %}
+            "{{ field.py_name }}": request.{{ field.py_name }},
+        {% endfor %}
+        }
+
+        {% else %}
+        request_kwargs = {"request_iterator": stream.__aiter__()}
+        {% endif %}
+
+        {% if not method.server_streaming %}
+        response = await self.{{ method.py_name }}(**request_kwargs)
+        await stream.send_message(response)
+        {% else %}
+        await self._call_rpc_handler_server_stream(
+            self.{{ method.py_name }},
+            stream,
+            request_kwargs,
+        )
+        {% endif %}
+
+    {% endfor %}
+
+    def __mapping__(self) -> Dict[str, grpclib.const.Handler]:
+        return {
+        {% for method in service.methods %}
+        "{{ method.route }}": grpclib.const.Handler(
+            self.__rpc_{{ method.py_name }},
+            {% if not method.client_streaming and not method.server_streaming %}
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY,
+            {% elif not method.client_streaming and method.server_streaming %}
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM,
+            {% elif method.client_streaming and not method.server_streaming %}
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY,
+            {% else %}
+            grpclib.const.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM,
+            {% endif %}
+            {{ method.py_input_message_type }},
+            {{ method.py_output_message_type }},
+        ),
+        {% endfor %}
+        }
+
+{% endfor %}
+
+{% for i in output_file.imports|sort %}
+{{ i }}
+{% endfor %}

tests/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# Standard Tests Development Guide
+
+Standard test cases are found in [betterproto/tests/inputs](inputs), where each subdirectory represents a testcase, that is verified in isolation.
+
+```
+inputs/
+   bool/
+   double/
+   int32/
+   ...
+```
+
+## Test case directory structure
+
+Each testcase has a `<name>.proto` file with a message called `Test`, and optionally a matching `.json` file and a custom test called `test_*.py`.
+
+```bash
+bool/
+  bool.proto
+  bool.json     # optional
+  test_bool.py  # optional
+```
+
+### proto
+
+`<name>.proto` &mdash; *The protobuf message to test*
+
+```protobuf
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+message Test {
+    bool value = 1;
+}
+```
+
+You can add multiple `.proto` files to the test case, as long as one file matches the directory name. 
+
+### json
+
+`<name>.json` &mdash; *Test-data to validate the message with*
+
+```json
+{
+  "value": true
+}
+```
+
+### pytest
+
+`test_<name>.py` &mdash; *Custom test to validate specific aspects of the generated class*
+
+```python
+from tests.output_betterproto.bool.bool import Test
+
+def test_value():
+    message = Test()
+    assert not message.value, "Boolean is False by default"
+```
+
+## Standard tests
+
+The following tests are automatically executed for all cases:
+
+- [x] Can the generated python code be imported?
+- [x] Can the generated message class be instantiated?
+- [x] Is the generated code compatible with the Google's `grpc_tools.protoc` implementation?
+  - _when `.json` is present_ 
+
+## Running the tests
+
+- `pipenv run generate`  
+  This generates:
+  - `betterproto/tests/output_betterproto` &mdash; *the plugin generated python classes*
+  - `betterproto/tests/output_reference` &mdash; *reference implementation classes*
+- `pipenv run test`
+
+## Intentionally Failing tests
+
+The standard test suite includes tests that fail by intention. These tests document known bugs and missing features that are intended to be corrected in the future.
+
+When running `pytest`, they show up as `x` or  `X` in the test results.
+
+```
+betterproto/tests/test_inputs.py ..x...x..x...x.X........xx........x.....x.......x.xx....x...................... [ 84%]
+```
+
+- `.` &mdash; PASSED
+- `x` &mdash; XFAIL: expected failure
+- `X` &mdash; XPASS: expected failure, but still passed
+
+Test cases marked for expected failure are declared in [inputs/config.py](inputs/config.py)

tests/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import pytest
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser):
+    parser.addoption(
+        "--repeat", type=int, default=1, help="repeat the operation multiple times"
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
+def repeat(request):
+    return request.config.getoption("repeat")

tests/generate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+import asyncio
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import platform
+import shutil
+import sys
+from typing import Set
+
+from tests.util import (
+    get_directories,
+    inputs_path,
+    output_path_betterproto,
+    output_path_reference,
+    protoc,
+)
+
+# Force pure-python implementation instead of C++, otherwise imports
+# break things because we can't properly reset the symbol database.
+os.environ["PROTOCOL_BUFFERS_PYTHON_IMPLEMENTATION"] = "python"
+
+
+def clear_directory(dir_path: Path):
+    for file_or_directory in dir_path.glob("*"):
+        if file_or_directory.is_dir():
+            shutil.rmtree(file_or_directory)
+        else:
+            file_or_directory.unlink()
+
+
+async def generate(whitelist: Set[str], verbose: bool):
+    test_case_names = set(get_directories(inputs_path)) - {"__pycache__"}
+
+    path_whitelist = set()
+    name_whitelist = set()
+    for item in whitelist:
+        if item in test_case_names:
+            name_whitelist.add(item)
+            continue
+        path_whitelist.add(item)
+
+    generation_tasks = []
+    for test_case_name in sorted(test_case_names):
+        test_case_input_path = inputs_path.joinpath(test_case_name).resolve()
+        if (
+            whitelist
+            and str(test_case_input_path) not in path_whitelist
+            and test_case_name not in name_whitelist
+        ):
+            continue
+        generation_tasks.append(
+            generate_test_case_output(test_case_input_path, test_case_name, verbose)
+        )
+
+    failed_test_cases = []
+    # Wait for all subprocs and match any failures to names to report
+    for test_case_name, result in zip(
+        sorted(test_case_names), await asyncio.gather(*generation_tasks)
+    ):
+        if result != 0:
+            failed_test_cases.append(test_case_name)
+
+    if failed_test_cases:
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "\n\033[31;1;4mFailed to generate the following test cases:\033[0m\n"
+        )
+        for failed_test_case in failed_test_cases:
+            sys.stderr.write(f"- {failed_test_case}\n")
+
+
+async def generate_test_case_output(
+    test_case_input_path: Path, test_case_name: str, verbose: bool
+) -> int:
+    """
+    Returns the max of the subprocess return values
+    """
+
+    test_case_output_path_reference = output_path_reference.joinpath(test_case_name)
+    test_case_output_path_betterproto = output_path_betterproto.joinpath(test_case_name)
+
+    os.makedirs(test_case_output_path_reference, exist_ok=True)
+    os.makedirs(test_case_output_path_betterproto, exist_ok=True)
+
+    clear_directory(test_case_output_path_reference)
+    clear_directory(test_case_output_path_betterproto)
+
+    (
+        (ref_out, ref_err, ref_code),
+        (plg_out, plg_err, plg_code),
+    ) = await asyncio.gather(
+        protoc(test_case_input_path, test_case_output_path_reference, True),
+        protoc(test_case_input_path, test_case_output_path_betterproto, False),
+    )
+
+    message = f"Generated output for {test_case_name!r}"
+    if verbose:
+        print(f"\033[31;1;4m{message}\033[0m")
+        if ref_out:
+            sys.stdout.buffer.write(ref_out)
+        if ref_err:
+            sys.stderr.buffer.write(ref_err)
+        if plg_out:
+            sys.stdout.buffer.write(plg_out)
+        if plg_err:
+            sys.stderr.buffer.write(plg_err)
+        sys.stdout.buffer.flush()
+        sys.stderr.buffer.flush()
+    else:
+        print(message)
+
+    return max(ref_code, plg_code)
+
+
+HELP = "\n".join(
+    (
+        "Usage: python generate.py [-h] [-v] [DIRECTORIES or NAMES]",
+        "Generate python classes for standard tests.",
+        "",
+        "DIRECTORIES    One or more relative or absolute directories of test-cases to generate classes for.",
+        "               python generate.py inputs/bool inputs/double inputs/enum",
+        "",
+        "NAMES          One or more test-case names to generate classes for.",
+        "               python generate.py bool double enums",
+    )
+)
+
+
+def main():
+    if set(sys.argv).intersection({"-h", "--help"}):
+        print(HELP)
+        return
+    if sys.argv[1:2] == ["-v"]:
+        verbose = True
+        whitelist = set(sys.argv[2:])
+    else:
+        verbose = False
+        whitelist = set(sys.argv[1:])
+
+    if platform.system() == "Windows":
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(asyncio.ProactorEventLoop())
+
+    asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(generate(whitelist, verbose))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

tests/grpc/test_grpclib_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+import asyncio
+import sys
+
+from tests.output_betterproto.service.service import (
+    DoThingRequest,
+    DoThingResponse,
+    GetThingRequest,
+    TestStub as ThingServiceClient,
+)
+import grpclib
+import grpclib.metadata
+import grpclib.server
+from grpclib.testing import ChannelFor
+import pytest
+from betterproto.grpc.util.async_channel import AsyncChannel
+from .thing_service import ThingService
+
+
+async def _test_client(client, name="clean room", **kwargs):
+    response = await client.do_thing(name=name)
+    assert response.names == [name]
+
+
+def _assert_request_meta_received(deadline, metadata):
+    def server_side_test(stream):
+        assert stream.deadline._timestamp == pytest.approx(
+            deadline._timestamp, 1
+        ), "The provided deadline should be received serverside"
+        assert (
+            stream.metadata["authorization"] == metadata["authorization"]
+        ), "The provided authorization metadata should be received serverside"
+
+    return server_side_test
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def handler_trailer_only_unauthenticated():
+    async def handler(stream: grpclib.server.Stream):
+        await stream.recv_message()
+        await stream.send_initial_metadata()
+        await stream.send_trailing_metadata(status=grpclib.Status.UNAUTHENTICATED)
+
+    return handler
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_simple_service_call():
+    async with ChannelFor([ThingService()]) as channel:
+        await _test_client(ThingServiceClient(channel))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_trailer_only_error_unary_unary(
+    mocker, handler_trailer_only_unauthenticated
+):
+    service = ThingService()
+    mocker.patch.object(
+        service,
+        "do_thing",
+        side_effect=handler_trailer_only_unauthenticated,
+        autospec=True,
+    )
+    async with ChannelFor([service]) as channel:
+        with pytest.raises(grpclib.exceptions.GRPCError) as e:
+            await ThingServiceClient(channel).do_thing(name="something")
+        assert e.value.status == grpclib.Status.UNAUTHENTICATED
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_trailer_only_error_stream_unary(
+    mocker, handler_trailer_only_unauthenticated
+):
+    service = ThingService()
+    mocker.patch.object(
+        service,
+        "do_many_things",
+        side_effect=handler_trailer_only_unauthenticated,
+        autospec=True,
+    )
+    async with ChannelFor([service]) as channel:
+        with pytest.raises(grpclib.exceptions.GRPCError) as e:
+            await ThingServiceClient(channel).do_many_things(
+                request_iterator=[DoThingRequest(name="something")]
+            )
+            await _test_client(ThingServiceClient(channel))
+        assert e.value.status == grpclib.Status.UNAUTHENTICATED
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason="async mock spy does works for python3.8+"
+)
+async def test_service_call_mutable_defaults(mocker):
+    async with ChannelFor([ThingService()]) as channel:
+        client = ThingServiceClient(channel)
+        spy = mocker.spy(client, "_unary_unary")
+        await _test_client(client)
+        comments = spy.call_args_list[-1].args[1].comments
+        await _test_client(client)
+        assert spy.call_args_list[-1].args[1].comments is not comments
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_service_call_with_upfront_request_params():
+    # Setting deadline
+    deadline = grpclib.metadata.Deadline.from_timeout(22)
+    metadata = {"authorization": "12345"}
+    async with ChannelFor(
+        [ThingService(test_hook=_assert_request_meta_received(deadline, metadata))]
+    ) as channel:
+        await _test_client(
+            ThingServiceClient(channel, deadline=deadline, metadata=metadata)
+        )
+
+    # Setting timeout
+    timeout = 99
+    deadline = grpclib.metadata.Deadline.from_timeout(timeout)
+    metadata = {"authorization": "12345"}
+    async with ChannelFor(
+        [ThingService(test_hook=_assert_request_meta_received(deadline, metadata))]
+    ) as channel:
+        await _test_client(
+            ThingServiceClient(channel, timeout=timeout, metadata=metadata)
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_service_call_lower_level_with_overrides():
+    THING_TO_DO = "get milk"
+
+    # Setting deadline
+    deadline = grpclib.metadata.Deadline.from_timeout(22)
+    metadata = {"authorization": "12345"}
+    kwarg_deadline = grpclib.metadata.Deadline.from_timeout(28)
+    kwarg_metadata = {"authorization": "12345"}
+    async with ChannelFor(
+        [ThingService(test_hook=_assert_request_meta_received(deadline, metadata))]
+    ) as channel:
+        client = ThingServiceClient(channel, deadline=deadline, metadata=metadata)
+        response = await client._unary_unary(
+            "/service.Test/DoThing",
+            DoThingRequest(THING_TO_DO),
+            DoThingResponse,
+            deadline=kwarg_deadline,
+            metadata=kwarg_metadata,
+        )
+        assert response.names == [THING_TO_DO]
+
+    # Setting timeout
+    timeout = 99
+    deadline = grpclib.metadata.Deadline.from_timeout(timeout)
+    metadata = {"authorization": "12345"}
+    kwarg_timeout = 9000
+    kwarg_deadline = grpclib.metadata.Deadline.from_timeout(kwarg_timeout)
+    kwarg_metadata = {"authorization": "09876"}
+    async with ChannelFor(
+        [
+            ThingService(
+                test_hook=_assert_request_meta_received(kwarg_deadline, kwarg_metadata),
+            )
+        ]
+    ) as channel:
+        client = ThingServiceClient(channel, deadline=deadline, metadata=metadata)
+        response = await client._unary_unary(
+            "/service.Test/DoThing",
+            DoThingRequest(THING_TO_DO),
+            DoThingResponse,
+            timeout=kwarg_timeout,
+            metadata=kwarg_metadata,
+        )
+        assert response.names == [THING_TO_DO]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_async_gen_for_unary_stream_request():
+    thing_name = "my milkshakes"
+
+    async with ChannelFor([ThingService()]) as channel:
+        client = ThingServiceClient(channel)
+        expected_versions = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+        async for response in client.get_thing_versions(name=thing_name):
+            assert response.name == thing_name
+            assert response.version == expected_versions.pop()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_async_gen_for_stream_stream_request():
+    some_things = ["cake", "cricket", "coral reef"]
+    more_things = ["ball", "that", "56kmodem", "liberal humanism", "cheesesticks"]
+    expected_things = (*some_things, *more_things)
+
+    async with ChannelFor([ThingService()]) as channel:
+        client = ThingServiceClient(channel)
+        # Use an AsyncChannel to decouple sending and recieving, it'll send some_things
+        # immediately and we'll use it to send more_things later, after recieving some
+        # results
+        request_chan = AsyncChannel()
+        send_initial_requests = asyncio.ensure_future(
+            request_chan.send_from(GetThingRequest(name) for name in some_things)
+        )
+        response_index = 0
+        async for response in client.get_different_things(request_chan):
+            assert response.name == expected_things[response_index]
+            assert response.version == response_index + 1
+            response_index += 1
+            if more_things:
+                # Send some more requests as we receive responses to be sure coordination of
+                # send/receive events doesn't matter
+                await request_chan.send(GetThingRequest(more_things.pop(0)))
+            elif not send_initial_requests.done():
+                # Make sure the sending task it completed
+                await send_initial_requests
+            else:
+                # No more things to send make sure channel is closed
+                request_chan.close()
+        assert response_index == len(
+            expected_things
+        ), "Didn't receive all expected responses"

tests/grpc/test_stream_stream.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import asyncio
+import betterproto
+from betterproto.grpc.util.async_channel import AsyncChannel
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+import pytest
+from typing import AsyncIterator
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Message(betterproto.Message):
+    body: str = betterproto.string_field(1)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def expected_responses():
+    return [Message("Hello world 1"), Message("Hello world 2"), Message("Done")]
+
+
+class ClientStub:
+    async def connect(self, requests: AsyncIterator):
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+        async for request in requests:
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+            yield request
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+        yield Message("Done")
+
+
+async def to_list(generator: AsyncIterator):
+    return [value async for value in generator]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    # channel = Channel(host='127.0.0.1', port=50051)
+    # return ClientStub(channel)
+    return ClientStub()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_from_before_connect_and_close_automatically(
+    client, expected_responses
+):
+    requests = AsyncChannel()
+    await requests.send_from(
+        [Message(body="Hello world 1"), Message(body="Hello world 2")], close=True
+    )
+    responses = client.connect(requests)
+
+    assert await to_list(responses) == expected_responses
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_from_after_connect_and_close_automatically(
+    client, expected_responses
+):
+    requests = AsyncChannel()
+    responses = client.connect(requests)
+    await requests.send_from(
+        [Message(body="Hello world 1"), Message(body="Hello world 2")], close=True
+    )
+
+    assert await to_list(responses) == expected_responses
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_from_close_manually_immediately(client, expected_responses):
+    requests = AsyncChannel()
+    responses = client.connect(requests)
+    await requests.send_from(
+        [Message(body="Hello world 1"), Message(body="Hello world 2")], close=False
+    )
+    requests.close()
+
+    assert await to_list(responses) == expected_responses
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_individually_and_close_before_connect(client, expected_responses):
+    requests = AsyncChannel()
+    await requests.send(Message(body="Hello world 1"))
+    await requests.send(Message(body="Hello world 2"))
+    requests.close()
+    responses = client.connect(requests)
+
+    assert await to_list(responses) == expected_responses
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_individually_and_close_after_connect(client, expected_responses):
+    requests = AsyncChannel()
+    await requests.send(Message(body="Hello world 1"))
+    await requests.send(Message(body="Hello world 2"))
+    responses = client.connect(requests)
+    requests.close()
+
+    assert await to_list(responses) == expected_responses

tests/grpc/thing_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+from tests.output_betterproto.service.service import (
+    DoThingResponse,
+    DoThingRequest,
+    GetThingRequest,
+    GetThingResponse,
+)
+import grpclib
+import grpclib.server
+from typing import Dict
+
+
+class ThingService:
+    def __init__(self, test_hook=None):
+        # This lets us pass assertions to the servicer ;)
+        self.test_hook = test_hook
+
+    async def do_thing(
+        self, stream: "grpclib.server.Stream[DoThingRequest, DoThingResponse]"
+    ):
+        request = await stream.recv_message()
+        if self.test_hook is not None:
+            self.test_hook(stream)
+        await stream.send_message(DoThingResponse([request.name]))
+
+    async def do_many_things(
+        self, stream: "grpclib.server.Stream[DoThingRequest, DoThingResponse]"
+    ):
+        thing_names = [request.name for request in stream]
+        if self.test_hook is not None:
+            self.test_hook(stream)
+        await stream.send_message(DoThingResponse(thing_names))
+
+    async def get_thing_versions(
+        self, stream: "grpclib.server.Stream[GetThingRequest, GetThingResponse]"
+    ):
+        request = await stream.recv_message()
+        if self.test_hook is not None:
+            self.test_hook(stream)
+        for version_num in range(1, 6):
+            await stream.send_message(
+                GetThingResponse(name=request.name, version=version_num)
+            )
+
+    async def get_different_things(
+        self, stream: "grpclib.server.Stream[GetThingRequest, GetThingResponse]"
+    ):
+        if self.test_hook is not None:
+            self.test_hook(stream)
+        #  Respond to each input item immediately
+        response_num = 0
+        async for request in stream:
+            response_num += 1
+            await stream.send_message(
+                GetThingResponse(name=request.name, version=response_num)
+            )
+
+    def __mapping__(self) -> Dict[str, "grpclib.const.Handler"]:
+        return {
+            "/service.Test/DoThing": grpclib.const.Handler(
+                self.do_thing,
+                grpclib.const.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY,
+                DoThingRequest,
+                DoThingResponse,
+            ),
+            "/service.Test/DoManyThings": grpclib.const.Handler(
+                self.do_many_things,
+                grpclib.const.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY,
+                DoThingRequest,
+                DoThingResponse,
+            ),
+            "/service.Test/GetThingVersions": grpclib.const.Handler(
+                self.get_thing_versions,
+                grpclib.const.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM,
+                GetThingRequest,
+                GetThingResponse,
+            ),
+            "/service.Test/GetDifferentThings": grpclib.const.Handler(
+                self.get_different_things,
+                grpclib.const.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM,
+                GetThingRequest,
+                GetThingResponse,
+            ),
+        }

tests/inputs/bool/test_bool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from tests.output_betterproto.bool import Test
+
+
+def test_value():
+    message = Test()
+    assert not message.value, "Boolean is False by default"

tests/inputs/casing/casing.proto

@@ -9,4 +9,10 @@ enum my_enum {
 message Test {
   int32 camelCase = 1;
   my_enum snake_case = 2;
+  snake_case_message snake_case_message = 3;
+  int32 UPPERCASE = 4;
 }
+
+message snake_case_message {
+
+}

tests/inputs/casing/test_casing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import tests.output_betterproto.casing as casing
+from tests.output_betterproto.casing import Test
+
+
+def test_message_attributes():
+    message = Test()
+    assert hasattr(
+        message, "snake_case_message"
+    ), "snake_case field name is same in python"
+    assert hasattr(message, "camel_case"), "CamelCase field is snake_case in python"
+    assert hasattr(message, "uppercase"), "UPPERCASE field is lowercase in python"
+
+
+def test_message_casing():
+    assert hasattr(
+        casing, "SnakeCaseMessage"
+    ), "snake_case Message name is converted to CamelCase in python"
+
+
+def test_enum_casing():
+    assert hasattr(
+        casing, "MyEnum"
+    ), "snake_case Enum name is converted to CamelCase in python"

tests/inputs/casing_message_field_uppercase/casing_message_field_uppercase.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+message Test {
+  int32 UPPERCASE = 1;
+  int32 UPPERCASE_V2 = 2;
+  int32 UPPER_CAMEL_CASE = 3;
+}

tests/inputs/casing_message_field_uppercase/casing_message_field_uppercase.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from tests.output_betterproto.casing_message_field_uppercase import Test
+
+
+def test_message_casing():
+    message = Test()
+    assert hasattr(
+        message, "uppercase"
+    ), "UPPERCASE attribute is converted to 'uppercase' in python"
+    assert hasattr(
+        message, "uppercase_v2"
+    ), "UPPERCASE_V2 attribute is converted to 'uppercase_v2' in python"
+    assert hasattr(
+        message, "upper_camel_case"
+    ), "UPPER_CAMEL_CASE attribute is converted to upper_camel_case in python"

tests/inputs/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Test cases that are expected to fail, e.g. unimplemented features or bug-fixes.
+# Remove from list when fixed.
+xfail = {
+    "namespace_keywords",  # 70
+    "googletypes_struct",  # 9
+    "googletypes_value",  # 9
+    "import_capitalized_package",
+    "example",  # This is the example in the readme. Not a test.
+}
+
+services = {
+    "googletypes_response",
+    "googletypes_response_embedded",
+    "service",
+    "service_separate_packages",
+    "import_service_input_message",
+    "googletypes_service_returns_empty",
+    "googletypes_service_returns_googletype",
+    "example_service",
+    "empty_service",
+}
+
+
+# Indicate json sample messages to skip when testing that json (de)serialization
+# is symmetrical becuase some cases legitimately are not symmetrical.
+# Each key references the name of the test scenario and the values in the tuple
+# Are the names of the json files.
+non_symmetrical_json = {"empty_repeated": ("empty_repeated",)}

tests/inputs/deprecated/deprecated.json

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "v": 10,
+  "value": 10
+}

tests/inputs/deprecated/deprecated.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+// Some documentation about the Test message.
+message Test {
+    // Some documentation about the value.
+    option deprecated = true;
+    int32 v = 1 [deprecated=true];
+    int32 value = 2;
+}

tests/inputs/deprecated_field/deprecated_field.json

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "v": 10,
+  "value": 10
+}

tests/inputs/deprecated_field/deprecated_field.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+// Some documentation about the Test message.
+message Test {
+    // Some documentation about the value.
+    int32 v = 1 [deprecated=true];
+    int32 value = 2;
+}

tests/inputs/empty_repeated/empty_repeated.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "msg": [{"values":[]}]
+}

tests/inputs/empty_repeated/empty_repeated.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+message MessageA {
+  repeated float values = 1;
+}
+
+message Test {
+  repeated MessageA msg = 1;
+}

tests/inputs/empty_service/empty_service.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+/* Empty service without comments */
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package empty_service;
+
+service Test {
+}

tests/inputs/enum/enum.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "choice": "FOUR",
+  "choices": [
+    "ZERO",
+    "ONE",
+    "THREE",
+    "FOUR"
+  ]
+}

tests/inputs/enum/enum.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+// Tests that enums are correctly serialized and that it correctly handles skipped and out-of-order enum values
+message Test {
+  Choice choice = 1;
+  repeated Choice choices = 2;
+}
+
+enum Choice {
+  ZERO = 0;
+  ONE = 1;
+  // TWO = 2;
+  FOUR = 4;
+  THREE = 3;
+}